Irving Byelas Irrevocable Trust v. KDT Industries, Inc. (In Re KDT Industries, Inc.)

32 B.R. 852, 1983 Bankr. LEXIS 5476
CourtUnited States Bankruptcy Court, S.D. New York
DecidedSeptember 7, 1983
Docket19-10677
StatusPublished
Cited by9 cases

This text of 32 B.R. 852 (Irving Byelas Irrevocable Trust v. KDT Industries, Inc. (In Re KDT Industries, Inc.)) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering United States Bankruptcy Court, S.D. New York primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Irving Byelas Irrevocable Trust v. KDT Industries, Inc. (In Re KDT Industries, Inc.), 32 B.R. 852, 1983 Bankr. LEXIS 5476 (N.Y. 1983).

Opinion

DECISION DENYING REQUEST FOR MODIFICATION OF AUTOMATIC STAY AND FOR CERTAIN OTHER RELIEF

PRUDENCE B. ABRAM, Bankruptcy Judge.

This adversary proceeding was commenced by Irving Byelas Irrevocable Trust (the “Landlord”) on December 7, 1982 seeking, inter alia, possession of, and termination of the lease for, the premises known as Store No. 403, located at Boston Post Road and Buckley Road, Westport, Connecticut in a strip-type shopping center, which includes a Stop & Shop supermarket and a Peoples *853 Savings Bank, as well as other stores and office space. The facts are as follows:

FINDINGS OF FACT

On February 3, 1961, the Landlord’s predecessor leased to Franklin Stores Corporation, as tenant, the Store No. 403 premises for a 15-year term ending on November 30, 1976 for the conduct of a department store. The tenant was also granted three (3) five-year renewal options. Presently, the lease will expire on November 30, 1986 subject to the right to exercise the final renewal option. The tenant under the lease is now Cornwall King’s Equities, Ltd., one of the debtors, who received an assignment of the tenant’s interest in August 1980.

The lease requires payment of a base rental of $88,121 annually, payable in monthly installments of $7,343 each. In addition, percentage rent is payable on annual gross receipts in excess of $5,036,-243.94. The lease provides that the tenant must keep separate and accurate records of gross receipts which the landlord may audit (Article III); the tenant cannot place any signs or fixtures on the exterior of the premises without permission from the landlord (Article XI); and the tenant has 30 days to cure or commence to cure any default (except 10 days if the default is failure to pay rent) after receiving notice of default from the Landlord (Article XX, Section 1).

No percentage rent was paid until 1976. In 1980 the percentage rent declined from that of the previous year and on January 18, 1981, the landlord advised the tenant that it had elected to inspect and audit the sales records. The landlord retained R.G. Foster & Associates, Inc., the largest company in the United States and Canada specializing in this type of examination, to conduct the examination. Mr. George Desharnais, R.G. Foster’s northeast regional manager, was assigned to the project and made the actual inspection and audit.

Mr. Desharnais’ first step was to visit Store No. 403 to “shop the store.” This visit was part of his routine audit procedure. The purpose of the visit was to make first hand observations relevant to the audit and inspection goal of determining whether gross sales were being accurately reported. Mr. Desharnais observed sales in order to determine whether cash registers were in operation, and he otherwise observed the operations and layout of the store. After shopping the store, Mr. Desh-arnais made an appointment and travelled to the offices of KDT Industries, Inc. (“KDT”) in Bronx, New York to review the sales records for the store. His inspection at the Bronx office was brief because much of the information he requested to inspect was unavailable as it was in transit to KDT’s Boston office.

On February 25,1981 the Landlord sent a notice of default to the tenant. The notice stated that the audit “establishes that * * * [the tenant] has been systematically excluding receipts from merchandise sold, from the premises, from the gross receipts report which the percentage rent is based upon.” The notice went on to state that it could also be established that employee discount sales had been included at the discount price instead of the retail price and that there was no such exclusion in the lease. No specific dollar amounts were mentioned. The letter stated “There are other items which were omitted which are not necessary to mention now.” The tenant was given ten days to resolve the matter.

The Landlord also sent a second letter on February 25, 1981. This letter objected to the erection the previous day of a new sign which changed the store name on the facade from Barker’s to King’s on the basis that the sign had been erected without the Landlord’s prior consent and that the new sign violated a separate letter agreement as to size, style and spread. The letter stated “You are to immediately remove the sign without any delay.” The letters in the King’s sign are noticeably larger than the letters in the Barker’s sign it replaced. The letters may no be quite the same shade red as the other signs in the shopping center and appear to have white edges unlike the other tenant signs. Several years prior to this sign change the Landlord at its expense *854 renovated the shopping center by installing a facade on the various store fronts to unify and upgrade the center’s appearance. At that time, the Landlord entered into separate agreements with each tenant with respect to the size, design and color of a new facade sign for each store and the Barker’s sign had been installed then.

Upon receipt of the two February 25 letters, the tenant initiated a series of communications with the Landlord directed at determining what the nature of the percentage rent violation was and correcting the problem with the sign. The tenant concedes that the sign was erected without securing the prior approval of the Landlord.

When the rent default letter was sent, the Landlord had not yet received a copy of the R.G. Foster report and did not receive a copy until March 10, 1981. (As set forth below, the tenant did not receive a copy until May 26, 1981.) In light of its relevance to this dispute, the two operative pages of the R.G. Foster report are annexed as an appendix to this opinion. Based upon its examination, R.G. Foster determined that the tenant owed the Landlord an additional $216.20 as percentage rent, including interest, for the years 1978 to 1981 for unreported sales.

On February 27, 1981, following a telephone conversation between them on February 26, the Landlord wrote to the tenant agreeing to forebear from any immediate action on the two February 25 letters to give the tenant an opportunity to look into the matter. The final paragraph of the letter states as follows:

“I also want to point out now which was not spelled out in my letter concerning percentage rent, that my auditor determined that no figures for sales from vending machines had been included in the gross sales figures. At the time of the audit, he had surveyed the store and counted twenty-six various kinds of vending machines. I anticipate receiving his written report shortly.”

On March 12, 1981, the Landlord sent a letter to the tenant listing only the findings itemized as 1 through 6 in the R.G. Foster report. The letter stated that the findings were considered to be a breach of the lease in two respects: (1) the failure to include items in gross receipts that the Landlord was entitled to for the purposes of calculation of percentage rent; and (2) the failure of the tenant to keep separate and accurate records of gross receipts. The Landlord’s letter goes on to state that

“in view of the foregoing breaches, that it would be timely to renegotiate the rent factor in the lease in consideration of my waiving claimed breaches of the lease.”

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32 B.R. 852, 1983 Bankr. LEXIS 5476, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/irving-byelas-irrevocable-trust-v-kdt-industries-inc-in-re-kdt-nysb-1983.