In re: Six Ballots in the 2024 General Primary Election ~ Appeal of: J. Walsh

CourtCommonwealth Court of Pennsylvania
DecidedJuly 3, 2024
Docket629 C.D. 2024
StatusUnpublished

This text of In re: Six Ballots in the 2024 General Primary Election ~ Appeal of: J. Walsh (In re: Six Ballots in the 2024 General Primary Election ~ Appeal of: J. Walsh) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
In re: Six Ballots in the 2024 General Primary Election ~ Appeal of: J. Walsh, (Pa. Ct. App. 2024).

Opinion

IN THE COMMONWEALTH COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA

In re: Six Ballots in the 2024 : General Primary Election : : No. 629 C.D. 2024 Appeal of: Jamie Walsh : Submitted: May 31, 2024

BEFORE: HONORABLE ANNE E. COVEY, Judge HONORABLE STACY WALLACE, Judge HONORABLE MATTHEW S. WOLF, Judge

OPINION NOT REPORTED

MEMORANDUM OPINION BY JUDGE WALLACE FILED: July 3, 2024

Jamie Walsh (Walsh) was a candidate for the Republican nomination for election to the Pennsylvania House of Representatives for the 117th Legislative District. Pennsylvania held its General Primary Election on April 23, 2024, and Walsh appeared to defeat his opponent for the nomination, Mike Cabell (Cabell), by a narrow margin.1 In this appeal, Walsh challenges the decision of the Board to count six mail-in ballots with allegedly incomplete dates. The Court of Common Pleas of Luzerne County (trial court) affirmed the Board’s decision by order dated May 8, 2024. After careful review, we conclude Walsh untimely filed his petition for review, and we vacate and remand for the trial court to dismiss the petition for lack of jurisdiction.

1 According to the Luzerne County Board of Elections (Board), Walsh currently leads Cabell by three votes. Board’s Br. at 5. BACKGROUND On April 26, 2024, the Board convened a meeting to adjudicate questions regarding mail-in ballots cast during the 2024 General Primary Election. Walsh acknowledges he and his attorney were in attendance. Pet. for Review, 5/2/24, ¶ 16. During the meeting, the Board voted to compute and canvass 111 mail-in ballots with allegedly incomplete dates on their outer envelopes. The Board “scanned in” the ballots later that day and added the votes to its website. Notes of Testimony (N.T.), 5/6/24, at 21-22. Specifically, the outer envelopes used during the General Primary Election included a declaration with blank spaces for electors to sign their names and write the month and day. The outer envelopes also included a partially blank year, with the digits “20” preprinted and a blank space to write the digits “24.” The electors who cast the 111 mail-in ballots in dispute wrote the month and day but did not write “24” after the preprinted “20.” Six of the ballots included votes for the Republican nomination for election to the Pennsylvania House of Representatives for the 117th Legislative District. The Board submitted its unofficial returns to the Secretary of the Commonwealth (Secretary) on April 30, 2024, which included the votes from the 111 disputed mail-in ballots. Walsh filed a petition for review in the trial court on May 2, 2024. Walsh argued the six mail-in ballots including votes for the Republican nomination for election to the Pennsylvania House of Representatives for the 117th Legislative District should not have been counted because the electors who cast the ballots failed to include the year when they signed and dated the outer

2 envelopes in violation of Section 1306-D(a) of the Pennsylvania Election Code (Election Code).2 The trial court convened a hearing on May 6, 2024. The Board opposed Walsh’s petition for review, in part, on the basis that he failed to file his petition within two days of its decision to compute and canvass the disputed mail-in ballots under Section 1407(a) of the Election Code.3 N.T., 5/6/24, at 12-14. The trial court treated the Board’s argument as an oral motion to dismiss the case, which it took under advisement. Id. at 14. The Board then presented testimony from its Chair, Denise Williams, and the Active Director of Elections, Emily Cook (Cook). Generally, the testimony addressed the Board’s meeting on April 26, 2024, and its submission of unofficial returns on April 30, 2024. Cabell filed a petition to intervene on May 8, 2024, attaching a motion to quash and response in opposition to Walsh’s petition for review, in which he argued Walsh’s petition was untimely. Walsh submitted a letter brief to the trial court that same day, defending the timeliness of his petition. By orders dated May 8, 2024, the trial court granted Cabell’s petition to intervene, denied Cabell’s motion to quash, denied the oral motion to quash by the Board’s counsel, and denied Walsh’s petition for review. In its opinion, the trial court did not address the timeliness of Walsh’s appeal but instead proceeded to the merits of his date challenge. The trial court concluded the omission of the digits “24” after the preprinted “20” on the outer envelopes of the disputed mail-in ballots

2 Act of June 3, 1937, P.L. 1333, as amended, added by Section 8 of the Act of October 31, 2019, P.L. 552, 25 P.S. § 3150.16(a).

3 25 P.S. § 3157(a).

3 did not constitute a failure to “date” the ballots in violation of Section 1306-D(a). It reasoned as follows:

In the 2023 Supreme Court decision, Ball v. Chapman, 289 A.3d 1 [(Pa. 2023)], the Court set forth an analysis concerning undated ballots. In its pertinent part, the Court held that County Boards of Election were to refrain from counting ballots which were undated or incorrectly dated, which would include those outside the applicable date range. In the case at hand, each of the [111] mail[-]in ballots contained a handwritten date within the permissible date range of April 1, 2024[,] through April 23, 2024. Each contained the month and the day but where the pre-printed envelope had the number 20 and a line, the year was omitted. In finding the ballots were valid, this Court does not believe the decision, in any way, is inconsistent with the ruling of our Supreme Court in Ball[.] Each of the [111] votes had a date that was not an incorrect date. The envelope in which the ballot was placed and where the date was written was specifically produced for the 2024 General Primary Election[,] and therefore, it would stand to reason that the date, as written, could only be for the calendar year 2024. Accordingly, each ballot had a correct date evidencing when the voter signed the ballot. Additionally, the [] Board took guidance from the Department of State indicating that the dates, as written on the [111] [mail-]in ballots should be counted.

....

There was no evidence of fraud concerning these ballots and therefore we find that the decision of the [] Board in choosing to count the [111] which were dated and were within the applicable date range was the correct decision, consistent with the Election Code and Pennsylvania [c]ase [l]aw.

Trial Ct. Op., 5/22/24, at 3-4 (underlining omitted, unnumbered pages). Walsh timely appealed to this Court. He argues the omission of the digits “24” after the preprinted “20” on the outer envelopes of the disputed mail-in ballots was a failure to “date” the ballots. Thus, he requests that we reverse the trial court and direct the Board to exclude the six disputed mail-in ballots that included votes for the Republican nomination for election to the Pennsylvania House of

4 Representatives for the 117th Legislative District from its final tabulation of election results.4 DISCUSSION Walsh’s appeal requires us to interpret the Election Code. This presents a question of law for which our standard of review is de novo and our scope of review is plenary. In re Benkoski, 943 A.2d 212, 215 n.2 (Pa. 2007) (citing In re Carroll, 896 A.2d 566, 573 (Pa. 2006)). We do not defer to the trial court when reaching a decision and review the entire record on appeal. Mercury Trucking, Inc. v. Pa. Pub. Util. Comm’n, 55 A.3d 1056, 1082 (Pa. 2012) (citing Heath v. Workers’ Comp. Appeal Bd. (Pa. Bd. of Prob. & Parole), 860 A.2d 25, 29 n.2 (Pa. 2004)).

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Related

In Re Petition to Contest the General Election for District Justice
670 A.2d 629 (Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, 1996)
Dayhoff v. Weaver
808 A.2d 1002 (Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania, 2002)
In Re Benkoski
943 A.2d 212 (Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, 2007)
In Re Nomination Petition of Carroll
896 A.2d 566 (Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, 2006)
Perles v. Northumberland County Return Board
202 A.2d 538 (Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, 1964)
Heath v. WCAB (BD. OF PROB. AND PAR.)
860 A.2d 25 (Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, 2004)
Board of Revision of Taxes, City of Philadelphia v. City of Philadelphia
4 A.3d 610 (Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, 2010)
Mercury Trucking, Inc. v. Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission
55 A.3d 1056 (Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, 2012)
In re General Election for Township Supervisor
620 A.2d 565 (Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania, 1993)

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In re: Six Ballots in the 2024 General Primary Election ~ Appeal of: J. Walsh, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/in-re-six-ballots-in-the-2024-general-primary-election-appeal-of-j-pacommwct-2024.