Jean-Gilles, L. v. The Trustees of U of PA
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Opinion
J-S06004-22
NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
LYNDA JEAN-GILLES AND WILFORD : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF JEAN-GILLES : PENNSYLVANIA : Appellants : : v. : : THE TRUSTEES OF THE UNIVERSITY : OF PENNSYLVANIA, HOSPITAL OF : THE UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA, : JOHN DOES I THROUGH X AND XYZ : COMPANIES I THROUGH X : No. 1637 EDA 2021
Appeal from the Order Entered July 21, 2021, in the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County, Civil Division at No(s): 210200502.
BEFORE: KUNSELMAN, J., McLAUGHLIN, J., and KING, J.
MEMORANDUM BY KUNSELMAN, J.: FILED MARCH 11, 2022
Lynda and Wilford Jean-Gilles appeal following the entry of judgment of
non pros in this malpractice action, even though they did not file a certificate
of merit.1 On appeal, the Jean-Gilleses ignore our deferential standard of
review for such orders. Thus, we affirm.
The trial court found the facts and procedural posture to be as follows:
Ms. Jean-Gilles initiated this action on February 4, 2021 by filing a complaint against the Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania and Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania (collectively “the hospital”). In her complaint, Ms. Jean-Gilles alleged that, after a diagnostic procedure, she was allowed to leave the hospital while unattended or without assistance and, while doing so, fell to the floor.
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1 Mr. Jean-Gilles filed a claim for loss of consortium. J-S06004-22
As the allegations in the complaint sound in medical malpractice, Ms. Jean-Gilles was required to file a certificate of merit. The complaint did not contain a certificate of merit. On March 7, 2021, the hospital filed a Rule 1042.6 Notice of Intent to Enter Judgment of Non Pros if Ms. Jean-Gilles failed to file a certificate of merit within 30 days. The notice was served on Ms. Jean-Gilles’s counsel through the court’s electronic-filing system. Ms. Jean-Gilles did not file a certificate of merit. As a result, on April 7, 2021, pursuant to Rule 1042.7, the Office of Judicial Records, upon the hospital’s praecipe, entered a judgment of non pros against [the Jean-Gilleses].
On April 9, 2021, [they] filed a Motion to Vacate the Judgment of Non Pros, to which the hospital filed a response.
* * *
Ms. Jean-Gilles’s entire argument for her failure to comply with the rules [was] centered on her counsel’s contention that he did not receive the hospital’s notice. This argument is unavailing. Counsel conceded that he received every other filing that had been electronically transmitted in this case — except for the notice. It [was] not plausible that counsel did not receive an automated, court email notifying counsel of an electronic filing. There was no evidence presented of any outage or problem with the court’s electronic-filing system, or counsel’s email service on that date. In the absence of such corroborating or supporting evidence, this Court did not accept counsel’s explanation as “reasonable.”
Trial Court Opinion, 10/14/21, at 2-4 (footnotes omitted) (emphasis in
original). In short, the trial court discredited the factual claim that the Jean-
Gilleses’ attorney never received the notice to seek a judgment of non pros.
Therefore, it denied the Jean-Gilleses relief, and this timely appeal followed.
-2- J-S06004-22
The Jean-Gilleses raised three issues. See Jean-Gilleses Brief at 4. In
their argument, however, they combine them as follows: whether the trial
court “abused its discretion and erred as a matter of law when it [refused] to
vacate a judgment of non pros, [because the Jean-Gilleses] presented
circumstances and facts which warranted the opening of the judgment of non
pros, and [the hospital] could show no prejudice.” Id. at 9. Thus, we address
this single, combined issue.
Initially, the Jean-Gilleses acknowledge that “when reviewing the denial
of a petition to strike and/or open a judgment of non pros, this Court will
reverse the trial court if this Court finds the trial court manifestly abused its
discretion.” Id. at 3 (citing Yee v. Roberts, 878 A.2d 906, 910 (Pa. Super.
2005)) (emphasis added). However, the Jean-Gilleses do not define an abuse
of discretion, nor do they indicate which type of abuse the trial court allegedly
committed.
Abuse of discretion may take one of three forms. As the trial court
observed, an “abuse of discretion occurs if [(1) the trial court] committed an
error of law; [(2) it] exercised its judgment in a manifestly unreasonable
manner; or [(3) its] decision was the result of partiality, prejudice, bias or ill-
will, as shown by evidence on the record.” Trial Court Opinion, 10/14/21, at
3 (citing Womer v. Hilliker, 908 A.2d 269, 273 (Pa. 2006)).
Rather than explaining which abuse occurred, the Jean-Gilleses argue
why they think the trial court should have granted their motion, as if our
standard of review were de novo. They contend that the trial court “erred in
-3- J-S06004-22
finding that no reasonable excuse for the delay existed . . . .” Jean-Gilleses
Brief at 11 (emphasis added).
Even if we agreed that the trial court “erred” in this regard, Pennsylvania
courts have long held that an “abuse of discretion is not merely an error of
judgment, but rather a misapplication of the law or an unreasonable exercise
of judgment.” Johnson v. Johnson, 222 A.3d 787, 789 (Pa. Super. 2019).
Thus, it is insufficient to convince us that “the lower tribunal reached a decision
contrary to the decision that the appellate court would have reached.” B.B.
v. Dep't of Pub. Welfare, 118 A.3d 482, 485 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2015) (some
punctuation omitted). An appellant must demonstrate one of the three abuses
described above. See Womer, surpa.
Here, the Jean-Gilleses merely offer their view of the facts. They then
assert that the missing certificate of merit “was an inadvertent mistake or
oversight, resulting from the lack of electronic notice . . . which is both a
reasonable explanation and legitimate excuse for the delay, which warrants
the application of Pa.R.C.P. 126 to this matter.” Jean-Gilleses’ Brief at 12.
First, the trial court rejected the Jean-Gilleses’ version of the facts. The
fact finder ruled that it was “not plausible [their] counsel did not receive an
automated, court email notifying counsel of an electronic filing. There was no
evidence presented of any outage or problem with the court’s electronic-filing
system, or counsel’s email service on that date.” Trial Court Opinion,
10/14/21, at 3-4 (emphasis added). Hence, as found by the trial court, the
-4- J-S06004-22
attorney for the Jean-Gilleses received the notice of the hospital’s intent to
seek the judgment of non pros.
Second, the Jean-Gilleses’ self-proclaimed “reasonable and legitimate
excuse” does not demonstrate an abuse of discretion. At best, this indicates
that reasonable minds can differ as to what is excusable in this circumstance.
As the trial court explained, the Jean-Gilleses were not victims of events
beyond their control. Presumably, their attorney knew a certificate of merit
was required for a medical-malpractice case to proceed. See id. at 5-6. And
yet, the Jean-Gilleses still have not produced the required certificate. “Ms.
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