Israfil v. Russell

Opinion

5(&200(1'(' )25 )8//7(;7 38%/,&$7,21 3XUVXDQW WR 6L[WK &LUFXLW 5XOH 

(/(&7521,& &,7$7,21  )(' $SS 3 WK &LU )LOH 1DPH DS

81,7('67$7(6&28572)$33($/6 )257+(6,;7+&,5&8,7 BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB

080,1 ,65$),/ ;  3HWLWLRQHU$SSHOODQW   1R Y  !  +$55< . 5866(//:DUGHQ  5HVSRQGHQW$SSHOOHH  1

)LOHG$XJXVW %HIRUH.583$16.<68+5+(,15,&+DQG6,/(5 &LUFXLWsXGJHV BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB 25'(5 BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB 7KLV SUR VH 2KLR VWDWH SULVRQHU DSSHDOV D GLVWULFW FRXUW MXGJPHQWGLVPLVVLQJKLVSHWLWLRQIRUDZULWRIKDEHDVFRUSXV ILOHG SXUVXDQW WR  86& †   7KLV FDVH KDV EHHQ UHIHUUHG WR D SDQHO RI WKH FRXUW SXUVXDQW WR 5XOH M  5XOHV RI WKH 6L[WK &LUFXLW  8SRQ H[DPLQDWLRQ WKLV SDQHO

7KLV RUGHU ZDV RULJLQDOO\ LVVXHG DV DQ mXQSXEOLVKHG RUGHUl ILOHG RQ $XJXVW   2Q 'HFHPEHU   WKH FRXUW GHVLJQDWHG WKH RUGHU DV RQH UHFRPPHQGHG IRU IXOOWH[W SXEOLFDWLRQ

  ,VUDILOY5XVVHOO 1R

XQDQLPRXVO\DJUHHVWKDWRUDODUJXPHQWLVQRWQHHGHG)HG5 $SS3D ,Q$SULODQ2KLRMXU\IRXQG0XPLQ,VUDILOJXLOW\RI PXUGHUZLWKDILUHDUPVSHFLILFDWLRQ7KHWULDOFRXUWVHQWHQFHG ,VUDILOWRVHUYHILIWHHQ\HDUVWROLIHLQSULVRQDQGWKUHH\HDUV RILPSULVRQPHQWWREHVHUYHGFRQVHFXWLYHO\IRUWKHILUHDUP VSHFLILFDWLRQ 2KLRjV6HFRQG'LVWULFW&RXUWRI$SSHDOVDIILUPHG,VUDILOjV MXGJPHQW RI FRQYLFWLRQ DQG VHQWHQFH  6WDWH Y ,VUDILO 1R :/2KLR$SS'LVW0DU 7KH2KLR6XSUHPH&RXUWGHQLHGUHYLHZ6WDWHY,VUDILO 1(G2KLR2QsXO\,VUDILOILOHGD mPRWLRQIRUUHOLHIIURPMXGJPHQWSXUVXDQWWR2KLR&LY5 % lZKLFKZDVWUHDWHGDVDSHWLWLRQIRUSRVWFRQYLFWLRQ UHOLHI7KH2KLR&RXUWRI$SSHDOVDIILUPHGWKHWULDOFRXUWjV VXPPDU\ MXGJPHQW GLVPLVVDO RI SRVWFRQYLFWLRQ UHOLHI RYHUUXOLQJ,VUDILOjVDOOHJDWLRQVWKDWWKHFRPSODLQWXSRQZKLFK KLVDUUHVWZDUUDQWZDVLVVXHGFRQWDLQHGIDOVHVWDWHPHQWV6WDWH Y,VUDILO1R:/2KLR$SS'LVW 1RY,VUDILOGLGQRWDSSHDO ,VUDILOILOHGKLVVHFRQGSHWLWLRQIRUSRVWFRQYLFWLRQUHOLHIRQ 6HSWHPEHU   +H DOOHJHG LQHIIHFWLYH DVVLVWDQFH RI FRXQVHODQGFODLPHGWKDWWKHSURVHFXWRUDQGWKHWULDOFRXUW KDGHQJDJHGLQIUDXG7KHFRXUWRIDSSHDOVDIILUPHGWKHWULDO FRXUWjVGHFLVLRQGLVPLVVLQJ,VUDILOjVSHWLWLRQ6WDWHY,VUDILO 1R   :/  2KLR $SS  'LVW )HE    7KH 2KLR 6XSUHPH &RXUW GHQLHG UHYLHZ  6WDWH Y ,VUDILO1(G2KLR 2Q sXO\   ,VUDILO ILOHG D VXFFHVVLYH SHWLWLRQ IRU SRVWFRQYLFWLRQUHOLHIDOOHJLQJWKDWDELDVHGMXURUZDVSUHVHQW RQKLVMXU\SDQHODQGWKDWmLUUHOHYDQWEXWKLJKO\SUHMXGLFLDO SK\VLFDO HYLGHQFHl ZDV LQWURGXFHG DW WULDO E\ WKH VWDWHjV ILUHDUPDQGEDOOLVWLFH[SHUW7KH WULDOFRXUWGHQLHG,VUDILOjV SHWLWLRQDQGJUDQWHGWKHVWDWHjVPRWLRQIRUVXPPDU\MXGJPHQW VWDWLQJWKDW,VUDILOjVFODLPVZHUHEDUUHGE\WKHGRFWULQHRIUHV MXGLFDWDDQGEHFDXVHWKHSHWLWLRQZDVQRWWLPHO\ILOHGDQGGLG QRWPHHWWKH2KLRUHTXLUHPHQWVRIDVXFFHVVLYHSHWLWLRQ7KH 1R ,VUDILOY5XVVHOO 

FRXUWRIDSSHDOVDIILUPHGWKHWULDOFRXUWjVMXGJPHQW6WDWHY ,VUDILO 1R   :/  2KLR $SS 'LVW  sXO\    7KH 2KLR 6XSUHPH &RXUW GHQLHG UHYLHZ 6WDWHY,VUDILO1(G2KLR 2Q 0D\   ,VUDILO ILOHG WKH LPPHGLDWH SHWLWLRQ FODLPLQJWKDWKHZDVDUUHVWHGZLWKRXWDZDUUDQWWULDO FRXQVHOUHQGHUHGLQHIIHFWLYHDVVLVWDQFHKHZDVGHQLHGKLV )LUVW$PHQGPHQWULJKWWRSHWLWLRQWKHFRXUWIRUUHGUHVVDQG DQGKHZDVGHQLHGGXHSURFHVVRIODZ 7KHPDJLVWUDWHMXGJHUHFRPPHQGHGWKDW,VUDILOjVSHWLWLRQEH GLVPLVVHGDVEDUUHGE\WKHVWDWXWHRIOLPLWDWLRQV7KHGLVWULFW FRXUWRYHU,VUDILOjVREMHFWLRQVDGRSWHGWKHPDJLVWUDWHMXGJHjV UHSRUW DQG UHFRPPHQGDWLRQ ZLWK UHVSHFW WR WKH PDJLVWUDWH MXGJHjV FRQFOXVLRQ WKDW ,VUDILOjV SHWLWLRQ ZDV EDUUHG E\ WKH VWDWXWH RI OLPLWDWLRQV  ,VUDILO DSSHDOV WKDW MXGJPHQW  7KH GLVWULFWFRXUWJUDQWHG,VUDILODFHUWLILFDWHRIDSSHDODELOLW\DQG JUDQWHG,VUDILOOHDYHWRSURFHHGLQIRUPDSDXSHULVRQDSSHDO ,QKLVWLPHO\DSSHDO,VUDILOFRQWHQGVWKDWWKHGLVWULFWFRXUW HUUHGLQGHWHUPLQLQJWKDWKLVKDEHDVFRUSXVSHWLWLRQZDVWLPH EDUUHG,VUDILODUJXHVWKDWKLVWKLUGSRVWFRQYLFWLRQPRWLRQ ILOHGsXO\ZDVDSURSHUO\ILOHGDSSOLFDWLRQIRUVWDWH SRVWFRQYLFWLRQUHOLHIRURWKHUFROODWHUDOUHYLHZWKDWWROOHGWKH RQH\HDU SHULRG RI OLPLWDWLRQV SXUVXDQW WR  86& †G ,VUDILOGRHVQRWDUJXHRQDSSHDOWKDWWKHVWDWXWH RIOLPLWDWLRQVZDVWROOHGE\KLVILOLQJDSHWLWLRQIRUDZULWRI PDQGDPXVLQWKH2KLR6XSUHPH&RXUW7KXVWRWKHH[WHQW WKDWKHPDGHVXFKDQDUJXPHQWLQWKHGLVWULFWFRXUWWKHLVVXH LVFRQVLGHUHGDEDQGRQHGDQGQRWUHYLHZDEOHRQDSSHDO6HH (QHUWHFK(OHF,QFY0DKRQLQJ&RXQW\&RPPjUV)G WK&LU 7KLVFRXUWUHYLHZVGHQRYRWKHGLVWULFWFRXUWjVGLVSRVLWLRQ RIDKDEHDVFRUSXVSHWLWLRQ5LFNPDQY%HOO)G WK&LU7KH$QWLWHUURULVPDQG(IIHFWLYH'HDWK 3HQDOW\$FWRIm$('3$lFRQWDLQVDRQH\HDUVWDWXWH RIOLPLWDWLRQVSHULRGGXULQJZKLFKD†IHGHUDOKDEHDV FRUSXVSHWLWLRQPXVWEHILOHG86&†G 7KH $('3$VWDWXWHRIOLPLWDWLRQVEHJLQVWRUXQIURPWKHODWHVWRI  ,VUDILOY5XVVHOO 1R 1R ,VUDILOY5XVVHOO 

IRXUFLUFXPVWDQFHVRQHRIZKLFKLVmWKHGDWHRQZKLFKWKH ,VUDILOjV WKLUG PRWLRQ IRU SRVWFRQYLFWLRQ UHOLHI ZDV QRW >VWDWH FRXUW@ MXGJPHQW EHFDPH ILQDO E\ WKH FRQFOXVLRQ RI SURSHUO\ ILOHG ZLWKLQ WKH PHDQLQJ RI † G   $Q GLUHFW UHYLHZl   86& † G  $ 7KH RQH\HDU DSSOLFDWLRQIRUSRVWFRQYLFWLRQRURWKHUFROODWHUDOUHYLHZLV SHULRGRIOLPLWDWLRQVLVWROOHGKRZHYHUE\WKHDPRXQWRIWLPH mSURSHUO\ ILOHGl ZKHQ LWV GHOLYHU\ DQG DFFHSWDQFH DUH LQ WKDWmDSURSHUO\ILOHGDSSOLFDWLRQIRU6WDWHSRVWFRQYLFWLRQRU FRPSOLDQFH ZLWK WKH DSSOLFDEOH ODZV DQG UXOHV JRYHUQLQJ RWKHUFROODWHUDOUHYLHZZLWKUHVSHFWWRWKHSHUWLQHQWMXGJPHQW ILOLQJV HJ UHTXLUHPHQWV FRQFHUQLQJ WKH IRUP RI WKH RUFODLPLVSHQGLQJl86&†G  GRFXPHQWWKHFRXUWDQGRIILFHLQZKLFKLWPXVWEHORGJHG SD\PHQWRIDILOLQJIHHDQGDSSOLFDEOHWLPHOLPLWVXSRQLWV 7KH$('3$EHFDPHHIIHFWLYHRQ$SULO/LQGKY GHOLYHU\$UWX]Y%HQQHWW6&W 0XUSK\86+DEHDVFRUSXVSHWLWLRQHUV VHHDOVR$XVWLQ)GDWQmSURSHUO\ILOHGlLPSOLHV ZKRVHVWDWHFRQYLFWLRQVZHUHFRQFOXGHGE\GLUHFWUHYLHZSULRU WLPHOLQHVV2KLRjV6HFRQG'LVWULFW&RXUWRI$SSHDOVKHOG WRWKHHIIHFWLYHGDWHRIWKH$('3$DUHDIIRUGHGDRQH\HDU WKDW,VUDILOjVWKLUGPRWLRQIRUSRVWFRQYLFWLRQUHOLHIZDVQRW JUDFHSHULRGXQWLO$SULOLQZKLFKWRILOHD† WLPHO\ILOHGDVDPDWWHURI2KLRODZEXWZDVILOHGDOPRVWWZR SHWLWLRQ  $XVWLQ Y 0LWFKHOO  )G   WK &LU \HDUVRXWVLGHWKHWLPHOLPLWDWLRQ6WDWHY,VUDILO1R  FHUW GHQLHG  86    7KLV RQH\HDU :/DW 2KLR$SS'LVWsXO\ JUDFH SHULRG LV WROOHG E\ DQ\ WLPH VSHQW SXUVXLQJ SURSHUO\ 3ULQFLSOHVRIFRPLW\UHTXLUHIHGHUDOFRXUWVWRGHIHUWRDVWDWHjV ILOHG VWDWH SRVWFRQYLFWLRQ RU RWKHU FROODWHUDO UHYLHZ MXGJPHQW RQ LVVXHV RI VWDWH ODZ DQG PRUH SDUWLFXODUO\ RQ SURFHHGLQJV,G LVVXHVRIVWDWHSURFHGXUDOODZ(QJOHY,VDDF86 0XUUD\Y&DUULHU86 8SRQUHYLHZZHFRQFOXGHWKDWWKHGLVWULFWFRXUWSURSHUO\ %HFDXVHVWDWHFRXUWVDUHWKHILQDODXWKRULW\RQVWDWHODZVHH GLVPLVVHG,VUDILOjVKDEHDVFRUSXVSHWLWLRQDVXQWLPHO\6HH +XWFKLVRQ Y 0DUVKDOO  )G   WK &LU  5LFNPDQ)GDW,VUDILOjVVWDWHFRXUWFRQYLFWLRQV IHGHUDOFRXUWVPXVWDFFHSWDVWDWHFRXUWjVLQWHUSUHWDWLRQRILWV EHFDPHILQDOSULRUWRWKHHIIHFWLYHGDWHRIWKH$('3$7KXV VWDWXWHVDQGLWVUXOHVRISUDFWLFH'XIIHOY'XWWRQ)G ,VUDILOZDV DOORZHGRQH\HDUIURPWKHHIIHFWLYHGDWHRIWKH   WK &LU   7KHUHIRUH LW IROORZV WKDW WKH $('3$RUXQWLO$SULOWRILOHKLVKDEHDVFRUSXV GLVWULFWFRXUWSURSHUO\GHIHUUHGWRWKHVWDWHFRXUWjVILQGLQJDV SHWLWLRQ6HH$XVWLQ)GDW,VUDILOjVKDEHDVFRUSXV WR ZKHWKHU ,VUDILOjV WKLUG SRVWFRQYLFWLRQ PRWLRQ KDG EHHQ SHWLWLRQZDVQRWILOHGXQWLO0D\ZHOOEH\RQGWKH VXEPLWWHGDFFRUGLQJWR2KLRjVWLPHOLQHVVUHTXLUHPHQWV RQH\HDU JUDFH SHULRG IRU ILOLQJ VXFK D SHWLWLRQ  %HFDXVH ,VUDILOILOHGKLVKDEHDVSHWLWLRQEH\RQGWKHJUDFHSHULRGWKH $FFRUGLQJO\ZHKHUHE\DIILUPWKHGLVWULFWFRXUWjVMXGJPHQW LVVXHLVZKHWKHUWKHRQH\HDUVWDWXWHRIOLPLWDWLRQVZDVWROOHG SXUVXDQWWR5XOHM  &5XOHVRIWKH6L[WK&LUFXLWIRU E\SURSHUO\ILOHGVWDWHSRVWFRQYLFWLRQPRWLRQV5HVSRQGHQW WKH UHDVRQV VHW IRUWK LQ WKH PDJLVWUDWH MXGJHjV UHSRUW DQG DSSHOOHH FRQFHGHV WKDW ,VUDILOjV ILUVW WZR SRVWFRQYLFWLRQ UHFRPPHQGDWLRQRI2FWREHUDVPRGLILHGDQGDGRSWHG PRWLRQV FRQVWLWXWHG SURSHUO\ ILOHG FROODWHUDO DWWDFNV RQ WKH E\WKHGLVWULFWFRXUWLQLWVMXGJPHQWRI'HFHPEHU MXGJPHQWDQGWKHUHIRUHWROOHGWKHVWDWXWHRIOLPLWDWLRQVXQGHU  86& † G   ,I ,VUDILOjV WKLUG PRWLRQ IRU SRVW (17(5('%<25'(52)7+(&2857 FRQYLFWLRQ UHOLHI ILOHG sXO\   ZDV SURSHUO\ ILOHG ZLWKLQ WKH PHDQLQJ RI † G  WKHQ WKH LPPHGLDWH V/HRQDUG*UHHQ KDEHDV SHWLWLRQ LV WLPHO\ EHFDXVH LW ZDV ILOHG RQ 0D\  BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB  &OHUN