In re Ten Thousand Six Hundred Eighty Dollars ($10,680.00)

728 A.2d 403, 1999 Pa. Commw. LEXIS 223
CourtCommonwealth Court of Pennsylvania
DecidedMarch 29, 1999
StatusPublished
Cited by8 cases

This text of 728 A.2d 403 (In re Ten Thousand Six Hundred Eighty Dollars ($10,680.00)) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
In re Ten Thousand Six Hundred Eighty Dollars ($10,680.00), 728 A.2d 403, 1999 Pa. Commw. LEXIS 223 (Pa. Ct. App. 1999).

Opinion

KELLEY, Judge.

The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania appeals from an order of the Court of Common Pleas of Allegheny County (trial court) entered August 23, 1996 granting Elizabeth Ly’s motion to return seized property. We affirm.

On July 23, 1996, a search warrant was executed at 4927 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.1 A business known as American Foods Distributors is located at 4927 Penn Avenue. The name of the owner/oceu-pant or possessor of the premises was listed on the search warrant as Tai Thi Nguyen. Present at 4927 Penn Avenue at the time the search was executed was Elizabeth Ly who also is known as Tai Nguyen. During the search, officers searched Ly’s purse and confiscated $10,680 in cash.

On August 7, 1996, Ly filed a motion to return seized property. Therein, Ly alleged that the police entered the premises where she was working and seized documents, 571 •cartons of cigarettes, and $10,680 in currency, $61.00 which was found in the cash register and $10,619 which was allegedly found in [405]*405her purse. Ly alleged further that almost all the items had been returned except the $10,-680. Ly alleged that no criminal charges were brought against anyone in the store in relation to the seizure. Ly also alleged that the seizure of the $10,680 was obtained in violation of the Fourth Amendment of the United States Constitution and Article 1, Section 8 of the Pennsylvania Constitution. Ly alleged that: (1) the warrant was issued without probable cause; (2) the search and seizure of the purse and its contents was beyond the scope of the probable cause and beyond the scope of the persons or premises to be searched as set forth in the warrant; and (3) no other legal basis existed to justify the seizure of the currency in question. A hearing was scheduled for August 20, 1996.

Hearings were then held on August 20, 21 and 23. During the hearing on August 20, 1996, the Commonwealth requested a postponement of the proceedings because the Commonwealth had only twelve days notice that the money had been confiscated and that it was preparing to file an affirmative forfeiture petition including interrogatories and request for production of documents. The trial court denied the Commonwealth’s request for a postponement.

On August 21, 1996, the Commonwealth filed a petition for forfeiture alleging therein that the seizure was the result of an investigation into the sales and purchase of stolen goods and other crimes and that the $10,680 was derivative contraband. Therefore, the Commonwealth alleged that the money was subject to forfeiture. Based on the filing of the petition for forfeiture, the Commonwealth requested that the proceedings on the motion for return of seized property be held in abeyance until discovery had been completed with respect to the petition for forfeiture. The trial court denied the Commonwealth’s request. During the hearing on August 23,1996, the Commonwealth filed interrogatories in aid of forfeiture directed to Ly and her daughter, Thi Loan Ly.

Ly testified before the trial court in support of the motion to return seized property. Based on her testimony, which the trial court accepted as credible, the trial court found as follows. Ly was the manager of American U.S.A. Food Distributors, the premises where the search warrant was executed. Ly had taken $10,000 from her safety deposit box at Pittsburgh National Bank’s Bloomfield office. The purpose for obtaining thé funds was to lend money to her ex-husband. Ly had saved the money over a period of time from various sources of income including her manager’s position and from rent from apartment buildings she owned. The $10,000 in cash was in consecutively numbered 100 dollar bills and non-consecutively numbered 100 dollar and 50 dollar bills. When Ly would accumulate a certain sum of cash she would exchange that cash for larger bills at the bank.

The trial court found further that the Commonwealth failed to introduce any evidence, which would support a finding that the cash was contraband, and/or derivative contraband. The trial court concluded that the Commonwealth failed to show a nexus between the cash in question and any alleged criminal activity. The trial court pointed out that neither Ly nor the subject of the search, Tai Thi Nguyen, had ever been charged with a criminal offense. Finally, the trial court concluded that there was no evidence that any contraband was seized as a result of the search.

Accordingly, the trial court orally granted the motion to return seized property, denied the Commonwealth’s motion to forfeit, ordered that the search of L/s purse was an illegal search and seizure, ordered that the $10,000 be returned to Ly, and ordered that the $680 be held until the rights to such money could be determined. After a request by the Commonwealth to enter an adverse order, the trial court issued a written order of its ruling. This appeal followed.

On appeal, the Commonwealth raises the following issues:

1. Whether trial court improperly deprived the Commonwealth of due process that it is entitled to under the Pennsylvania Rules of Civil Procedure with regard to the petition for forfeiture and the motion for return of seized property.
[406]*4062. Whether the trial court abused its discretion in denying the Commonwealth a postponement in this case.
3. Whether the Commonwealth’s petition for forfeiture was properly before the trial court.
4. Whether the suppression issue was properly before the trial court and whether the trial court erred, as a matter of law, in ruling that the Commonwealth’s seizure of the money from the purse was unconstitutional.

Initially, we note that this court’s scope of review is limited to examining whether the findings of fact made by the trial court are supported by competent evidence, and whether the trial court abused its discretion or committed an error of law. Commonwealth v. Fontanez, 679 A.2d 1361 (Pa.Cmwlth.1996), petition for allowance of appeal granted, 547 Pa. 732, 689 A.2d 236 (1997). A trial court abuses its discretion if, in reaching a conclusion, the law is overridden or misapplied or judgment exercised is manifestly unreasonable or is the result of partiality, prejudice, bias, or ill will. Van Dine v. Gyuriska, 552 Pa. 122, 713 A.2d 1104 (1998). An abuse of discretion is not merely an error of judgment. Id.

In support of the first three issues, the Commonwealth argues that the trial court deprived the Commonwealth of due process by denying it the opportunity to take advantage of discovery with respect to its petition for forfeiture as set forth in the Rules of Civil Procedure. In addition, the trial court erred in denying the Commonwealth’s requests for continuance so that adequate discovery and production of witnesses could be obtained.

The Commonwealth contends that it had little or no time to prepare for the trial court proceedings in this case and that it was denied all discovery rights in this matter. The Commonwealth points out that it requested a postponement on August 20, 1996, which the trial court denied.

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Bluebook (online)
728 A.2d 403, 1999 Pa. Commw. LEXIS 223, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/in-re-ten-thousand-six-hundred-eighty-dollars-1068000-pacommwct-1999.