FILED OCTOBER 23, 2018 In the Office of the Clerk of Court WA State Court of Appeals, Division III
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON DIVISION THREE
In the Matter of the Marriage of ) No. 35207-2-III ) CATHRINE J. MARCHESSEAULT, ) ) Appellant, ) ) UNPUBLISHED OPINION and ) ) CHAD E. MARCHESSEAULT, ) ) Respondent. )
PENNELL, J. — Cathrine Marchesseault, now known as Cathrine Roe, appeals
various aspects of a superior court ruling denying her motion to vacate a parenting plan.
We affirm.
FACTS
Cathrine Roe and Chad Marchesseault separated in the summer of 2014. They
share three children. The parties’ dissolution was very contentious. Ms. Roe has made
allegations of domestic violence against Mr. Marchesseault. Those allegations have
never been proved in any legal proceedings.
During the parties’ December 2015 parenting plan trial, the court heard testimony
from Joan Chase, a mental health therapist who had been appointed for the parties’
children. Ms. Chase had been referred to work on the case by the assigned guardian ad No. 35207-2-III In re Marriage of Marchesseault
litem (GAL). But by the time of trial, the GAL was unable to participate due to a conflict
of interest. The court allowed Ms. Chase to testify about her recommendations for the
children, given the absence of input from a GAL. Ms. Chase testified the children were
not abused by Mr. Marchesseault nor were they afraid of him. Ms. Chase also believed
Ms. Roe had been involved in coaching the parties’ children. The trial court appears not
to have placed much emphasis on Ms. Chase’s testimony, as it commented Ms. Chase
appeared biased in favor of Mr. Marchesseault.
It is evident from the December 22, 2015, oral findings and ruling that the trial
court had concerns about both parties’ credibility. The court ultimately designated
Ms. Roe and Mr. Marchesseault as joint custodians of the children with equal residential
time. The court declined Ms. Roe’s request to relocate the children to Florida. The court
indicated that if Ms. Roe still chose to move during the time that Mr. Marchesseault’s
military assignment kept him in Spokane, the children would be placed with Mr.
Marchesseault. The final order on the parenting plan was entered on February 1, 2016.
The order was not appealed.
While the parties litigated the parenting plan, disputes arose over two pieces of
personal property relevant to this appeal: a laptop computer and an Amazon Kindle.
The laptop had been in Mr. Marchesseault’s possession and the Kindle belonged to
Mr. Marchesseault, but he left the Kindle in the possession of the parties’ children.
2 No. 35207-2-III In re Marriage of Marchesseault
Under the terms of the court’s orders, Ms. Roe was to be given access to the laptop
so she could review and copy some personal files. However, by the time Mr.
Marchesseault provided Ms. Roe the laptop, nearly all of her files were gone. Ms. Roe
discovered the laptop’s hard drive had been replaced and that Mr. Marchesseault had
made a forensic copy of the old hard drive. Based on this information, Ms. Roe filed a
motion for contempt. The court granted the motion and ordered Ms. Roe be provided the
forensic image of the original hard drive that had been obtained by Mr. Marchesseault.
The court also ruled that because Mr. Marchesseault misappropriated the laptop and hard
drive and shared it with a third party for forensic imaging, he had waived attorney-client
privilege as to items on the laptop and its hard drive.
Shortly after the court’s ruling regarding the laptop, Ms. Roe filed a motion to
vacate the final parenting plan. A motion under CR 60(b)(4) was filed on May 25, 2016,
and an amended or corrected motion under CR 60(b)(3), CR 60(b)(4), and CR 59(b) was
filed on June 17. Attached to Ms. Roe’s motions to vacate were numerous e-mails
between Mr. Marchesseault and his attorney. Ms. Roe had recovered the e-mails from
Mr. Marchesseault’s Kindle that had still been in use by the parties’ children.
The court denied Ms. Roe’s motion to vacate. The court also ruled Ms. Roe had
improperly intercepted attorney-client privileged e-mails from Mr. Marchesseault’s
Kindle. The court ruled it would not consider the intercepted e-mails in its ruling on
3 No. 35207-2-III In re Marriage of Marchesseault
Ms. Roe’s motion to vacate. The court ordered “that any privileged material be stricken
from the court file” and “none of these privileged documents shall be used in any future
filings before the court.” Clerk’s Papers at 2199. Although the trial court declined to
disqualify Ms. Roe’s attorney from further representation, it did impose a $2,500
sanction.
Ms. Roe appeals the trial court’s order denying her motion to vacate and the order
redacting the court file and granting sanctions to Mr. Marchesseault.
ANALYSIS
Motion to vacate parenting plan
A trial court’s decision on a motion to vacate under CR 60(b) is reviewed for
manifest abuse of discretion. Jones v. City of Seattle, 179 Wn.2d 322, 360, 314 P.3d 380
(2013); In re Parentage of Goude, 152 Wn. App. 784, 790, 219 P.3d 717 (2009) (citing
In re Marriage of Tang, 57 Wn. App. 648, 653, 789 P.2d 118 (1990)). The court abuses
its discretion when it bases its decision on untenable grounds or untenable reasons. Tang,
57 Wn. App. at 653. An appeal from the denial of such a motion under CR 60(b) is
limited to the propriety of the denial. State v. Santos, 104 Wn.2d 142, 145, 702 P.2d 1179
(1985); Bjurstrom v. Campbell, 27 Wn. App. 449, 450-51, 618 P.2d 533 (1980). It does
not resurrect an appeal of issues pertinent only to the underlying judgment. Id.
4 No. 35207-2-III In re Marriage of Marchesseault
Relevant here, CR 60(b) permits relief from a final order on a showing of:
“(3) Newly discovered evidence which by due diligence could not have been discovered
in time to move for a new trial under rule 59(b),” or “(4) Fraud (whether heretofore
denominated intrinsic or extrinsic), misrepresentation, or other misconduct of an adverse
party.” Under the “newly discovered evidence” standard, the evidence a party presents in
their CR 60(b)(3) motion must truly be newly discovered rather than evidence that was
available but not presented at trial. See In re Marriage of Knutson, 114 Wn. App. 866,
872, 60 P.3d 681 (2003). In addition, the evidence must be sufficiently important that it
could “probably change the result if a new trial were granted.” Jones, 179 Wn.2d at 360.
Under CR 60(b)(4), a party must establish fraud, misrepresentation, or misconduct by
clear and convincing evidence. Lindgren v. Lindgren, 58 Wn. App. 588, 596, 794 P.2d
526 (1990). Relief under CR 60(b)(4) is only authorized if the alleged fraud actually
caused the entry of judgment “such that the losing party was prevented from fully and
fairly presenting its case or defense.” Id.
The trial court excluded much of the information submitted by Ms. Roe in support
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FILED OCTOBER 23, 2018 In the Office of the Clerk of Court WA State Court of Appeals, Division III
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON DIVISION THREE
In the Matter of the Marriage of ) No. 35207-2-III ) CATHRINE J. MARCHESSEAULT, ) ) Appellant, ) ) UNPUBLISHED OPINION and ) ) CHAD E. MARCHESSEAULT, ) ) Respondent. )
PENNELL, J. — Cathrine Marchesseault, now known as Cathrine Roe, appeals
various aspects of a superior court ruling denying her motion to vacate a parenting plan.
We affirm.
FACTS
Cathrine Roe and Chad Marchesseault separated in the summer of 2014. They
share three children. The parties’ dissolution was very contentious. Ms. Roe has made
allegations of domestic violence against Mr. Marchesseault. Those allegations have
never been proved in any legal proceedings.
During the parties’ December 2015 parenting plan trial, the court heard testimony
from Joan Chase, a mental health therapist who had been appointed for the parties’
children. Ms. Chase had been referred to work on the case by the assigned guardian ad No. 35207-2-III In re Marriage of Marchesseault
litem (GAL). But by the time of trial, the GAL was unable to participate due to a conflict
of interest. The court allowed Ms. Chase to testify about her recommendations for the
children, given the absence of input from a GAL. Ms. Chase testified the children were
not abused by Mr. Marchesseault nor were they afraid of him. Ms. Chase also believed
Ms. Roe had been involved in coaching the parties’ children. The trial court appears not
to have placed much emphasis on Ms. Chase’s testimony, as it commented Ms. Chase
appeared biased in favor of Mr. Marchesseault.
It is evident from the December 22, 2015, oral findings and ruling that the trial
court had concerns about both parties’ credibility. The court ultimately designated
Ms. Roe and Mr. Marchesseault as joint custodians of the children with equal residential
time. The court declined Ms. Roe’s request to relocate the children to Florida. The court
indicated that if Ms. Roe still chose to move during the time that Mr. Marchesseault’s
military assignment kept him in Spokane, the children would be placed with Mr.
Marchesseault. The final order on the parenting plan was entered on February 1, 2016.
The order was not appealed.
While the parties litigated the parenting plan, disputes arose over two pieces of
personal property relevant to this appeal: a laptop computer and an Amazon Kindle.
The laptop had been in Mr. Marchesseault’s possession and the Kindle belonged to
Mr. Marchesseault, but he left the Kindle in the possession of the parties’ children.
2 No. 35207-2-III In re Marriage of Marchesseault
Under the terms of the court’s orders, Ms. Roe was to be given access to the laptop
so she could review and copy some personal files. However, by the time Mr.
Marchesseault provided Ms. Roe the laptop, nearly all of her files were gone. Ms. Roe
discovered the laptop’s hard drive had been replaced and that Mr. Marchesseault had
made a forensic copy of the old hard drive. Based on this information, Ms. Roe filed a
motion for contempt. The court granted the motion and ordered Ms. Roe be provided the
forensic image of the original hard drive that had been obtained by Mr. Marchesseault.
The court also ruled that because Mr. Marchesseault misappropriated the laptop and hard
drive and shared it with a third party for forensic imaging, he had waived attorney-client
privilege as to items on the laptop and its hard drive.
Shortly after the court’s ruling regarding the laptop, Ms. Roe filed a motion to
vacate the final parenting plan. A motion under CR 60(b)(4) was filed on May 25, 2016,
and an amended or corrected motion under CR 60(b)(3), CR 60(b)(4), and CR 59(b) was
filed on June 17. Attached to Ms. Roe’s motions to vacate were numerous e-mails
between Mr. Marchesseault and his attorney. Ms. Roe had recovered the e-mails from
Mr. Marchesseault’s Kindle that had still been in use by the parties’ children.
The court denied Ms. Roe’s motion to vacate. The court also ruled Ms. Roe had
improperly intercepted attorney-client privileged e-mails from Mr. Marchesseault’s
Kindle. The court ruled it would not consider the intercepted e-mails in its ruling on
3 No. 35207-2-III In re Marriage of Marchesseault
Ms. Roe’s motion to vacate. The court ordered “that any privileged material be stricken
from the court file” and “none of these privileged documents shall be used in any future
filings before the court.” Clerk’s Papers at 2199. Although the trial court declined to
disqualify Ms. Roe’s attorney from further representation, it did impose a $2,500
sanction.
Ms. Roe appeals the trial court’s order denying her motion to vacate and the order
redacting the court file and granting sanctions to Mr. Marchesseault.
ANALYSIS
Motion to vacate parenting plan
A trial court’s decision on a motion to vacate under CR 60(b) is reviewed for
manifest abuse of discretion. Jones v. City of Seattle, 179 Wn.2d 322, 360, 314 P.3d 380
(2013); In re Parentage of Goude, 152 Wn. App. 784, 790, 219 P.3d 717 (2009) (citing
In re Marriage of Tang, 57 Wn. App. 648, 653, 789 P.2d 118 (1990)). The court abuses
its discretion when it bases its decision on untenable grounds or untenable reasons. Tang,
57 Wn. App. at 653. An appeal from the denial of such a motion under CR 60(b) is
limited to the propriety of the denial. State v. Santos, 104 Wn.2d 142, 145, 702 P.2d 1179
(1985); Bjurstrom v. Campbell, 27 Wn. App. 449, 450-51, 618 P.2d 533 (1980). It does
not resurrect an appeal of issues pertinent only to the underlying judgment. Id.
4 No. 35207-2-III In re Marriage of Marchesseault
Relevant here, CR 60(b) permits relief from a final order on a showing of:
“(3) Newly discovered evidence which by due diligence could not have been discovered
in time to move for a new trial under rule 59(b),” or “(4) Fraud (whether heretofore
denominated intrinsic or extrinsic), misrepresentation, or other misconduct of an adverse
party.” Under the “newly discovered evidence” standard, the evidence a party presents in
their CR 60(b)(3) motion must truly be newly discovered rather than evidence that was
available but not presented at trial. See In re Marriage of Knutson, 114 Wn. App. 866,
872, 60 P.3d 681 (2003). In addition, the evidence must be sufficiently important that it
could “probably change the result if a new trial were granted.” Jones, 179 Wn.2d at 360.
Under CR 60(b)(4), a party must establish fraud, misrepresentation, or misconduct by
clear and convincing evidence. Lindgren v. Lindgren, 58 Wn. App. 588, 596, 794 P.2d
526 (1990). Relief under CR 60(b)(4) is only authorized if the alleged fraud actually
caused the entry of judgment “such that the losing party was prevented from fully and
fairly presenting its case or defense.” Id.
The trial court excluded much of the information submitted by Ms. Roe in support
of her motion because it was protected by attorney-client privilege. As noted by the trial
court, the contempt order pertaining to the laptop did not extend to Mr. Marchesseault’s
Kindle. To the extent Ms. Roe and her attorney used Mr. Marchesseault’s Kindle to
access communications with his attorney, they improperly accessed privileged
5 No. 35207-2-III In re Marriage of Marchesseault
communications. The trial court appropriately exercised its discretion in excluding the
protected e-mails from consideration on Ms. Roe’s motion. 1
With respect to the remaining information supplied by Ms. Roe, the trial court
determined it was not material and would not have altered the court’s parenting plan.
This determination fell well within the trial court’s “considerable discretion” and
therefore does not qualify for relief on appeal. Jones, 179 Wn.2d at 361; Lindgren,
58 Wn. App. at 595-96.
Imposition of sanctions
Ms. Roe argues the trial court improperly imposed sanctions because the prior
contempt order against Mr. Marchesseault waived attorney-client privilege as to e-mails
1 Even if the e-mails had not been struck from the record, Ms. Roe would not be able to make a claim for relief under CR 60(b)(3) or (4). Assuming for the sake of argument that it was proper for Ms. Roe to lay bare the content of Mr. Marchesseault’s e-mails, she has not demonstrated the e-mails were otherwise undiscoverable through due diligence. The e-mails submitted by Ms. Roe were dated from January 2014 to January 2015. Trial was held in December 2015. Given Ms. Roe had continued access to the Kindle, and by her own admission was able to read some e-mails on the Kindle prior to trial, Ms. Roe cannot establish the e-mails met the terms of newly discovery evidence as contemplated by CR 60(b)(3). In addition, the primary reason Ms. Roe claims the e-mails were relevant was to undercut the testimony of Joan Chase. But the court’s oral trial ruling already recognized Ms. Chase was biased. The information before the court at the parenting plan trial was sufficient to demonstrate Mr. Marchesseault had exerted significant influence on Ms. Chase. Ms. Roe does not demonstrate that additional evidence of influence would have materially affected the outcome of the case as required for relief under CR 60(b)(4).
6 No. 35207-2-III In re Marriage of Marchesseault
on the Kindle. As previously stated, this argument misconstrues the record. The
contempt order was specific to the laptop. It did not cover the Kindle. Nor did it
contemplate Ms. Roe would access web-based e-mails simply because those e-mails also
could have been accessed from the laptop. The trial court accurately concluded that it had
never ordered a waiver of privilege as to e-mails accessed from Mr. Marchesseault’s
Kindle.
Given the lack of any court order pertaining to e-mails on the Kindle, the trial
court appropriately found Ms. Roe’s attorney should have affirmatively taken protective
measures on discovering the intercepted e-mails between Mr. Marchesseault and his
attorney. CR 26(b)(6); RPC 4.4(b). Had protective measures been taken, the court may
well have reviewed the e-mails in camera to determine whether an exception to privilege
might apply. But due to the lack of protective measures, the trial court acted within its
discretion to impose a monetary penalty in lieu of attorney disqualification. The court’s
penalty assessment is therefore affirmed.
Joan Chase, court-appointed child therapist, as an expert witness
Ms. Roe argues the trial court erred in allowing Ms. Chase to testify as an expert
witness at the parenting plan trial. This is an issue pertaining to the court’s parenting plan
decision, not the motion to vacate. Because Ms. Roe did not appeal the parenting plan
order, the rulings underlying that judgment cannot be asserted as part of the current
7 No. 35207-2-111 In re Marriage of Marchesseault
appeal. State v. Gaut, 111 Wn. App. 875, 881, 46 P.3d 832 (2002) ("[A]n unappealed
final judgment cannot be restored to an appellate track by means of moving to vacate and
appealing the denial of the motion.").
ATIORNEY FEES
Mr. Marchesseault requests an attorney fee award under RAP 18.9(a), which
allows sanctions based on a frivolous appeal. We decline to exercise our discretion to
grant this request for fees.
CONCLUSION
The orders of the superior court are affirmed.
A majority of the panel has determined this opinion will not be printed in the
Washington Appellate Reports, but it will be filed for public record pursuant to
RCW 2.06.040.
Pennell, J. WE CONCUR: