In re the Appeal in Pima County Juvenile Delinquency Action No. 89248-01

764 P.2d 752, 159 Ariz. 17, 12 Ariz. Adv. Rep. 21, 1988 Ariz. App. LEXIS 249
CourtCourt of Appeals of Arizona
DecidedJuly 7, 1988
DocketNo. 2 CA-JV 88-0016
StatusPublished

This text of 764 P.2d 752 (In re the Appeal in Pima County Juvenile Delinquency Action No. 89248-01) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Arizona primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
In re the Appeal in Pima County Juvenile Delinquency Action No. 89248-01, 764 P.2d 752, 159 Ariz. 17, 12 Ariz. Adv. Rep. 21, 1988 Ariz. App. LEXIS 249 (Ark. Ct. App. 1988).

Opinion

OPINION

HATHAWAY, Judge.

On January 6, 1988, the state filed a delinquency petition alleging that the minor had committed numerous violations of the law. Simultaneously, the state filed a petition requesting that the juvenile court waive its jurisdiction and order the minor transferred for criminal prosecution. The state subsequently amended the delinquency petition, alleging the following: 28 counts of aggravated assault, 25 counts of kidnapping, two counts of theft, one count of ’ first-degree burglary, and one count of armed robbery. An amended petition to transfer the minor for criminal prosecution was filed simultaneously with the amended delinquency petition.

At the initial detention hearing, the court heard testimony from Dr. Gabriel Cata and ordered that the minor be transferred to Palo Verde Mental Health Hospital’s intensive locked unit for evaluation to determine whether he would be a danger to himself or others if detained in the Pima County Juvenile Court Detention Facility.

Following an evidentiary hearing in the first phase of the transfer proceeding, the court found probable cause as to 35 of the alleged offenses. Ariz.R.Juv.Ct.P. 14(b), 17A A.R.S. The court ordered that Dr. Todd Flynn conduct an examination of the minor for purposes of the second phase of the transfer proceeding, also known as the amenability hearing.

At the amenability hearing, the court heard testimony regarding the minor’s mental state from Drs. Flynn and Cata. In its minute entry dated February 16, 1988, the court specifically considered the factors enumerated in Rule 14(c) and made the following findings:

That, except for Rule 12 [Ariz.R.Juv.Ct.P. 12, 17A A.R.S.], the Court would transfer the minor to Adult Court but for the fact that Rule 12 states that the Court shall not transfer a minor for criminal prosecution who is commitable to an institution for mentally ill persons.
The Court SPECIFICALLY FINDS that at this time, the minor is suffering from a major depression and is dangerous to himself.
IT IS THEREFORE ORDERED that this matter is suspended, and the Court will take steps to have the minor evaluated further pursuant to Title 36.
The Court notes specifically, for the record, that it is only the present mental state of the minor which precludes the Court from transferring this case to the adult system, the Court believing that this is a case which appropriately should be handled in the adult system, there being no probability of reasonable reha[19]*19bilitative services being provided the minor prior to his 18th birthday.

On the same day, the state filed a petition for evaluation of the minor pursuant to A.R.S. § 36-523. After the juvenile judge made the findings quoted above, he set an evidentiary hearing on the petition for evaluation. The parties stipulated that the court would consider the prior testimony of Drs. Flynn and Cata, and additional written evaluations by Dr. Kevin Leehey and Dr. Peter J. Lusche were also admitted into evidence. Counsel also stipulated that two witnesses were available to testify that the minor had attempted to ingest substances which could have caused his demise during the period of time that he was hospitalized. The minor’s counsel requested permission to seek placement of the minor at a facility other than the Arizona State Hospital and, upon agreement by the state, the minor was placed in the custody of Dr. Roy Fano-ni, M.D., a psychiatrist at Timber Lane Psychiatric Hospital in Dallas, Texas.

On appeal, the minor argues that the juvenile court exceeded its authority and committed error when it suspended the transfer proceedings. He contends that the suspension resulted in a de facto transfer for criminal prosecution because his eighteenth birthday will pass before the matter is resolved.1 For the reasons stated below, we affirm the juvenile court’s order.

Pursuant to Rule 12(a), the county attorney may request that the juvenile court waive its jurisdiction and order a minor transferred for criminal prosecution. Rule 12(d) provides that the juvenile court “shall not transfer a child for criminal prosecution who is commitable to an institution for mentally deficient, mentally defective or mentally ill persons.” Rule 14, which governs the transfer determination, states in subsection (f):

If the child is not ordered transferred, the court shall hear and dispose of the case or assign it to another judge, court commissioner or referee for hearing.

Therefore, once the juvenile court judge conducts an evaluation of the minor and determines that the minor is commitable, the court is precluded under Rule 12(d) from ordering a transfer, but required under Rule 14(f) to “dispose of the case” or assign it to another judge for a hearing.

Generally, the juvenile court’s denial of a petition to transfer would result in that court’s retaining jurisdiction and disposing of the case as a delinquency proceeding. It is the law, however, that a minor may not be tried in a delinquency adjudication hearing while the minor is mentally incompetent. Johnson v. Rose, 126 Ariz. 127, 128, 613 P.2d 287, 288 (1980). Our supreme court has directed that the determination of a minor’s mental competency for purposes of a delinquency adjudication must be made by following the adult procedure set forth in Ariz.R.Crim.P. 11, 17 A.R.S. State ex rel. Dandoy v. Superior Court, 127 Ariz. 184, 187, 619 P.2d 12, 15 (1980). Had the judge set the case for delinquency proceedings, the competency determination under Dandoy and criminal Rule 11 would have yielded the same result. Even if we interpret Rule 14(f) strictly to require a disposition where transfer is not ordered, the only possible disposition here would have been dismissal of the delinquency petition. The minor’s eighteenth birthday would have resulted in a loss of juvenile court jurisdiction in any event. Ariz. Const., art. 6 § 15; Pima County Juvenile Action No. J-70107-2, 149 Ariz. 35, 36, 716 P.2d 404, 405 (1986). The minor has made no claim that, prior to the juvenile court’s loss of jurisdiction, he regained competence and the court could have proceeded but did not. Additionally, we note that the state always has discretion in any delinquency proceeding to dismiss a petition in anticipation of a minor’s attaining the age of majority and to file adult criminal charges thereafter. See McBeth v. Rose, 111 Ariz. 399, 403, 531 P.2d 156, 160 (1975).

In the instant case, the juvenile judge had no choice but to suspend the proceedings. The minor, being mentally incompetent, could not be adjudicated delinquent. While Rule 14(f) requires disposition or reassignment to a different judge, we do not find the failure to have the commitment [20]*20hearing before a different judge to be fundamental error.

The minor relies on Coleman v. Superior Court, 110 Ariz. 386,

Related

State v. Shaw
378 P.2d 487 (Arizona Supreme Court, 1963)
In Re the Appeal in Pima County Juvenile Action No. J-70107-2
716 P.2d 404 (Arizona Supreme Court, 1986)
Anonymous v. Superior Court in & for the County of Pima
457 P.2d 956 (Court of Appeals of Arizona, 1969)
Coleman v. Superior Court in & for County of Pima
519 P.2d 851 (Arizona Supreme Court, 1974)
McBeth v. Rose
531 P.2d 156 (Arizona Supreme Court, 1975)
State Ex Rel. Dandoy v. Superior Court
619 P.2d 12 (Arizona Supreme Court, 1980)
Johnson v. Rose
613 P.2d 287 (Arizona Supreme Court, 1980)

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Bluebook (online)
764 P.2d 752, 159 Ariz. 17, 12 Ariz. Adv. Rep. 21, 1988 Ariz. App. LEXIS 249, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/in-re-the-appeal-in-pima-county-juvenile-delinquency-action-no-89248-01-arizctapp-1988.