In re Thongta

480 B.R. 317, 2012 WL 5050669, 2012 Bankr. LEXIS 4907
CourtUnited States Bankruptcy Court, E.D. Wisconsin
DecidedOctober 18, 2012
DocketNo. 07-21837-svk
StatusPublished
Cited by4 cases

This text of 480 B.R. 317 (In re Thongta) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering United States Bankruptcy Court, E.D. Wisconsin primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
In re Thongta, 480 B.R. 317, 2012 WL 5050669, 2012 Bankr. LEXIS 4907 (Wis. 2012).

Opinion

MEMORANDUM DECISION ON OBJECTION OF U.S. BANK, N.A. TO NOTICE OF FINAL CURE PAYMENT

SUSAN V. KELLEY, Bankruptcy Judge.

This case involves the application of the new Chapter 13 notice provisions of Bankruptcy Rule 3002.1. Michael C. Thongta (the “Debtor”) filed a Chapter 13 petition on March 20, 2007. At the time of filing, the Debtor owned a residence located at 4926 North 90th Street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, encumbered by a mortgage held by Homecomings Financial (now U.S. Bank, N.A., as Trustee for RASC 2006KS5) (the “Creditor”). The mortgage was in default, and in his Chapter 13 plan, the Debtor proposed to cure the pre-petition defaults and maintain post-petition mortgage payments. (This is known as a “cure and maintain” plan in Chapter 13 parlance.)

When the Debtor defaulted on the post-petition mortgage payments, the Creditor requested relief from the automatic stay. See 11 U.S.C. § 362. On January 21, 2011, after a failed attempt to cure the defaults, the Court entered an Order granting the Creditor’s Motion. In addition to terminating the stay and enabling the Creditor to continue with foreclosure proceedings in state court, the Order states: “[A]ny and all claims filed by or on behalf of the [Creditor] are hereby deemed withdrawn and the trustee need not make any further disbursements thereon.”

The Debtor completed all payments under the plan in July 2012, and on August 27, 2012, the Chapter 13 Trustee, Thomas J. King (the “Trustee”), filed a Notice of Final Cure Payment (the “Notice”) and served a copy on the Creditor. The Debt- or received a discharge on September 11, 2012. The Creditor objected to the Trustee’s Notice, alleging that because the Creditor received relief from the stay, the Court should strike the Notice or find that the Creditor is not required to respond to the Notice. At a hearing on the Objection, the Trustee and the Creditor sought the Court’s guidance on application of the new Rule under these conditions.

Before addressing the merits, the Court confirms its authority to enter a final order in this proceeding pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 157(b)(2)(A). Under Stern v. Marshall, — U.S. -, 131 S.Ct. 2594, 180 L.Ed.2d 475 (2011), bankruptcy courts may not “enter final judgments on common law claims that are independent of federal bankruptcy law.” In re USA [319]*319Baby, Inc., 674 F.3d 882, 883-84 (7th Cir.2012). This contested matter does not concern such a claim. Rather, it involves interpreting and applying Bankruptcy Rule 3002.1, an administrative provision requiring creditors and trustees to provide certain notices. The Court has authority to enter a final order in this proceeding.

Rule 3002.1 is a procedural mechanism designed to effectuate the Chapter 13 policy goal of providing debtors a “fresh start.” In re Sheppard, 2012 WL 1344112, at *2, 2012 Bankr.LEXIS 1696, at *6 (Bankr.E.D.Va. April 17, 2012). Previously, debtors could emerge from bankruptcy facing significant post-petition mortgage obligations that they did not know existed because mortgage creditors, for fear of violating the automatic stay, would not inform debtors of post-petition charges. To combat the problem, courts adopted local rules or confirmed plans requiring mortgage lenders to disclose all post-petition charges. See, e.g., In re Ramsey, 421 B.R. 431, 435-36 (Bankr.M.D.Tenn.2009) (collecting cases).

With the enactment of Rule 3002.1, courts nationally are able to ensure that debtors who successfully complete “cure and maintain” Chapter 13 plans emerge from bankruptcy with either a fully current home mortgage or the knowledge of and ability to object to any claimed amounts due. The Rule’s structure is straightforward. The Rule is entitled “Notice Relating to Claims Secured by Security Interest in the Debtor’s Principal Residence.” Subsection (a) gives the application of the Rule: “This rule applies in a chapter 13 case to claims that are (1) secured by a security interest in the debt- or’s principal residence, and (2) provided for under § 1322(b)(5) of the Code in the debtor’s plan.” Subsections (b) and (c) require holders of such claims to provide notices of post-petition payment changes, fees, expenses and other charges. Subsection (d) provides that new Official Bankruptcy Forms prescribe the form and content of these notices. Either the debtor or the Chapter 13 trustee can object to any of the claimed fees, expenses, or other charges. Subsection (f) of the Rule is a “final safeguard.” Sheppard, 2012 WL 1344112, at *2-3, 2012 Bankr.LEXIS 1696, at *7. It provides:

(f) Notice of final cure payment. Within 30 days after the debtor completes all payments under the plan, the trustee shall file and serve on the holder of the claim, the debtor, and debtor’s counsel a notice stating that the debtor has paid in full the amount required to cure any default on the claim. The notice shall also inform the holder of its obligation to file and serve a response under subdivision (g). If the debtor contends that final cure payment has been made and all plan payments have been completed, and the trustee does not timely file and serve the notice required by this subdivision, the debtor may file and serve the notice.

Subsections (g) and (h) of the Rule govern the claim holder’s response to the trustee’s notice of final cure payment, and subsection (i) contains the Rule’s remedies for a creditor’s failure to comply with the Rule.

A critical component of Rule 3002.1 is providing a procedure for filing an accurate mortgage claim. In re Kraska, 2012 WL 1267993, *2, 2012 Bankr.LEXIS 1647, *5-6 (Bankr.N.D.Ohio Apr. 13, 2012) (creditor that received surrender of property and would be filing a deficiency claim required to comply with post-petition notice requirements). The Kraska court quoted Judge Wedoffs article on the Rule, as “ ‘designed to insure that individual debtors and trustees obtain information necessary to deal appropriately with creditor claims.’ ” Id. at *1, 2012 Bankr.LEXIS [320]*3201647, at *2 (quoting Eugene R. Wedoff, Proposed New Bankruptcy Rules on Creditor Disclosure and Creditor Enforcement of the Disclosures — Open for Comment, 83 Am. BankR. L.J. 579, 582 (2009)). After pointing out that “Aurora Bank will be filing a claim,” the court in Kraska required the Bank to continue to file and serve notices “for the calculation of the underlying claim.” Id. at *2, 2012 Bankr.LEXIS 1647, at *5-6.

By its terms, Rule 3002.1 applies only to creditors that have filed claims secured by a security interest in the debt- or’s residence. If there is no such claim, the Rule does not apply. In this case, the Creditor withdrew its claim on January 21, 2011 and thereafter was no longer a “holder of a claim” as provided for in the language of the Rule. Unlike in Krasko, the Creditor never intended to file a deficiency claim (an extremely rare event in a Wisconsin foreclosure). Since the Creditor no longer holds a claim secured by the Debt- or’s principal residence, the Rule does not apply to the Creditor. The Debtor is not prejudiced by this result, as nonbankrupt-cy law, including state foreclosure law and the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act (“RESPA”), will govern the Creditor’s required disclosures.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
480 B.R. 317, 2012 WL 5050669, 2012 Bankr. LEXIS 4907, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/in-re-thongta-wieb-2012.