In The Court of Appeals Seventh District of Texas at Amarillo ________________________
No. 07-22-00031-CV ________________________
IN RE STEPHEN PATRICK BLACK, RELATOR
Original Proceeding Arising From Proceedings Before the 154th District Court Lamb County, Texas Trial Court No. DCV-20106-CV; Honorable Felix Klein, Presiding
January 25, 2022
OPINION Before QUINN, C.J., and PIRTLE and PARKER, JJ.
Relator, Stephen Patrick Black, proceeding pro se and in forma pauperis, seeks a
writ of mandamus against the Honorable Felix Klein to compel him to render a final
judgment in a pending suit and provide him with notice of the judgment. He presents two
issues asserting abuse of discretion by the trial court in not timely entering a final
judgment for him to pursue post-judgment and appellate remedies. For the reasons
expressed herein, we deny Relator’s petition. BACKGROUND
Relator is civilly committed in the Texas Civil Commitment Center which houses
and supervises violently sexual predators. He is familiar with the legal system. He has
pursued numerous appeals and original proceedings. 1 In 2019, he filed a libel suit against
Charles P. Woodrick, a treating psychologist at the Center. The trial court dismissed the
suit and Black successfully appealed the dismissal to this court. See Black v. Woodrick,
No. 07-20-00083-CV, 2021 Tex. App. LEXIS 2197, at *6 (Tex. App.—Amarillo March 23,
2021, no pet.) (mem. op.). According to Relator’s petition, on remand of the case,
Woodrick filed a motion for summary judgment and Relator filed a motion in opposition.
The trial court held a virtual hearing on the motions on October 25, 2021. At the
conclusion of the hearing, the trial court announced it was taking the matter under
advisement and would rule at a future date. No additional briefing was requested.
On January 21, 2022, Relator filed his petition for writ of mandamus, wherein he
included copies of file-stamped letters he mailed to the trial court clerk inquiring on the
status of a judgment in his case on November 8 and November 22, 2021. He also
included a file-stamped copy of a Motion to Set Hearing by Submission on Disposition of
1 A non-exhaustive list of those filings includes the following cases: Black v. McLane, No. 07-19- 00241-CV, 2021 Tex. App. LEXIS 2195 (Tex. App.—Amarillo May 21, 2021, no pet.) (mem. op.); Black v. Woodrick, No. 07-20-00083-CV, 2021 Tex. App. LEXIS 2197 (Tex. App.—Amarillo March 23, 2021, no pet.) (mem. op.); In re Black, No. 07-20-00363-CV, 2021 Tex. App. LEXIS 1163 (Tex. App.—Amarillo Feb. 12, 2021, orig. proceeding); In re Commitment of Black, 594 S.W.3d 590 (Tex. App.—San Antonio 2019, no pet.); In re Black, No. 04-19-00107-CV, 2019 Tex. App. LEXIS 3900 (Tex. App.—San Antonio May 15, 2019, orig. proceeding); In re Black, No. 04-19-00094-CV, 2019 Tex. App. LEXIS 1962 (Tex. App.—San Antonio March 13, 2019, orig. proceeding); In re Commitment of Black, No. 04-19-00001-CV, 2019 Tex. App. LEXIS 1019 (Tex. App.—San Antonio Feb. 13, 2019, no pet.) (mem. op.); In re Black, No. 04-18- 00700-CV, 2018 Tex. App. LEXIS 9973 (Tex. App.—San Antonio Dec. 5, 2018, orig. proceeding); In re Commitment of Black, 522 S.W.3d 2 (Tex. App.—San Antonio 2017, pet. denied).
2 Case that he filed on December 27, 2021. He asserts he has made numerous phone
calls which have not provided him with a resolution.
By his first issue, Relator contends the trial court abused its discretion in not ruling
in a timely manner. By his second issue, he maintains the trial court abused its discretion
in denying him due process by failing to notify him of a final judgment so that he may
pursue post-judgment and appellate remedies. At this time, we disagree with his
contentions.
MANDAMUS STANDARD OF REVIEW
Mandamus is an extraordinary remedy granted only when a relator can show that
(1) the trial court abused its discretion and (2) that no adequate appellate remedy exists.
In re N. Cypress Med. Ctr. Operating Co., 559 S.W.3d 128, 130 (Tex. 2018) (orig.
proceeding); In re H.E.B. Grocery Co., L.P., 492 S.W.3d 300, 302 (Tex. 2016) (orig.
proceeding) (per curiam). When seeking mandamus relief, a relator bears the burden of
proving these two requirements. Walker v. Packer, 827 S.W.2d 833, 840 (Tex. 1992)
(orig. proceeding).
To establish an abuse of discretion, a relator must demonstrate the trial court acted
unreasonably, arbitrarily, or without reference to any guiding rules or principles. See
Downer v. Aquamarine Operators, Inc., 701 S.W.2d 238, 241-42 (Tex. 1985). To
establish no adequate remedy by appeal, a relator must show there is no adequate
remedy at law to address the alleged harm and that the act requested is a ministerial act,
not involving a discretionary or judicial decision. State ex rel. Young v. Sixth Judicial Dist.
Court of Appeals, 236 S.W.3d 207, 210 (Tex. Crim. App. 2007) (orig. proceeding).
3 Furthermore, to establish a ministerial act, a relator must also show (1) a legal duty to
perform; (2) a demand for performance; and (3) a refusal to act. Stoner v. Massey, 586
S.W.2d 843, 846 (Tex. 1979).
ANALYSIS
A writ of mandamus will lie to compel a trial court to proceed to judgment within a
reasonable time. Texas State Bd. of Examiners in Optometry v. Carp, 388 S.W.2d 409,
417 (Tex. 1965). Failure to enter a judgment deprives a party of an adequate remedy at
law including the right to accept or appeal a judgment entered. See Hunt Energy Corp.
v. Pirtle, No. 07-96-0257-CV, 1996 Tex. App. LEXIS 5127, at *7 (Tex. App.—Amarillo
Nov. 20, 1996, orig. proceeding).
An appellate court has the authority to order a trial judge to perform his duty to rule
on a matter within a reasonable time. Id. at *6 (citing O’Donniley v. Golden, 860 S.W.2d
267, 270 (Tex. App.—Tyler 1993, orig. proceeding)). However, mandamus is not
available to compel a trial judge to rule in a particular manner. In re Christensen, No. 07-
00-0510-CR, 39 S.W.3d 250, 251 (Tex. App.—Amarillo 2008, orig. proceeding).
Whether a reasonable period of time has lapsed in which to rule on a pending
matter is dependent on the circumstances of each case. Ex parte Bates, 65 S.W.3d 133,
134-35 (Tex. App.—Amarillo 2001, orig. proceeding). Other factors considered in
determining whether a reasonable time has passed is the state of the trial court’s docket
and other judicial and administrative duties that must be addressed. In re Villarreal, 96
S.W.3d 708, 711 (Tex. App.—Amarillo 2003, orig. proceeding).
4 Here, Relator is requesting rendition and notice of a final judgment from a hearing
held on October 25, 2021, on the Motion for Summary Judgment of the defendant in the
underlying cause of action.
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In The Court of Appeals Seventh District of Texas at Amarillo ________________________
No. 07-22-00031-CV ________________________
IN RE STEPHEN PATRICK BLACK, RELATOR
Original Proceeding Arising From Proceedings Before the 154th District Court Lamb County, Texas Trial Court No. DCV-20106-CV; Honorable Felix Klein, Presiding
January 25, 2022
OPINION Before QUINN, C.J., and PIRTLE and PARKER, JJ.
Relator, Stephen Patrick Black, proceeding pro se and in forma pauperis, seeks a
writ of mandamus against the Honorable Felix Klein to compel him to render a final
judgment in a pending suit and provide him with notice of the judgment. He presents two
issues asserting abuse of discretion by the trial court in not timely entering a final
judgment for him to pursue post-judgment and appellate remedies. For the reasons
expressed herein, we deny Relator’s petition. BACKGROUND
Relator is civilly committed in the Texas Civil Commitment Center which houses
and supervises violently sexual predators. He is familiar with the legal system. He has
pursued numerous appeals and original proceedings. 1 In 2019, he filed a libel suit against
Charles P. Woodrick, a treating psychologist at the Center. The trial court dismissed the
suit and Black successfully appealed the dismissal to this court. See Black v. Woodrick,
No. 07-20-00083-CV, 2021 Tex. App. LEXIS 2197, at *6 (Tex. App.—Amarillo March 23,
2021, no pet.) (mem. op.). According to Relator’s petition, on remand of the case,
Woodrick filed a motion for summary judgment and Relator filed a motion in opposition.
The trial court held a virtual hearing on the motions on October 25, 2021. At the
conclusion of the hearing, the trial court announced it was taking the matter under
advisement and would rule at a future date. No additional briefing was requested.
On January 21, 2022, Relator filed his petition for writ of mandamus, wherein he
included copies of file-stamped letters he mailed to the trial court clerk inquiring on the
status of a judgment in his case on November 8 and November 22, 2021. He also
included a file-stamped copy of a Motion to Set Hearing by Submission on Disposition of
1 A non-exhaustive list of those filings includes the following cases: Black v. McLane, No. 07-19- 00241-CV, 2021 Tex. App. LEXIS 2195 (Tex. App.—Amarillo May 21, 2021, no pet.) (mem. op.); Black v. Woodrick, No. 07-20-00083-CV, 2021 Tex. App. LEXIS 2197 (Tex. App.—Amarillo March 23, 2021, no pet.) (mem. op.); In re Black, No. 07-20-00363-CV, 2021 Tex. App. LEXIS 1163 (Tex. App.—Amarillo Feb. 12, 2021, orig. proceeding); In re Commitment of Black, 594 S.W.3d 590 (Tex. App.—San Antonio 2019, no pet.); In re Black, No. 04-19-00107-CV, 2019 Tex. App. LEXIS 3900 (Tex. App.—San Antonio May 15, 2019, orig. proceeding); In re Black, No. 04-19-00094-CV, 2019 Tex. App. LEXIS 1962 (Tex. App.—San Antonio March 13, 2019, orig. proceeding); In re Commitment of Black, No. 04-19-00001-CV, 2019 Tex. App. LEXIS 1019 (Tex. App.—San Antonio Feb. 13, 2019, no pet.) (mem. op.); In re Black, No. 04-18- 00700-CV, 2018 Tex. App. LEXIS 9973 (Tex. App.—San Antonio Dec. 5, 2018, orig. proceeding); In re Commitment of Black, 522 S.W.3d 2 (Tex. App.—San Antonio 2017, pet. denied).
2 Case that he filed on December 27, 2021. He asserts he has made numerous phone
calls which have not provided him with a resolution.
By his first issue, Relator contends the trial court abused its discretion in not ruling
in a timely manner. By his second issue, he maintains the trial court abused its discretion
in denying him due process by failing to notify him of a final judgment so that he may
pursue post-judgment and appellate remedies. At this time, we disagree with his
contentions.
MANDAMUS STANDARD OF REVIEW
Mandamus is an extraordinary remedy granted only when a relator can show that
(1) the trial court abused its discretion and (2) that no adequate appellate remedy exists.
In re N. Cypress Med. Ctr. Operating Co., 559 S.W.3d 128, 130 (Tex. 2018) (orig.
proceeding); In re H.E.B. Grocery Co., L.P., 492 S.W.3d 300, 302 (Tex. 2016) (orig.
proceeding) (per curiam). When seeking mandamus relief, a relator bears the burden of
proving these two requirements. Walker v. Packer, 827 S.W.2d 833, 840 (Tex. 1992)
(orig. proceeding).
To establish an abuse of discretion, a relator must demonstrate the trial court acted
unreasonably, arbitrarily, or without reference to any guiding rules or principles. See
Downer v. Aquamarine Operators, Inc., 701 S.W.2d 238, 241-42 (Tex. 1985). To
establish no adequate remedy by appeal, a relator must show there is no adequate
remedy at law to address the alleged harm and that the act requested is a ministerial act,
not involving a discretionary or judicial decision. State ex rel. Young v. Sixth Judicial Dist.
Court of Appeals, 236 S.W.3d 207, 210 (Tex. Crim. App. 2007) (orig. proceeding).
3 Furthermore, to establish a ministerial act, a relator must also show (1) a legal duty to
perform; (2) a demand for performance; and (3) a refusal to act. Stoner v. Massey, 586
S.W.2d 843, 846 (Tex. 1979).
ANALYSIS
A writ of mandamus will lie to compel a trial court to proceed to judgment within a
reasonable time. Texas State Bd. of Examiners in Optometry v. Carp, 388 S.W.2d 409,
417 (Tex. 1965). Failure to enter a judgment deprives a party of an adequate remedy at
law including the right to accept or appeal a judgment entered. See Hunt Energy Corp.
v. Pirtle, No. 07-96-0257-CV, 1996 Tex. App. LEXIS 5127, at *7 (Tex. App.—Amarillo
Nov. 20, 1996, orig. proceeding).
An appellate court has the authority to order a trial judge to perform his duty to rule
on a matter within a reasonable time. Id. at *6 (citing O’Donniley v. Golden, 860 S.W.2d
267, 270 (Tex. App.—Tyler 1993, orig. proceeding)). However, mandamus is not
available to compel a trial judge to rule in a particular manner. In re Christensen, No. 07-
00-0510-CR, 39 S.W.3d 250, 251 (Tex. App.—Amarillo 2008, orig. proceeding).
Whether a reasonable period of time has lapsed in which to rule on a pending
matter is dependent on the circumstances of each case. Ex parte Bates, 65 S.W.3d 133,
134-35 (Tex. App.—Amarillo 2001, orig. proceeding). Other factors considered in
determining whether a reasonable time has passed is the state of the trial court’s docket
and other judicial and administrative duties that must be addressed. In re Villarreal, 96
S.W.3d 708, 711 (Tex. App.—Amarillo 2003, orig. proceeding).
4 Here, Relator is requesting rendition and notice of a final judgment from a hearing
held on October 25, 2021, on the Motion for Summary Judgment of the defendant in the
underlying cause of action. “Rendition occurs when the judge’s decision is officially
announced, either orally in open court or by signed memorandum filed with the clerk.”
Malone v. PLH Grp. Inc., 570 S.W.3d 292, 296 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2018, pet.
denied) (citation omitted). Relator asserts the trial court announced it would rule at a
future date.
Relator maintains that the trial judge abused his discretion by failing to render a
judgment “within three months after the case is taken under advisement” as required by
Rule 7(a)(2) of the Texas Rules of Judicial Administration. The Texas Rules of Judicial
Administration are aspirational rules promulgated by the Texas Supreme Court for the
purpose of setting policies and guidelines necessary or desirable for the operation and
management of the Texas court system as a whole and for the effective and efficient
administration of justice. See TEX. GOV’T CODE ANN. § 74.024(a) (West 2013). Those
rules are promulgated pursuant to section 74.024 of the Texas Government Code, which
provides, in relevant part, as follows:
(c) The supreme court may consider the adoption of rules relating to:
(1) nonbinding time standards for pleading, discovery, motions and dispositions[.]
From this legislative authorization, it is clear that the time constraints mandated by
the Rules of Judicial Administration are merely nonbinding aspirational goals. See
Approximately $198,006.00 United States Currency v. State, No. 07-19-00275-CV, 2020
Tex. App. LEXIS 5622, at *5-6 (Tex. App.—Amarillo July 21, 2020, no pet.) (mem. op.)
5 (finding that the Texas Rules of Judicial Administration “[do] not fix a bright line”
demarking the deadline within which a court must rule). As such, a trial judge does not
abuse his discretion per se by failing to rule on a motion for summary judgment within
three months after taking the case under advisement.
Here, less than three months have passed between the time the trial court held a
hearing on the summary judgment motion filed by Woodrick and the time Relator filed his
petition for writ of mandamus. A delay of three months in entering a final judgment is not
an unreasonable period of time, per se. See In re Gonzales, No. 07-06-0324-CV, 2006
Tex. App. LEXIS 8057, at *3 (Tex. App.—Amarillo Sept. 6, 2006, orig. proceeding). Thus,
under the circumstances of the underlying case, Relator has not demonstrated
entitlement to mandamus relief. Issues one and two are overruled.
CONCLUSION
Relator’s petition for writ of mandamus is denied.
Per Curiam