In Re the Termination of the Parental Rights of Doe

386 P.3d 916, 161 Idaho 393, 2016 Ida. LEXIS 424
CourtIdaho Supreme Court
DecidedDecember 22, 2016
DocketDocket 44376-2016
StatusPublished
Cited by4 cases

This text of 386 P.3d 916 (In Re the Termination of the Parental Rights of Doe) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Idaho Supreme Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
In Re the Termination of the Parental Rights of Doe, 386 P.3d 916, 161 Idaho 393, 2016 Ida. LEXIS 424 (Idaho 2016).

Opinion

EISMANN, Justice.

This is an appeal out of Lincoln County from a judgment of the magistrate court terminating a mother’s parental rights in her three children. The only issue on appeal is the district court’s denial of the appointment of a guardian ad litem for the mother. We affirm the judgment of the magistrate court.

I.

Factual Background.

The Lincoln County Sheriff took three children into shelter care on July 10, 2013, pursuant to Idaho Code section 16-1608(1) on the ground that the children were endangered in their surroundings and that prompt removal was necessary to prevent serious physical or mental injury to the children. On the same day, the prosecuting attorney filed a petition under the Child Protective Act (“CPA”) and the magistrate court appointed a public defender to represent the children’s mother (“Mother”) and another public defender to represent the children’s father (“Father”). On the following day, the parties stipulated that the children had an unstable home environment and a lack of education, and on July 24, 2013, the court entered an order placing the children in the custody of the Idaho Department of Health and Welfare (“Department”) pending the adjudicatory hearing. The adjudicatory hearing was held on August 21, 2013. Mother did not appear, but her counsel was present as was the children’s father and his counsel. Based upon the stipulation to certain evidence by the parties present and the court taking judicial notice of two reports, the court found that the children were within the purview of the CPA. It ordered that legal custody of each of the children was vested in the Department until each child’s eighteenth birthday.

On May 29, 2015, the Department filed a petition to terminate the parental rights of *395 Mother and Father. The evidentiary hearing on that petition was held on March 29 and 30, 2016. On the morning of the first day of the hearing, Mother’s counsel, Mr. Pittard, stated that Mother requested a continuance because she did not feel she had had enough time to speak with him. He also stated that he would like the magistrate court to determine whether a guardian ad litem should be appointed for Mother pursuant to Idaho Code section 16-2007(6). The magistrate court denied the requested continuance and the appointment of a guardian ad litem. Based upon the evidence presented during the hearing, the court found that the parental rights of Mother and of Father should be terminated on the ground that they each had neglected the children and that termination of their parental rights was in the best interests of the children. The court entered its judgment on June 21, 2016, and an amended judgment on July 21, 2016. Mother timely appealed, but Father did not appeal. The factual basis for the court’s findings need not be addressed because Mother has not challenged the court’s findings of fact and conclusions of law on appeal.

II.

Did the Magistrate Court Err in Failing to Appoint a Guardian Ad Litem for Mother?

On the morning of the evidentiary hearing on the petition to terminate Mother’s parental rights, her counsel, Mr, Pittard, requested that the magistrate court determine whether Mother was incompetent so that a guardian ad litem would need to be appointed for her. The request for appointment of a guardian ad litem for Mother was based upon Idaho Code section 16-2007(6) which states:

When the termination of the parent and child relationship is sought and the parent is determined to be incompetent to participate in the proceeding, the court shall appoint a guardian ad litem for the alleged incompetent parent. The court may in any other ease appoint a guardian ad litem, as may be deemed necessary or desirable, for any party.

On May 29, 2013, Mother had been involuntarily committed to the custody of the Idaho Department of Health and Welfare based upon a court finding that she was suffering from a mental illness, was likely to injure herself or others, and lacked the capacity to make informed decisions about her treatment. On July 7, 2013, that commitment was terminated because the conditions justifying the commitment were found to no longer exist. The petition to terminate Mother’s parental rights was filed on May 29, 2016, almost two years after Mother’s commitment was terminated. Thus, at the time this proceeding was commenced, Mother was not determined to be incompetent.

Mother contends on appeal that once a petition is filed to terminate a parent’s parental rights, the trial court is required to make a competency determination. That is not what the statute provides. It simply provides that when such a determination is made, the court is required to appoint a guardian ad litem. No determination was requested in this case until the morning of the evidentiary hearing. In addition, incompeten-ey in a termination proceeding does not have the same consequences as incompeteney in a criminal proceeding. In a criminal case, a defendant determined to be incompetent cannot “be tried, convicted, sentenced or punished for the commission of an offense so long as such incapacity endures.” I.G. § 18-210. In a termination case, a guardian ad litem must be appointed for the parent but the proceedings can proceed.

Mother was represented by counsel throughout the CPA proceedings. In fact, Mr. Pittard had been appointed to represent her on May 16, 2016, near the end of the CPA proceedings. Court minutes for a hearing on July 1, 2015, show that Mr. Pittard was also representing Mother in a misdemeanor criminal proceeding in Jerome County-

The petition to terminate Mother’s parental rights was filed in the same case that had begun as a CPA proceeding, and the petition to terminate Mother’s parental rights was served upon Mr. Pittard. He withdrew as her counsel on July 6, 2015, and another attorney was appointed to represent her in the termi *396 nation proceedings. Mr. Pittard was reappointed to represent her on October 19, 2015, after the other attorney and Mother failed to appear on the first scheduled termination hearing and it was determined that he was no longer practicing law.

After Mr. Pittard asked the magistrate court to determine whether Mother was competent to proceed and, if not, to appoint a guardian ad litem for her, Mother was called as a witness and examined by Mr. Pittard and counsel for the other parties. Idaho Code section 16-2007(5) does not define the word “incompetent.” In context, it is incompetence “to participate in the proceeding.” Therefore, we interpret it to have the same meaning as in a criminal case: the parent’s lack of capacity to understand the proceedings against him or her or to assist in his or her own defense. Ridgley v. State, 148 Idaho 671, 677, 227 P.3d 925, 931 (2010). There is a difference between lack of capacity to understand the proceedings and to assist counsel and the unwillingness to participate in the proceedings or to assist counsel. From the magistrate court’s comments, it is apparent that it used this same standard in evaluating whether Mother was incompetent.

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Bluebook (online)
386 P.3d 916, 161 Idaho 393, 2016 Ida. LEXIS 424, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/in-re-the-termination-of-the-parental-rights-of-doe-idaho-2016.