In Re Zachary D.

83 Cal. Rptr. 2d 407, 70 Cal. App. 4th 1392
CourtCalifornia Court of Appeal
DecidedMarch 30, 1999
DocketC030740
StatusPublished
Cited by6 cases

This text of 83 Cal. Rptr. 2d 407 (In Re Zachary D.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering California Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
In Re Zachary D., 83 Cal. Rptr. 2d 407, 70 Cal. App. 4th 1392 (Cal. Ct. App. 1999).

Opinion

83 Cal.Rptr.2d 407 (1999)
70 Cal.App.4th 1392

In re ZACHARY D., a Person Coming Under the Juvenile Court Law.
Sacramento County Department of Health & Human Services, Plaintiff and Respondent,
v.
Dorie D., Defendant and Appellant.

No. C030740.

Court of Appeal, Third District.

March 30, 1999.
Review Denied June 23, 1999.

Francia M. Welker, under appointment by the Court of Appeal, for Defendant and Appellant.

*408 Robert A. Ryan, Jr., County Counsel, Lilly C. Frawley, Deputy County Counsel, for Plaintiff and Respondent.

BLEASE, Acting P.J.

In this appeal we consider the application of recent legislation which authorizes the entry of a kinship adoption agreement between an adopting parent who is a relative of the child and a birth parent, pursuant to which the court may, in an adoption decree, grant post adoption privileges to a birth parent. (Fam.Code, §§ 8714.5 et seq.; Stats.1997, ch. 793, § 4.)

Dorie D., the mother of Zachary, appeals from an order of the juvenile court terminating her parental rights pursuant to Welfare and Institutions Code section 366.26.[1] She contends the court committed reversible error in failing to provide her with notice and an opportunity to enter into a kinship adoption agreement with her parents, prospective adoptive parents who had custody of Zachary, before terminating her parental rights.

We will conclude the provision of such notice and opportunity in the section 366.26 proceeding, though desirable in an appropriate case, is not required. Appellant is not disadvantaged by this ruling. The kinship adoption statutes do not preclude entry into a kinship adoption agreement after termination of parental rights and before entry of an adoption decree.

We shall affirm the order.

FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND

On July 24, 1997, the Sacramento County Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) filed a section 300 petition on behalf of the minor, who was born June 28, 1997. It alleged appellant had a substance abuse problem that rendered her incapable of providing proper care for and supervision of the minor. According to the petition, appellant, the minor, and two of the minor's siblings tested positive for illegal drugs.

The juvenile court sustained the petition, adjudged the minor a dependent child of the court, and ordered DHHS to provide appellant with reunification services. The minor was placed in the custody of his maternal grandparents, who had custody of the minor's three siblings.

Appellant did not satisfy the requirements of her reunification plan. In the meantime, the minor was doing well with his grandparents, who wanted to adopt him. Apparently no conflicts existed between appellant and the grandparents. Rather, the grandparents encouraged appellant to visit the minor as often as possible. The social worker believed the minor was adoptable.

Appellant did not appear at the September 3, 1998, section 366.26 hearing. Her counsel urged the court not to terminate her parental rights. The parties did not discuss the possibility of entering into a kinship adoption agreement. The court found it likely the minor would be adopted and terminated appellant's parental rights.

DISCUSSION

Appellant contends the juvenile court prejudicially erred "by not requiring [DHHS] to provide [her] an opportunity to enter into a kinship adoption agreement with her parents, the prospective adoptive parents of [the minor]." According to appellant, such an agreement was appropriate under the circumstances and would promote the best interests of the minor. She argues the court had a duty, implied by statute, to order DHHS to work with her in achieving such an agreement. Appellant also asserts the court's failure to advise appellant of her right to pursue a kinship adoption agreement violated her due process rights. We disagree.

I

In order to remove barriers to adoption by relatives and to preserve family relationships, the Family Code provides for adoption by a relative of a dependent child and for a written and signed kinship adoption agreement *409 between the relative and a birth parent, which shall be attached to and filed with a petition for adoption by the relative. (Fam.Code, §§ 8714.5, 8714.7.)[2] The agreement may include, but is limited to, visitation and future contact with the child and his or her siblings and half-siblings and the sharing of information about the child. (Fam.Code, § 8714.7, subd. (a).)[3]

The Family Code sets forth the obligations of the court and DHHS when a kinship adoption agreement has been filed with the petition for adoption. They include the following. DHHS is directed in its adoption report to "address whether the ... agreement is in the best interests of the child who is the subject of the petition." (Fam.Code, § 8715, subd. (c).) If the court finds the agreement is in the best interests of the child, it may include the post adoption privileges contained in the agreement in the decree of adoption. (Fam.Code, § 8714.7, subds.(a) and (b).) The court may approve the termination or modification of the agreement if, for example, the parties agree or it is in the best interests of the child. (Fam. Code, § 8714.7, subd. (h).) But the adoption *410 cannot be set aside for failure to follow the terms of the agreement. (Fam.Code, § 8714.7, subd. (e).)

Nothing contained in these provisions imposes an obligation on the juvenile court to order DHHS to provide the birth parents or others an opportunity to negotiate a kinship adoption agreement. Nor has the Legislature required the court to notify the birth parent of such an opportunity.

Appellant suggests an implied duty to do so can be inferred from section 366.26. Subdivision (a) of that section states in part that "[s]ection 8714.7 of the Family Code is applicable and available to all dependent children meeting the requirements of that section." Section 366.26 applies only to the termination of parental rights. Although the purpose of section 366.26 is to free the child for adoption and to set the adoption proceedings in motion, the provisions for adoption are contained in other sections of the Family Code (See, e.g., Fam.Code, §§ 8714, 8802, and 9000.) The reference to the Family Code contained in section 366.26, subdivision (a), serves only as a caution that the termination of parental rights does not preclude entry into a kinship adoption agreement pursuant to the provisions of sections 8714.5 and 8714.7 of the Family Code. The contrary assumption, implicit in appellant's argument, that the opportunity for the parties to consider a kinship adoption agreement is lost following the 366.26 proceeding, is incorrect. There is no time limit for entering a kinship adoption agreement prior to the entry of a decree of adoption providing the adopting relative has filed the signed agreement with the petition for adoption. (Fam.Code, § 8714.5, subd. (d).)

Appellant asserts a kinship adoption plan would promote the best interests of the minor "because it would provide both the security of a permanent, stable home with his adoptive parents and would also provide assurance of the right to continuing contact with his mother." Appellant may be correct that the minor's best interests would be promoted by guaranteeing him continued parental contact as well as the permanency afforded by a conventional adoption.

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Bluebook (online)
83 Cal. Rptr. 2d 407, 70 Cal. App. 4th 1392, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/in-re-zachary-d-calctapp-1999.