In Re: Naxos Cleaners, Inc.
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Opinion
22-1988-bk In Re: Naxos Cleaners, Inc.
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT
SUMMARY ORDER RULINGS BY SUMMARY ORDER DO NOT HAVE PRECEDENTIAL EFFECT. CITATION TO A SUMMARY ORDER FILED ON OR AFTER JANUARY 1, 2007, IS PERMITTED AND IS GOVERNED BY FEDERAL RULE OF APPELLATE PROCEDURE 32.1 AND THIS COURT’S LOCAL RULE 32.1.1. WHEN CITING A SUMMARY ORDER IN A DOCUMENT FILED WITH THIS COURT, A PARTY MUST CITE EITHER THE FEDERAL APPENDIX OR AN ELECTRONIC DATABASE (WITH THE NOTATION “SUMMARY ORDER”). A PARTY CITING A SUMMARY ORDER MUST SERVE A COPY OF IT ON ANY PARTY NOT REPRESENTED BY COUNSEL.
1 At a stated term of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second 2 Circuit, held at the Thurgood Marshall United States Courthouse, 40 Foley Square, 3 in the City of New York, on the 25th day of September, two thousand twenty- 4 three. 5 6 PRESENT: 7 JON O. NEWMAN, 8 JOSÉ A. CABRANES, 9 MARIA A. KAHN, 10 Circuit Judges. 11 _____________________________________ 12 13 In Re: Naxos Cleaners, Inc., 14 Debtor. 15 ************************************** 16 17 Naxos Cleaners, Inc., 18 19 Debtor-Appellant, 20 21 v. 22-1988 22 23 155 Calyer Street, Inc., Pokey Jomo, Inc., 24 Ninth Street Associates, 1 2 Appellees. 3 _____________________________________ 4 5 6 FOR DEBTOR-APPELLANT: WAYNE M. GREENWALD, 7 New York, NY. 8 9 FOR APPELLEES: JOSHUA S. ANDROPHY, 10 Morrison Tenenbaum, 11 P.C., New York, NY. 12
13 Appeal from the August 10, 2022 judgment by the United States District
14 Court for the Eastern District of New York (Brian M. Cogan, Judge.; Jil Mazer-
15 Marino, Bankruptcy Judge).
16 UPON DUE CONSIDERATION, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED,
17 ADJUDGED, AND DECREED that the district court’s judgment dismissing the
18 present case is AFFIRMED.
19 Debtor-Appellant Naxos Cleaners, Inc., challenges the dismissal of its
20 claims by the district court on mootness grounds. For the reasons explained
21 below, we affirm.
22 On September 1, 2021, Pokey Jomo, Inc., and 155 Calyer Street, Inc., later
23 joined by Ninth Street Associates (the “Appellees”), filed an involuntary 2 1 bankruptcy petition against Debtor-Appellant. Debtor-Appellant filed a motion
2 to dismiss the petition on January 17, 2022, which the bankruptcy court denied on
3 March 14, 2022.
4 On May 5, 2022, the bankruptcy court entered an order granting the
5 involuntary petition. Debtor-Appellant then made an oral motion to voluntarily
6 convert the case from a Chapter 7 proceeding to a Chapter 11 proceeding, which
7 the bankruptcy court granted.
8 Debtor-Appellant filed an appeal with the district court contesting the
9 bankruptcy court’s decisions to grant the involuntary petition and to deny Debtor-
10 Appellant’s motion to dismiss the Chapter 7 proceeding. Appellees moved to
11 dismiss the appeal on the grounds that, by electing to proceed under Chapter 11,
12 the Debtor-Appellant had mooted its appeals from orders issued in its case under
13 Chapter 7.
14 While the appeal before the district court was pending, Appellees moved to
15 have the Chapter 11 proceeding converted back to a proceeding under Chapter 7,
16 and for the immediate appointment of a Chapter 7 trustee. Although the Debtor-
17 Appellant initially opposed that motion, it subsequently withdrew its opposition
3 1 to the conversion, and the bankruptcy court proceeded to appoint a trustee. At
2 no point did the Debtor-Appellant seek a stay pending appeal of any order entered
3 in the underlying bankruptcy case. As such, the case is ongoing, and the Chapter
4 7 trustee has been proceeding with the liquidation.
5 On August 9, 2022, the district court granted the Appellees’ motion to
6 dismiss Debtor-Appellant’s appeal of the bankruptcy court’s order granting the
7 involuntary Chapter 7 petition and denying Debtor-Appellant’s corresponding
8 motion to dismiss. This appeal followed.
9 I. Debtor-Appellant’s Appeal is Moot
10 This Court conducts a plenary review of orders of the district courts issued
11 in their capacity as appellate courts in bankruptcy cases. In re Anderson, 884 F.3d
12 382, 387 (2d Cir. 2018). As mootness is a question of law, we review questions of
13 mootness de novo. See Fund for Animals v. Babbitt, 89 F.3d 128, 132 (2d Cir. 1996).
14 “A case becomes moot ‘when it is impossible for a court to grant any
15 effectual relief whatever to the prevailing party.’” In re Speer, 771 F. App’x 25, 27
16 (2d Cir. 2019) (summary order) (quoting Campbell-Ewald Co. v. Gomez, 136 S. Ct.
17 663, 669 (2016)). “In a bankruptcy case, mootness can also be based on
4 1 ‘jurisdictional and equitable considerations stemming from the impracticability of
2 fashioning fair and effective judicial relief.’” Id. (quoting AmeriCredit Fin. Servs.,
3 Inc. v. Tompkins, 604 F.3d 753, 755 (2d Cir. 2010)). “The conversion of a petition
4 from one chapter to another generally moots an appeal taken from an order in the
5 original chapter, . . . because a voluntary conversion is an election of remedies that
6 obviates the need for further litigation of issues based on the original bankruptcy
7 petition[] . . . . Moreover, a conversion generally renders a plan under the prior
8 chapter irrelevant and leaves courts unable to provide effective relief with respect
9 to that plan.” Id. (internal quotation marks and citations omitted).
10 This case is procedurally identical to another case heard before this Court,
11 In re Speer, 771 F. App’x 25 (2d Cir. 2019) (summary order). As we noted in Speer,
12 the original conversion of Debtor-Appellant’s case from Chapter 7 to Chapter 11
13 mooted its appeal of the bankruptcy court’s grant of the Appellees’ original
14 Chapter 7 petition. Similarly, here, the bankruptcy court granted Debtor-
15 Appellant’s motion to convert its case from Chapter 7 to Chapter 11.
16 Accordingly, Debtor-Appellant’s appeal of the bankruptcy court’s grant of the
17 Chapter 7 petition is moot.
5 1 Debtor-Appellant’s claim that Section 349 of the Bankruptcy Code prevents
2 mootness is unavailing. Section 349 outlines what happens once a bankruptcy
3 case is dismissed but does not address mootness. See 11 U.S.C. § 349 (setting forth
4 consequences of dismissal “unless the court, for cause, orders otherwise”).
5 Reversal of the bankruptcy court’s relevant orders—the order granting the
6 involuntary petition and the order denying the corresponding motion to dismiss—
7 would not afford Debtor-Appellant any effective relief. This is because any such
8 reversals would not have changed the fact that, at the time the appeal was pending
9 before the district court, the case had been converted to Chapter 11 by Debtor-
10 Appellant’s own motion and then converted back to Chapter 7 without objection.
11 Section 349, therefore, does not apply and has no bearing on the mootness analysis.
12 We have reviewed the Debtor-Appellant’s other arguments and find them
13 to be either without merit or unavailing. For the foregoing reasons, the judgment
14 of the district court dismissing the appeal as moot is AFFIRMED.
15 FOR THE COURT: 16 Catherine O’Hagan Wolfe, Clerk of Court 17
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