James R. Lunsford v. State of Indiana (mem. dec.)

CourtIndiana Court of Appeals
DecidedSeptember 9, 2016
Docket34A02-1511-CR-2056
StatusPublished

This text of James R. Lunsford v. State of Indiana (mem. dec.) (James R. Lunsford v. State of Indiana (mem. dec.)) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Indiana Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
James R. Lunsford v. State of Indiana (mem. dec.), (Ind. Ct. App. 2016).

Opinion

MEMORANDUM DECISION FILED Pursuant to Ind. Appellate Rule 65(D), Sep 09 2016, 8:17 am

this Memorandum Decision shall not be CLERK Indiana Supreme Court regarded as precedent or cited before any Court of Appeals and Tax Court court except for the purpose of establishing the defense of res judicata, collateral estoppel, or the law of the case.

ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE Derick W. Steele Gregory F. Zoeller Deputy Public Defender Attorney General of Indiana Kokomo, Indiana Paula J. Beller Deputy Attorney General Indianapolis, Indiana

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF INDIANA

James R. Lunsford, September 9, 2016 Appellant-Defendant, Court of Appeals Case No. 34A02-1511-CR-2056 v. Appeal from the Howard Superior Court State of Indiana, The Honorable Appellee-Plaintiff. William C. Menges, Jr., Judge Trial Court Cause No. 34D01-1203-FB-206

Kirsch, Judge.

[1] James R. Lunsford (“Lunsford”) appeals the trial court’s order revoking his

previously-suspended sentence for violation of the conditions of his re-entry

Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 34A02-1511-CR-2056 | September 9, 2016 Page 1 of 6 program. He raises the following restated issue for our review: whether the

trial court abused its discretion when it did not award him credit time for time

spent incarcerated for violating the re-entry program when the trial court

revoked his suspended sentence.

[2] We affirm.

Facts and Procedural History [3] On August 23, 2012, Lunsford pleaded guilty, pursuant to a plea agreement, to

dealing in methamphetamine, a Class B felony, and in exchange, the State

dismissed three additional counts. Pursuant to the plea agreement, Lunsford

was sentenced to 4,380 days with 2,555 days executed in the Department of

Correction and 1,825 days suspended to supervised probation. On June 29,

2015, as a part of his probation, Lunsford appeared in court and signed a Re-

Entry Program Participation Agreement, in which he agreed to participate in

the Howard County Re-Entry Program for a maximum of three years, which

included substance abuse treatment and counseling.

[4] On July 1, 2015, Lunsford was taken into custody for being in indirect

contempt of court as a result of violating the terms and conditions of the Re-

Entry Program based on allegations that he violated a no-contact order with his

wife. On August 26, 2015, an arrest warrant was issued for Lunsford for

violations of the terms of the Re-Entry Program, and he was arrested on the

same date. Lunsford failed to appear for a Re-Entry Program hearing and was

arrested, pursuant to a bench warrant, on September 15, 2015. On September

Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 34A02-1511-CR-2056 | September 9, 2016 Page 2 of 6 16, a case manager for the Re-Entry Program filed a notice of termination with

the trial court stating that the Re-Entry Program intended “to terminate . . .

Lunsford’s participation in the program due to absconding from the Howard

County Re-Entry Court Program.” Appellant’s App. at 79. On the same date,

the trial court issued an order terminating Lunsford’s participation in the Re-

Entry Program, and the probation department filed a petition to revoke

Lunsford’s previously-suspended sentence. At the fact-finding hearing on the

petition, Lunsford admitted that he violated his probation. The trial court then

found that the State had proven the violation by a preponderance of the

evidence and ordered Lunsford to serve the balance of his suspended sentence,

which was determined to be 1,825 days. Lunsford was given credit for forty-

four actual days, or eighty-eight days as a result of day-for-day credit, that were

served while awaiting disposition of the petition to revoke his suspended

sentence. Lunsford now appeals.

Discussion and Decision [5] “‘Probation is a matter of grace left to trial court discretion, not a right to which

a criminal defendant is entitled.’” Heaton v. State, 984 N.E.2d 614, 616 (Ind.

2013) (quoting Prewitt v. State, 878 N.E.2d 184, 188 (Ind. 2007)). It is within the

discretion of the trial court to determine probation conditions and to revoke

probation if the conditions are violated. Id. In appeals from trial court

probation violation determinations and sanctions, we review for abuse of

discretion. Id. An abuse of discretion occurs where the decision is clearly

Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 34A02-1511-CR-2056 | September 9, 2016 Page 3 of 6 against the logic and effect of the facts and circumstances, or when the trial

court misinterprets the law. Id.

[6] Lunsford argues that the trial court abused its discretion when it revoked his

previously-suspended sentence as a result of his violation of the terms of his

probation. Lunsford specifically asserts that it was an abuse of discretion for

the trial court to not grant him credit for the time he spent incarcerated for

sanctions resulting from his violations of the Re-Entry Program. He contends

that he was entitled to this credit for time served because the Re-Entry Program

was post-sentencing, and participants should receive credit for any time spent

incarcerated during the program.

[7] At the time Lunsford entered into the Re-Entry Program on June 29, 2015, he

was on probation, and when he signed the participation agreement, he agreed

to abide by all rules and conditions of the Re-Entry Program, which included,

among other things, complying with the case plan, submitting to drug testing,

and obeying all laws. Appellant’s App. at 74-75. The participation agreement

stated that sanctions shall be given for violations of the Re-Entry Program, and

such sanctions were set forth in a sanction schedule and could include

termination from the program. Id. Lunsford initially violated his terms of the

Re-Entry Program on July 1, 2015 and was taken into custody for that

violation; he was subsequently found to have violated the terms of the Re-Entry

Program two more times, and after the third violation, a notice of termination

from the Re-Entry Program was filed with the trial court. After admitting the

Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 34A02-1511-CR-2056 | September 9, 2016 Page 4 of 6 violations, the trial court ordered that Lunsford’s participation in the Re-Entry

Program be terminated. Id. at 78.

[8] Although Lunsford contends he was entitled to credit for the time he was

incarcerated due to sanctions while participating in the Re-Entry Program, he

fails to acknowledge the provision of the participation agreement in which he

voluntarily and intentionally waived his right to earn credit time for any

sanction under the Re-Entry Program. Paragraph nine of the participation

agreement for the Re-Entry Program specifically stated, “Participant agrees to

waive his right to earn credit time for any time spent in jail or otherwise

confined to which he would otherwise be entitle[d] pursuant to Indiana law

during participation in the Re[-]Entry Program.” Id. at 75. Lunsford was not

eligible to earn credit for time served for any sanctions that occurred while he

was participating in the Re-Entry Program; he was only eligible to begin

earning credit for time served once his participation in the program was

terminated on September 16, 2015.

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Related

Prewitt v. State
878 N.E.2d 184 (Indiana Supreme Court, 2007)
Kimberly Heaton v. State of Indiana
984 N.E.2d 614 (Indiana Supreme Court, 2013)

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