JC LORENZO BAKER, JR. vs STATE OF FLORIDA

• Court: District Court of Appeal of Florida
• Decided: July 22, 2022
• Docket: 21-3041
• Status: Published

Opinion

IN THE DISTRICT COURT OF APPEAL OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA FIFTH DISTRICT

NOT FINAL UNTIL TIME EXPIRES TO FILE MOTION FOR REHEARING AND DISPOSITION THEREOF IF FILED

JC LORENZO BAKER, JR.,

Appellant,

v. Case No. 5D21-3041 5D21-3042 5D21-3044 5D21-3045 5D21-3046 5D21-3043 LT Case No. 2020-CF-5149-A-X 2020-CF-4891-A-X 2020-CF-4977-A-X 2019-CF-2709-A-X 2020-CF-522-A-X 2021-CF-302-A-X

STATE OF FLORIDA,

Appellee.

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Opinion filed July 22, 2022

Appeal from the Circuit Court for Marion County, Lisa D. Herndon, Judge.

Matthew J. Metz, Public Defender, and Darnelle Paige Lawshe, Assistant Public Defender, Daytona Beach, for Appellant.

Ashley Moody, Attorney General, Tallahassee, and L. Charlene Matthews, Assistant Attorney General, Daytona Beach, for Appellee.

EVANDER, J.

JC Lorenzo Baker, Jr. (“Baker”) appeals his judgment and sentences

on six cases, arguing that the trial court erred by denying his motion to

withdraw plea after sentencing without first appointing conflict-free counsel to

argue the motion. We agree and, accordingly, we reverse.

Baker was represented by the public defender’s office throughout the

proceedings below. After rejecting a plea offer from the State, Baker entered

an open plea to the court. The trial court imposed a greater sentence than

that offered by the State. Thereafter, Baker’s defense counsel filed a motion

to withdraw plea on Baker’s behalf. The motion alleged that, according to

Baker, defense counsel had “misadvised him as to what the best pleading

decision was.” The motion further sought to allow the withdrawal of the public

defender’s office and for the appointment of conflict-free counsel.

At the ensuing hearing on the motion to withdraw plea, the assistant

public defender advised the court, inter alia, that he did not detail the alleged

2 misadvice in the motion because of the conflict between Baker and the public

defender’s office:

[W]ithout getting into the merits of the motion itself, I think the basic issue at this point is just that we need a conflict-free counsel to come in. The conflict-free counsel could then hold a hearing on a motion to withdraw a plea. He would probably amend it to go into more detail. As I indicated in the motion itself, I didn’t want to go into too many details because the nature of this motion and then conflict-free counsel could set the motion for a hearing.

The trial court declined to appoint conflict-free counsel, finding that it “was

[not] necessary under the circumstances.” Without hearing from Baker

himself, the trial court denied the motion, reciting that it had engaged in a

lengthy colloquy with Baker and that it saw no grounds to permit him to

withdraw his plea:

I went through a colloquy that was lengthy with Mr. Baker, and I don’t see any ground to withdraw the plea. I asked him all the relevant questions. He answered them correctly. It was up to me to decide. He knew that. He acknowledged that he knew that.

A defendant is entitled to be represented by counsel at a hearing on a

motion to withdraw plea because it is a critical stage of a criminal proceeding.

Stephens v. State, 141 So. 3d 701, 702 (Fla. 4th DCA 2014). “When a

defendant files a facially sufficient motion setting forth an adversarial

relationship with counsel, the court is required to appoint conflict-free

counsel unless the record conclusively refutes the motion’s allegations.”

3 Angeles v. State, 279 So. 3d 836, 837 (Fla. 2d DCA 2019); see also

Sheppard v. State, 175 So. 3d 275, 287 (Fla. 2009) (“If it appears to the trial

court that an adversarial relationship between counsel and the defendant

has arisen and the defendant’s allegations are not conclusively refuted by

the record, the court should either permit counsel to withdraw or discharge

counsel and appoint conflict-free counsel to represent the defendant.”).

Here, the motion to withdraw plea was legally sufficient. See, e.g.,

Jackson v. State, 196 So. 3d 572, 573 (Fla. 5th DCA 2016) (holding record

did not refute defendant’s claim that attorney misadvised him that if he

entered open plea, he would “likely be sentenced as a youthful offender and

receive a sentence of five years’ incarceration or less”).

Furthermore, the record established an adversarial relationship existed

between Baker and the public defender’s office. Indeed, defense counsel

advised the trial court of his inability to fully and properly argue the motion

because of the existing conflict. See, e.g., Angeles, 279 So. 3d at 836 (“In

fact, it was clear there was an adversarial relationship based on counsel’s

multiple requests for the appointment of conflict-free counsel and assertions

that he could not effectively argue his own ineffectiveness.”)

Finally, we reject the State’s argument that Baker’s allegations are

conclusively refuted by the record. The trial court’s inquiry, during the plea

4 colloquy, as to whether Baker had been promised anything to enter the plea

did not conclusively refute Baker’s claim. See, e.g., Leroux v. State, 689 So.

2d 235, 237 (Fla. 1996) (holding defendant’s statement during plea colloquy

that he had not been promised anything to enter plea did not conclusively

refute claim that attorney misadvised him about how long he would actually

serve based on entitlement to gain time).

REVERSED and REMANDED.

COHEN and NARDELLA, JJ., concur.