1 2 3 4 5 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 6 NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 7 8 JACKSON FAMILY WINES, INC., Case No. 22-cv-07842-AMO (DMR)
9 Plaintiff, ORDER ON JOINT DISCOVERY 10 v. LETTER RE: PLAINTIFF'S MOTION TO COMPEL 11 ZURICH AMERICAN INSURANCE COMPANY, Re: Dkt. No. 90 12 Defendant. 13 14 The parties filed a joint discovery letter in which Plaintiff Jackson Family Wines, Inc. 15 (“JFW”) moves to compel Defendant Zurich American Insurance Company (“Zurich”) to produce 16 documents in response to one request for production (“RFP”) and to produce a Rule 30(b)(6) 17 witness to testify about three related topics. [Docket No. 90.] This matter is suitable for 18 determination without oral argument. Civ. L.R. 7-1(b). For the following reasons, the motion to 19 compel is granted. 20 I. BACKGROUND 21 This is an action for bad faith breach of insurance contracts. JFW is “a family owned- 22 business that owns and operates dozens of vineyards and wineries throughout California.” It 23 alleges that it purchased three insurance policies from Zurich that together provided $1.1 billion in 24 coverage. According to JFW, it “suffered substantial property and other damage from four 25 wildfires that occurred in the three different policy terms” and submitted four fire-related claims 26 totaling over $430 million. JFW alleges that Zurich has deliberately delayed the four claims to 27 “avoid paying tens of millions of dollars in coverage that is clearly owed” under the policies. 1 implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing, and declaratory relief. 2 JFW moves to compel Zurich to respond to RFP No. 41, which requests “[a]ll documents 3 discussing or referring to your subrogation rights in relation to any of the claims.” Jt. Letter Ex. 4 A. It also asks the court to compel Zurich to provide a Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 30(b)(6) 5 witness on Topic Nos. 24-26, which seek testimony about Zurich’s subrogation claims and any 6 recovery. Jt. Letter 1. 7 II. LEGAL STANDARD 8 Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 26 provides
9 Parties may obtain discovery regarding any nonprivileged matter that is relevant to any party’s claim or defense and proportional to the 10 needs of the case, considering the importance of the issues at stake in the action, the amount in controversy, the parties’ relative access to 11 relevant information, the parties’ resources, the importance of the discovery in resolving the issues, and whether the burden or expense 12 of the proposed discovery outweighs its likely benefit. 13 Fed. R. Civ. P. 26(b)(1). “Information within this scope of discovery need not be admissible in 14 evidence to be discoverable.” Id. “Relevancy, for the purposes of discovery, is defined broadly, 15 although it is not without ultimate and necessary boundaries.” Gonzales v. Google, Inc., 234 16 F.R.D. 674, 679-80 (N.D. Cal. 2006). “While the party seeking to compel discovery has the 17 burden of establishing that its request satisfies relevancy requirements, the party opposing 18 discovery bears the burden of showing that discovery should not be allowed, and of clarifying, 19 explaining, and supporting its objections with competent evidence.” Lofton v. Verizon Wireless 20 (VAW) LLC, 308 F.R.D. 276, 281 (N.D. Cal. 2015) (citing La. Pac. Corp. v. Money Mkt. 1 21 Institutional Inv. Dealer, 285 F.R.D. 481, 485 (N.D. Cal. 2012)). 22 III. DISCUSSION 23 PG&E was responsible for three of the four wildfires that resulted in JFW’s losses at issue 24 in this action. JFW recently discovered that Zurich asserted subrogation1 claims against PG&E 25 and the PG&E Subrogation Wildfire Trust (“SWT”) “to recover some or all of the payments it 26
27 1 “Subrogation is defined as the substitution of another person in place of the creditor or claimant 1 made to JFW for those three fires” and that Zurich obtained recovery for at least two of the 2 wildfires. However, Zurich redacted documents to remove information about the subrogation 3 amounts it recovered and the dates they were paid. Jt. Letter 1-2. JFW now seeks discovery about 4 those subrogation claims. 5 A. RFP No. 41 6 RFP No. 41 requests “[a]ll documents discussing or referring to your subrogation rights in 7 relation to any of the claims.” Zurich raises two objections: 1) that JFW is “backtracking” on a 8 prior June 2023 discovery compromise; and 2) that subrogation information is irrelevant to JFW’s 9 claims. Id. at 3-4. Zurich also asserts that the requested information is “otherwise protected by 10 confidentiality and privilege.” Id. at 4. 11 With respect to the first argument, Zurich says the parties reached an agreement last year 12 that Zurich did not have to respond to discovery regarding its subrogation efforts with PG&E, in 13 which JFW agreed it was “seeking Zurich’s communications ‘with PG&E about the extent of 14 JFW’s losses.’” Id. at 3. Zurich contends that it “relied on JFW’s apparent acceptance of this 15 compromise, produced documents relying on this compromise, and were [sic] surprised when 16 JFW [recently] renewed meet and confer discussions.” Zurich asks the court “to enforce the 17 compromise limiting production ‘to the extent of JFW’s losses.’” Id. 18 JFW disputes that it agreed to exclude discovery of PG&E subrogation information. JFW 19 says that the agreement to which Zurich refers was a compromise regarding a different document 20 request seeking Zurich’s communications with PG&E. According to JFW, “[a]fter extensive 21 meet-and-confer, Zurich agreed to produce responsive and unprivileged communications with 22 PG&E ‘about the extent of JFW’s losses.’” Id. at 2. JFW asserts that “Zurich never stated that 23 this meant it would not produce subrogation information related to ‘the extent of JFW’s losses.’” 24 Id. (emphasis removed). 25 The parties fundamentally disagree about whether their previous agreement was intended 26 to include subrogation information, which distinguishes this case from Paul v. PG&E Corp., No. 27 C 09-4751 RS (JSC), 2011 WL 13376925, at *1-2 (N.D. Cal. July 20, 2011), cited by Zurich. In 1 image of the plaintiff’s former hard drive and the defendant subsequently refused to do so. The 2 court ordered the defendant to produce the hard drive in its entirety, noting “[i]f the meet and 3 confer process is to have any meaning, then parties must adhere to representations made during the 4 process and agreements reached as a result of the process.” Id. at *2. Here, the parties dispute 5 whether the scope of their earlier compromise includes the discovery currently at issue. As 6 described by the parties, the terms of the agreement do not clearly support either side, raising 7 doubt about whether they had a meeting of the minds on this point. Adding to that doubt is the 8 fact that the parties reached the agreement in June 2023 but JFW apparently learned about 9 Zurich’s subrogation recoveries during a May 2024 deposition. See Jt. Letter 1. Under these 10 circumstances, the court declines to enforce Zurich’s one-sided interpretation of the parties’ earlier 11 agreement. In any event, even under Zurich’s interpretation, documents regarding “the extent of 12 JFW’s losses” arguably do not exclude the subrogation information requested by RFP No. 41. 13 Next, JFW argues that the subrogation information is relevant to its claims because the 14 policies provide that “[a]ny recovery from subrogation proceedings, less costs incurred by 15 [Zurich] in such proceedings, will be payable to the Insured in the proportion that the amount of 16 any applicable deductible and/or any provable uninsured loss, bears to the entire provable 17 amount.” Jt. Letter 1 (citation omitted) (emphasis removed).
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1 2 3 4 5 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 6 NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 7 8 JACKSON FAMILY WINES, INC., Case No. 22-cv-07842-AMO (DMR)
9 Plaintiff, ORDER ON JOINT DISCOVERY 10 v. LETTER RE: PLAINTIFF'S MOTION TO COMPEL 11 ZURICH AMERICAN INSURANCE COMPANY, Re: Dkt. No. 90 12 Defendant. 13 14 The parties filed a joint discovery letter in which Plaintiff Jackson Family Wines, Inc. 15 (“JFW”) moves to compel Defendant Zurich American Insurance Company (“Zurich”) to produce 16 documents in response to one request for production (“RFP”) and to produce a Rule 30(b)(6) 17 witness to testify about three related topics. [Docket No. 90.] This matter is suitable for 18 determination without oral argument. Civ. L.R. 7-1(b). For the following reasons, the motion to 19 compel is granted. 20 I. BACKGROUND 21 This is an action for bad faith breach of insurance contracts. JFW is “a family owned- 22 business that owns and operates dozens of vineyards and wineries throughout California.” It 23 alleges that it purchased three insurance policies from Zurich that together provided $1.1 billion in 24 coverage. According to JFW, it “suffered substantial property and other damage from four 25 wildfires that occurred in the three different policy terms” and submitted four fire-related claims 26 totaling over $430 million. JFW alleges that Zurich has deliberately delayed the four claims to 27 “avoid paying tens of millions of dollars in coverage that is clearly owed” under the policies. 1 implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing, and declaratory relief. 2 JFW moves to compel Zurich to respond to RFP No. 41, which requests “[a]ll documents 3 discussing or referring to your subrogation rights in relation to any of the claims.” Jt. Letter Ex. 4 A. It also asks the court to compel Zurich to provide a Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 30(b)(6) 5 witness on Topic Nos. 24-26, which seek testimony about Zurich’s subrogation claims and any 6 recovery. Jt. Letter 1. 7 II. LEGAL STANDARD 8 Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 26 provides
9 Parties may obtain discovery regarding any nonprivileged matter that is relevant to any party’s claim or defense and proportional to the 10 needs of the case, considering the importance of the issues at stake in the action, the amount in controversy, the parties’ relative access to 11 relevant information, the parties’ resources, the importance of the discovery in resolving the issues, and whether the burden or expense 12 of the proposed discovery outweighs its likely benefit. 13 Fed. R. Civ. P. 26(b)(1). “Information within this scope of discovery need not be admissible in 14 evidence to be discoverable.” Id. “Relevancy, for the purposes of discovery, is defined broadly, 15 although it is not without ultimate and necessary boundaries.” Gonzales v. Google, Inc., 234 16 F.R.D. 674, 679-80 (N.D. Cal. 2006). “While the party seeking to compel discovery has the 17 burden of establishing that its request satisfies relevancy requirements, the party opposing 18 discovery bears the burden of showing that discovery should not be allowed, and of clarifying, 19 explaining, and supporting its objections with competent evidence.” Lofton v. Verizon Wireless 20 (VAW) LLC, 308 F.R.D. 276, 281 (N.D. Cal. 2015) (citing La. Pac. Corp. v. Money Mkt. 1 21 Institutional Inv. Dealer, 285 F.R.D. 481, 485 (N.D. Cal. 2012)). 22 III. DISCUSSION 23 PG&E was responsible for three of the four wildfires that resulted in JFW’s losses at issue 24 in this action. JFW recently discovered that Zurich asserted subrogation1 claims against PG&E 25 and the PG&E Subrogation Wildfire Trust (“SWT”) “to recover some or all of the payments it 26
27 1 “Subrogation is defined as the substitution of another person in place of the creditor or claimant 1 made to JFW for those three fires” and that Zurich obtained recovery for at least two of the 2 wildfires. However, Zurich redacted documents to remove information about the subrogation 3 amounts it recovered and the dates they were paid. Jt. Letter 1-2. JFW now seeks discovery about 4 those subrogation claims. 5 A. RFP No. 41 6 RFP No. 41 requests “[a]ll documents discussing or referring to your subrogation rights in 7 relation to any of the claims.” Zurich raises two objections: 1) that JFW is “backtracking” on a 8 prior June 2023 discovery compromise; and 2) that subrogation information is irrelevant to JFW’s 9 claims. Id. at 3-4. Zurich also asserts that the requested information is “otherwise protected by 10 confidentiality and privilege.” Id. at 4. 11 With respect to the first argument, Zurich says the parties reached an agreement last year 12 that Zurich did not have to respond to discovery regarding its subrogation efforts with PG&E, in 13 which JFW agreed it was “seeking Zurich’s communications ‘with PG&E about the extent of 14 JFW’s losses.’” Id. at 3. Zurich contends that it “relied on JFW’s apparent acceptance of this 15 compromise, produced documents relying on this compromise, and were [sic] surprised when 16 JFW [recently] renewed meet and confer discussions.” Zurich asks the court “to enforce the 17 compromise limiting production ‘to the extent of JFW’s losses.’” Id. 18 JFW disputes that it agreed to exclude discovery of PG&E subrogation information. JFW 19 says that the agreement to which Zurich refers was a compromise regarding a different document 20 request seeking Zurich’s communications with PG&E. According to JFW, “[a]fter extensive 21 meet-and-confer, Zurich agreed to produce responsive and unprivileged communications with 22 PG&E ‘about the extent of JFW’s losses.’” Id. at 2. JFW asserts that “Zurich never stated that 23 this meant it would not produce subrogation information related to ‘the extent of JFW’s losses.’” 24 Id. (emphasis removed). 25 The parties fundamentally disagree about whether their previous agreement was intended 26 to include subrogation information, which distinguishes this case from Paul v. PG&E Corp., No. 27 C 09-4751 RS (JSC), 2011 WL 13376925, at *1-2 (N.D. Cal. July 20, 2011), cited by Zurich. In 1 image of the plaintiff’s former hard drive and the defendant subsequently refused to do so. The 2 court ordered the defendant to produce the hard drive in its entirety, noting “[i]f the meet and 3 confer process is to have any meaning, then parties must adhere to representations made during the 4 process and agreements reached as a result of the process.” Id. at *2. Here, the parties dispute 5 whether the scope of their earlier compromise includes the discovery currently at issue. As 6 described by the parties, the terms of the agreement do not clearly support either side, raising 7 doubt about whether they had a meeting of the minds on this point. Adding to that doubt is the 8 fact that the parties reached the agreement in June 2023 but JFW apparently learned about 9 Zurich’s subrogation recoveries during a May 2024 deposition. See Jt. Letter 1. Under these 10 circumstances, the court declines to enforce Zurich’s one-sided interpretation of the parties’ earlier 11 agreement. In any event, even under Zurich’s interpretation, documents regarding “the extent of 12 JFW’s losses” arguably do not exclude the subrogation information requested by RFP No. 41. 13 Next, JFW argues that the subrogation information is relevant to its claims because the 14 policies provide that “[a]ny recovery from subrogation proceedings, less costs incurred by 15 [Zurich] in such proceedings, will be payable to the Insured in the proportion that the amount of 16 any applicable deductible and/or any provable uninsured loss, bears to the entire provable 17 amount.” Jt. Letter 1 (citation omitted) (emphasis removed). JFW contends that it has “millions 18 of dollars in losses that Zurich contends are uninsured, so Zurich must pay JFW a proportional 19 share of any subrogation recovery.” Id. According to JFW, Zurich’s failure to pay JFW a share of 20 subrogation recovery would breach the insurance contracts and also amount to bad faith. Id. 21 (citing Whittaker Corp. v. AIG Spec. Ins. Co., No. 2:18-cv-08453-AB-PLA, 2019 WL 13075952, 22 at *4-5 (C.D. Cal. July 2, 2019) (holding insured stated claims for breach of contract and bad faith 23 against insurer where it alleged insurer failed to pay sums due under policy’s subrogation 24 provision)). 25 Zurich responds that subrogation is not relevant to JFW’s claims because “it is either 26 unrecoverable by JFW” or “wholly premature.” Jt. Letter 4. As to the “unrecoverable” argument, 27 Zurich disputes that JFW is entitled to any subrogation recovery because Zurich has already paid 1 claims related to any of [the] fires.” Jt. Letter 4 (emphasis removed) (citing Cal. Code Regs. tit. 2 10, § 2695.7(q) (“[e]very insurer shall share subrogation recoveries on a proportionate basis with 3 the first party claimant, unless the first party claimant has otherwise recovered the whole 4 deductible amount.”)). As to the second argument, Zurich contends that “the Policies require any 5 other losses claimed by JFW be ‘provable,’” which is “hotly-disputed” in this litigation. Id. Thus, 6 Zurich argues, the issue of subrogation is premature. Id. 7 Both arguments go to the merits of JFW’s claims. They do not defeat relevance for 8 purposes of discovery under Rule 26. Information about Zurich’s subrogation rights related to 9 JFW’s losses is relevant to the breach of contract and bad faith claims because JFW contends that 10 Zurich must pay a portion of its subrogation recoveries to JFW under the terms of the policies. 11 While Zurich disputes that it wrongfully denied coverage and refused to pay for JFW’s losses, 12 JFW is entitled to obtain discovery that bears on its claims. See, e.g., City of Capitola v. 13 Lexington Ins. Co., No. 12-3428 LHK (PSG), 2013 WL 12144123, at *1 (N.D. Cal. Jan. 23, 2013) 14 (granting motion to compel subrogation information related to insurance policy where plaintiff 15 argued that “subrogation information may shed light on [insurer’s] investigation and whether the 16 denial of the claim was in bad faith.”); see also Energy Mgmt. Collab., LLC v. Darwin Tech LLC, 17 No. 8:22-CV-00952 JWH (ADS), 2024 WL 2335629, at *6 (C.D. Cal. Apr. 25, 2024) (defendant 18 “confuses its obligations under the Contract with its obligations in discovery . . . [plaintiff] has no 19 way of testing its claim and [defendant’s] assertions without evaluating these materials.”).2 20 Moreover, Zurich’s contention that the complaint does not “plead any acts of bad faith relating to 21 subrogation” is not persuasive; “discovery is not limited to issues raised by the pleadings, for 22 discovery itself is designed to help define and clarify the issues.” Bayside Sols., Inc. v. Avila, No. 23 2 The cases Zurich cites in support of its position do not support a different outcome. See Jt. Letter 24 at 5. In Seacoast 5151 Condo. Ass'n v. Great Am. Ins. Co. of New York, No. 17-23820-CIV, 2018 WL 6653342, at *5 (S.D. Fla. Sept. 21, 2018), report and recommendation adopted, No. 17- 25 23820-CIV, 2018 WL 6653071 (S.D. Fla. Nov. 6, 2018), the plaintiff did not allege that it was entitled to share in its insurer’s subrogation recoveries and did not have a bad faith claim; the court 26 denied discovery related to subrogation on the ground that “there are no subrogation issues raised in this single-count breach of contract case.” In Luxury Limousine, Inc. v. Nat'l Indem. Co., No. 27 CV 19-10893, 2020 WL 8459159, at *2 (E.D. Mich. Dec. 2, 2020), the court’s discussion of the 1 21-CV-08738-PJH, 2023 WL 4265687, at *2 (N.D. Cal. June 28, 2023) (quoting Oppenheimer 2 Fund, Inc. v. Sanders, 437 U.S. 340, 351 (1978)). 3 Finally, Zurich argues that the requested information “is governed by a separate 4 confidentiality agreement” under which PG&E has the right to object or oppose the disclosure of 5 its own information. It contends that it cannot disclose the information without PG&E’s consent. 6 Jt. Letter 5. However, it does not identify or describe the relevant terms of the agreement or 7 otherwise explain this argument further. In the absence of details about Zurich’s confidentiality 8 obligations, the court finds that the protective order issued in this case adequately addresses any 9 concerns about confidentiality of the requested information. [See Docket No. 45.] 10 The parties also appear to dispute whether Zurich may redact privileged information from 11 the documents. They did not brief this issue in any detail. See Jt. Letter 3, 5. Zurich shall 12 produce all documents responsive to RFP No. 41 within seven days of the date of this order. If it 13 withholds any documents or information based on the attorney-client privilege or the work product 14 doctrine, Zurich shall also produce an updated amended privilege log in accordance with the 15 undersigned’s February 7, 2024 Notice of Reference and Order re: Discovery Procedures (Docket 16 No. 58) at the same time as its document production. 17 B. Deposition Topic Nos. 24-26 18 JFW also moves to compel production of a Rule 30(b)(6) witness to testify on three 19 subrogation-related topics, Nos. 24-26. Zurich’s only argument regarding the disputed topics is 20 that the request is “premature”; it asserts that JFW should proceed with the deposition and that 21 “[t]o the extent any disputes arise during the deposition with regard to specific questions or topics, 22 the parties can meet and confer at that time.” Jt. Letter 5. As the court has now ruled that 23 information about Zurich’s subrogation recoveries related to JFW’s losses is relevant and 24 discoverable, the court expects that there will be few, if any, disputes about specific questions 25 related to subrogation. The Rule 30(b)(6) deposition shall proceed forthwith. 26 // 27 // IV. CONCLUSION For the foregoing reasons, JFW’s motion to compel is granted. 2 IT IS SO ORDERED. KES DISTRIGS Dated: August 12, 2024 Ss, SON 4 ay □□
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