MEMORANDUM OPINION No. 04-11-00916-CR
James BROWNLOW, Appellant
v.
The STATE of Texas, Appellee
From the 290th Judicial District Court, Bexar County, Texas Trial Court No. 2010CR9678W Honorable Melisa Skinner, Judge Presiding
Opinion by: Marialyn Barnard, Justice
Sitting: Catherine Stone, Chief Justice Karen Angelini, Justice Marialyn Barnard, Justice
Delivered and Filed: October 24, 2012
AFFIRMED
Appellant James Brownlow appeals the trial court’s order adjudicating him guilty and
sentencing him to two years confinement in the Texas Department of Criminal Justice–
Institutional Division. On appeal, Brownlow contends the trial court erred in granting the State’s
motion to revoke and adjudicating him guilty because the State failed to prove he violated the
conditions of his community supervision. We affirm the trial court’s judgment. 04-11-00916-CR
BACKGROUND
Pursuant to a plea agreement, Brownlow pled nolo contendere to the offense of robbery.
The trial court deferred a finding of guilt and ordered Brownlow placed on community
supervision for five years. Subsequently, the State filed a “Motion to Enter Adjudication of
Guilt and Revoke Community Supervision,” alleging Brownlow violated numerous conditions of
his community supervision. Brownlow pled true to the allegations in the State’s motion.
Thereafter, the trial court adjudicated him guilty, but did not sentence him to confinement.
Rather, the trial court placed Brownlow on community supervision for five years.
Believing Brownlow had violated the conditions of his new term of probation, the State
filed a “Motion to Revoke Community Supervision.” In its motion, the State alleged Brownlow
had:
• twice failed to submit to drug testing as directed by his probation officer (condition number 2);
• failed to provide proof of employment (condition number 4);
• failed to pay court costs, supervisory fees, and other administrative fees (condition number 10);
• failed to have a landline installed for purposes of electronic monitoring (condition number 21);
• failed to submit to weekly drug testing (condition number 29); and
• failed to provide proof of school attendance and grades (condition number 33).
After a hearing, the trial court found Brownlow had violated conditions two, four, and
thirty-three as set out in the State’s motion. As a result of the violations, the trial court revoked
Brownlow’s community supervision and sentenced him to two years confinement. Brownlow
then perfected this appeal.
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ANALYSIS
Brownlow argues the State failed to prove he violated conditions of probation two, four,
and thirty-three. Accordingly, he contends the trial court erred in revoking his community
supervision and sentencing him to two years confinement.
Standard of Review
A trial court’s order revoking community supervision is reviewed under an abuse of
discretion standard. Rickels v. State, 202 S.W.3d 759, 763 (Tex. Crim. App. 2006) (quoting
Cardona v. State, 665 S.W.2d 492, 493 (Tex. Crim. App. 1984)). In a hearing on a contested
motion to revoke community supervision, the State must prove by a preponderance of the
evidence that the defendant violated the terms of his community supervision. Antwine v. State,
268 S.W.3d 634, 636 (Tex. App.—Eastland 2008, pet. ref’d) (citing Cobb v. State, 851 S.W.2d
871, 873 (Tex. Crim. App. 1993)). The trial court is the sole judge of the credibility of the
witnesses and the weight to be given their testimony. Antwine, 268 S.W.3d at 636 (citing
Cardona, 655 S.W.2d at 493; Garrett v. State, 719 S.W.2d 172, 174 (Tex. Crim. App. [Panel
Op.] 1981)). We view the evidence in the light most favorable to the trial court’s ruling. Id. If
the State fails to meet its burden of proof, the trial court abuses its discretion in revoking the
defendant’s community supervision. Antwine, 268 S.W.3d at 636 (citing Cardona, 655 S.W.2d
at 493-94). If the State proves by a preponderance of the evidence any one of the alleged
violations of community supervision, this is sufficient to support an order of revocation. Smith v.
State, 290 S.W.3d 368, 375 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 2009, pet. ref’d); Antwine, 268
S.W.3d at 636. In other words, when the trial court finds several violations of the conditions of
community supervision, the revocation order shall be affirmed if the proof of any alleged
violation is sufficient. Id.
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Application
Condition number four of Brownlow’s community supervision required him to obtain
and keep gainful employment and provide proof of employment. The record suggests Brownlow
pled true to violating this condition. At the beginning of the hearing on the motion to revoke, the
follow occurred:
THE COURT: Good morning sir. Are you James Brownlow?
THE DEFENDANT: Yes, ma’am.
THE COURT: And you’re the same James Brownlow who was placed on probation out of the 437th Judicial District Court for robbery on April 19th of 2011 for a period of five years?
THE COURT: Now, previously you entered pleas of not true to violations of condition number two.
THE COURT: A plea of true to violation of condition number four. A plea of not true to violation of condition number 10, condition in number 21, number 29, and number 33.
State are you ready to proceed?
(emphasis added).
No one attempted to claim Brownlow had not pled true to violating condition number
four, and in the trial court’s judgment, it notes he pled true.
A plea of true to any one of the violations alleged by the State is sufficient to support the
trial court’s order of revocation. Moses v. State, 590 S.W.2d 469, 469 (Tex. Crim. App. 1979);
Moore v. State, 11 S.W.3d 495, 498 n.1 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 2000, no. pet.);
Brooks v. State, 994 S.W.2d 762, 763 (Tex. App.—San Antonio 1999, no pet.). Given that it
appears from the record that Brownlow pled true to violating condition number four of his
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probation, this is sufficient to support the trial court’s revocation order. See id. That he now
contends the State failed to prove the allegation to which he pled true is of no consequence.
However, even if we assume the trial court misspoke at the hearing and mistakenly noted
a plea of true in the revocation order, we would still find the State proved by a preponderance of
the evidence that Brownlow violated condition number four.
At the hearing, the State called Claudia Torres, Brownlow’s probation officer, to the
stand. Officer Torres identified Brownlow and stated she had been his supervising officer since
January of 2011. Officer Torres testified she went over the conditions of probation with
Brownlow and that he was aware of the conditions. Officer Torres stated that Brownlow told her
he was working at the La Madeleine Restaurant in Huebner Oaks, but he never provided her with
proof of employment.
Brownlow testified at the hearing that he tried to get a job at the restaurant where his
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MEMORANDUM OPINION No. 04-11-00916-CR
James BROWNLOW, Appellant
v.
The STATE of Texas, Appellee
From the 290th Judicial District Court, Bexar County, Texas Trial Court No. 2010CR9678W Honorable Melisa Skinner, Judge Presiding
Opinion by: Marialyn Barnard, Justice
Sitting: Catherine Stone, Chief Justice Karen Angelini, Justice Marialyn Barnard, Justice
Delivered and Filed: October 24, 2012
AFFIRMED
Appellant James Brownlow appeals the trial court’s order adjudicating him guilty and
sentencing him to two years confinement in the Texas Department of Criminal Justice–
Institutional Division. On appeal, Brownlow contends the trial court erred in granting the State’s
motion to revoke and adjudicating him guilty because the State failed to prove he violated the
conditions of his community supervision. We affirm the trial court’s judgment. 04-11-00916-CR
BACKGROUND
Pursuant to a plea agreement, Brownlow pled nolo contendere to the offense of robbery.
The trial court deferred a finding of guilt and ordered Brownlow placed on community
supervision for five years. Subsequently, the State filed a “Motion to Enter Adjudication of
Guilt and Revoke Community Supervision,” alleging Brownlow violated numerous conditions of
his community supervision. Brownlow pled true to the allegations in the State’s motion.
Thereafter, the trial court adjudicated him guilty, but did not sentence him to confinement.
Rather, the trial court placed Brownlow on community supervision for five years.
Believing Brownlow had violated the conditions of his new term of probation, the State
filed a “Motion to Revoke Community Supervision.” In its motion, the State alleged Brownlow
had:
• twice failed to submit to drug testing as directed by his probation officer (condition number 2);
• failed to provide proof of employment (condition number 4);
• failed to pay court costs, supervisory fees, and other administrative fees (condition number 10);
• failed to have a landline installed for purposes of electronic monitoring (condition number 21);
• failed to submit to weekly drug testing (condition number 29); and
• failed to provide proof of school attendance and grades (condition number 33).
After a hearing, the trial court found Brownlow had violated conditions two, four, and
thirty-three as set out in the State’s motion. As a result of the violations, the trial court revoked
Brownlow’s community supervision and sentenced him to two years confinement. Brownlow
then perfected this appeal.
-2- 04-11-00916-CR
ANALYSIS
Brownlow argues the State failed to prove he violated conditions of probation two, four,
and thirty-three. Accordingly, he contends the trial court erred in revoking his community
supervision and sentencing him to two years confinement.
Standard of Review
A trial court’s order revoking community supervision is reviewed under an abuse of
discretion standard. Rickels v. State, 202 S.W.3d 759, 763 (Tex. Crim. App. 2006) (quoting
Cardona v. State, 665 S.W.2d 492, 493 (Tex. Crim. App. 1984)). In a hearing on a contested
motion to revoke community supervision, the State must prove by a preponderance of the
evidence that the defendant violated the terms of his community supervision. Antwine v. State,
268 S.W.3d 634, 636 (Tex. App.—Eastland 2008, pet. ref’d) (citing Cobb v. State, 851 S.W.2d
871, 873 (Tex. Crim. App. 1993)). The trial court is the sole judge of the credibility of the
witnesses and the weight to be given their testimony. Antwine, 268 S.W.3d at 636 (citing
Cardona, 655 S.W.2d at 493; Garrett v. State, 719 S.W.2d 172, 174 (Tex. Crim. App. [Panel
Op.] 1981)). We view the evidence in the light most favorable to the trial court’s ruling. Id. If
the State fails to meet its burden of proof, the trial court abuses its discretion in revoking the
defendant’s community supervision. Antwine, 268 S.W.3d at 636 (citing Cardona, 655 S.W.2d
at 493-94). If the State proves by a preponderance of the evidence any one of the alleged
violations of community supervision, this is sufficient to support an order of revocation. Smith v.
State, 290 S.W.3d 368, 375 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 2009, pet. ref’d); Antwine, 268
S.W.3d at 636. In other words, when the trial court finds several violations of the conditions of
community supervision, the revocation order shall be affirmed if the proof of any alleged
violation is sufficient. Id.
-3- 04-11-00916-CR
Application
Condition number four of Brownlow’s community supervision required him to obtain
and keep gainful employment and provide proof of employment. The record suggests Brownlow
pled true to violating this condition. At the beginning of the hearing on the motion to revoke, the
follow occurred:
THE COURT: Good morning sir. Are you James Brownlow?
THE DEFENDANT: Yes, ma’am.
THE COURT: And you’re the same James Brownlow who was placed on probation out of the 437th Judicial District Court for robbery on April 19th of 2011 for a period of five years?
THE COURT: Now, previously you entered pleas of not true to violations of condition number two.
THE COURT: A plea of true to violation of condition number four. A plea of not true to violation of condition number 10, condition in number 21, number 29, and number 33.
State are you ready to proceed?
(emphasis added).
No one attempted to claim Brownlow had not pled true to violating condition number
four, and in the trial court’s judgment, it notes he pled true.
A plea of true to any one of the violations alleged by the State is sufficient to support the
trial court’s order of revocation. Moses v. State, 590 S.W.2d 469, 469 (Tex. Crim. App. 1979);
Moore v. State, 11 S.W.3d 495, 498 n.1 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 2000, no. pet.);
Brooks v. State, 994 S.W.2d 762, 763 (Tex. App.—San Antonio 1999, no pet.). Given that it
appears from the record that Brownlow pled true to violating condition number four of his
-4- 04-11-00916-CR
probation, this is sufficient to support the trial court’s revocation order. See id. That he now
contends the State failed to prove the allegation to which he pled true is of no consequence.
However, even if we assume the trial court misspoke at the hearing and mistakenly noted
a plea of true in the revocation order, we would still find the State proved by a preponderance of
the evidence that Brownlow violated condition number four.
At the hearing, the State called Claudia Torres, Brownlow’s probation officer, to the
stand. Officer Torres identified Brownlow and stated she had been his supervising officer since
January of 2011. Officer Torres testified she went over the conditions of probation with
Brownlow and that he was aware of the conditions. Officer Torres stated that Brownlow told her
he was working at the La Madeleine Restaurant in Huebner Oaks, but he never provided her with
proof of employment.
Brownlow testified at the hearing that he tried to get a job at the restaurant where his
sister worked, La Madeleine, but they refused to hire him because of his felony record.
Brownlow mentioned putting in an application at one other establishment, but admittedly never
obtained a job.
The testimony by Officer Torres was sufficient to establish Brownlow never provided her
with proof of employment. And, by his own admission, Brownlow never obtained gainful
employment. This evidence is sufficient to establish he violated condition number four of his
community supervision.
Having determined that the State provided sufficient evidence to establish Brownlow
violated condition number four of his community supervision, we hold the trial court did not err
-5- 04-11-00916-CR
in revoking Brownlow’s community supervision. See Smith, 290 S.W.3d at 375; Antwine, 268
S.W.3d at 636. 1
CONCLUSION
We hold the State proved by a preponderance of the evidence that Brownlow violated at
least one of the conditions of probation as alleged by the State. Accordingly, we hold the trial
court did not abuse its discretion in revoking Brownlow’s community supervision and sentencing
him to two years confinement. We therefore affirm the trial court’s judgment.
Marialyn Barnard, Justice
Do Not Publish
1 Moreover, we hold the State provided sufficient proof to establish the other violations found by the trial court. However, we need not consider the other violations because the one violation is sufficient to affirm the revocation order. See Smith, 290 S.W.3d at 375; Antwine, 268 S.W.3d at 636.
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