Jackson v. Williams

Opinion

DISTRICT OF NEVADA Robert Jackson, Case No. 2:21-cv-01773-CDS-MDC

Plaintiff Order Dismissing and Closing Case

v.

Brian Williams, et al.,

Defendants

On January 14, 2025, I granted defendants Taerik Berry, Jennifer Nash, and Brian Williams motion to dismiss plaintiff Robert Jackson’s First Amendment and Eighth Amendment claims related to June 2019 searches of his cell. Order, ECF No. 43. The claims against Berry, Nash, and Williams were dismissed without prejudice and with leave to amend. Id. at 10. Jackson was given until February 12, 2025, to file a first amended complaint curing the deficiencies identified in my order. Id. Jackson was warned that failure to timely file his first amended complaint would result in this case being dismissed without further notice. Id. That deadline expired, and Jackson did not file an amended complaint, move for an extension, or otherwise respond. I. Discussion “If a plaintiff does not take advantage of the opportunity to fix his complaint, a district court may convert the dismissal of the complaint into a dismissal of the entire action.” Lira v. Herrera, 427 F.3d 1164, 1169 (9th Cir. 2005) (citing Yourish v. Ca. Amplifier, 191 F.3d 983, 991–92 (9th Cir. 1999)). Rule 41(b) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure provides that “if the plaintiff fails to prosecute or to comply with these rules or a court order, a defendant may move to dismiss the action or any claim against it.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 41(b). Yet the court may act on its own accord in exercising this authority. Hells Canyon Pres. Council v. U.S. Forest Serv., 403 F.3d 683, 689 (9th Cir. 2005) (approving sua sponte dismissals under Rule 41(b)); see also Link v. Wabash R.R. Co., 370 U.S. 626, 630–31 (1962) (interpreting the rule to permit courts to dismiss actions sua sponte for a plaintiff’s failure to comply with the court’s orders). The Ninth Circuit has instructed courts to consider the following factors in determining whether to dismiss an action for failure to comply with the court’s order: “(1) the public’s interest in expeditious resolution of litigation; (2) the court’s need to manage its docket; (3) the risk of prejudice to the defendants; (4) the public policy favoring disposition of cases on their merits, and (5) the availability of less drastic sanctions.” Yourish, 191 F.3d at 992 (affirming dismissal for failure to timely file an amended complaint, applying the five factors). The first two factors, the public’s interest in expeditiously resolving this litigation and the court’s interest in managing its docket, weigh in favor of dismissal. The Ninth Circuit has held that “[t]he public’s interest in expeditious resolution of litigation always favors dismissal.” Id. In cases like the one at hand, where a case is delayed by a party’s failure to comply with deadlines, the case cannot move forward toward resolution on the merits. In re Phenylpropanolamine (PPA) Prod. Liab. Litig., 460 F.3d 1217, 1228 (9th Cir. 2006). For that reason, “[i]t is incumbent upon the Court to manage its docket without being subject to routine noncompliance of litigants.” Pagtalunan v. Galaza, 291 F.3d 639, 642 (9th Cir. 2002). Here, Jackson has delayed further adjudication of the claims by failing to timely amend his complaint. There is currently no operative complaint on file, and it is Jackson’s responsibility to move this action forward; but it cannot proceed without his compliance, and it cannot simply remain idle on the court’s docket, unprosecuted. The third factor, risk of prejudice to defendants, also weighs in favor of dismissal. While the mere pendency of a lawsuit cannot constitute sufficient prejudice to require dismissal, “a presumption of prejudice arises from a plaintiff’s unexplained failure to prosecute.” Laurino v. Syringa Gen. Hosp., 279 F.3d 750, 753 (9th Cir. 2002) (citing Hernandez v. City of El Monte, 138 F.3d 393, 400–01 (9th Cir. 1998)). A plaintiff has the burden of demonstrating a non-frivolous reason for failing to meet a court deadline. Id. at 753. Jackson has not provided an explanation, non- frivolous or otherwise, for his failure to file an amended complaint. 3 The fourth factor, the public policy favoring disposition of cases on their merits, always weighs against dismissal. Jackson was given an opportunity to amend his complaint to properly 5 demonstrated the causation element required for a First Amendment retaliation claim and to add facts supporting an Eighth Amendment claim, but he failed to do so. Without an operative 7 complaint, the claims cannot be decided on the merits; therefore, I find that the fourth factor is 8 greatly outweighed by the factors in favor of dismissal. 9 The fifth factor, the availability of less drastic sanctions, also weighs in favor of dismissal. Courts “need not exhaust every sanction short of dismissal before finally dismissing a case, but must explore possible and meaningful alternatives.” Henderson v. Duncan, 779 F.2d 1421, 1424 (9th 12] Cir. 1986). A court’s warning to a party that their failure to obey the court’s order will result in dismissal satisfies the “consideration of alternatives” requirement. Ferdik v. Bonzelet, 963 F.2d 1411258, 1262 (9th Cir. 1992). Jackson was provided adequate warning that dismissal would result from noncompliance with the court’s order. See ECF No. 43 at 10. Jackson’s decision not to amend, made in the face of warnings of the consequences, leaves the court with two alternatives: dismiss the action or leave it pending indefinitely without an operative complaint. There is thus 18] no lesser alternative, so the fifth factor favors dismissal. 19} TT. Conclusion Finding that four of the five factors weigh heavily in favor of dismissal, I hereby dismiss 21) this action without prejudice under Rule 41(b). The Clerk of Court is kindly directed to enter judgment accordingly and to close this case. / ) Dated: September 23, 2025 LZ (

ibyhg——= Cristina Silva Unit | States District Judge