In Re Moser

247 B.R. 431, 43 Collier Bankr. Cas. 2d 1868, 2000 Bankr. LEXIS 389, 35 Bankr. Ct. Dec. (CRR) 274, 2000 WL 419842
CourtUnited States Bankruptcy Court, N.D. Ohio
DecidedMarch 9, 2000
Docket19-30159
StatusPublished

This text of 247 B.R. 431 (In Re Moser) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering United States Bankruptcy Court, N.D. Ohio primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
In Re Moser, 247 B.R. 431, 43 Collier Bankr. Cas. 2d 1868, 2000 Bankr. LEXIS 389, 35 Bankr. Ct. Dec. (CRR) 274, 2000 WL 419842 (Ohio 2000).

Opinion

DECISION AND ORDER

RICHARD L. SPEER, Chief Judge.

This cause comes before the Court upon the Motion by the Debtors, Daniel E. Mos-er and Jennifer L. Moser, to determine the secured status of a claim submitted by the Beneficial Mortgage Company of Ohio (hereinafter referred to as Beneficial) in the Debtors’ above-captioned Chapter 13 case. The particular relief which the Debtors seek is a downward modification in the amount of the secured claim held by Beneficial against the Debtors’ principal place of residence. Specifically, the Debtors seek to reduce, for purposes of their Chapter 13 plan, Beneficial’s secured claim from Seventy-four Thousand Dollars ($74,-000.00) to Forty-nine Thousand Three Hundred Dollars ($49,300.00). The legal ground upon which the Debtors rely for modifying Beneficial’s secured claim, although not specifically stated in the Debtors’ Motion, is § 506(a) of the Bankruptcy Code which permits bifurcation of a claim into its secured and unsecured components for purposes of determining the allowance of a creditor’s claim. In support of bifurcating Beneficial’s claim, the Debtors have presented evidence that Beneficial’s secured claim exceeds the appraised value of the Debtors’ residence by Twenty-four Thousand Seven Hundred Dollars ($24,-700.00). Beneficial, who holds a first Mortgage against the Debtors’ residence, has objected to the Debtors’ Motion, and thus by implication, confirmation of the Debtors’ Chapter 13 Plan, on the grounds that to modify Beneficial’s secured claim would be contrary to the anti-modification of § 1322(b)(2) of the United States Bankruptcy Code, and the United States Supreme Court’s interpretation of this statutory provision in Nobelman v. American Savings Bank, 508 U.S. 324, 113 S.Ct. 2106, 124 L.Ed.2d 228 (1993).

On January 10, 2000, a hearing was held on the matter at which time the Parties were afforded the opportunity to present arguments in support of their respective positions. In addition, each of the Parties has submitted Memorandum to the Court detailing their particular legal arguments. After carefully considering the arguments presented by the Parties, the Court finds, based upon the following analysis, that Beneficial’s secured claim against the Debtors is not subject to modification in the Debtors’ Chapter 13 Plan, and thus Beneficial’s objection is Sustained.

LEGAL ANALYSIS

Section 1322(b)(2) of the Bankruptcy Code provides:

Subject to subsections (a) and (c) of this section, the plan may—
(2) modify the rights of holders of secured claims, other than a claim secured only by a security interest in real property that is the debtor’s principal residence, or of holders of unsecured claims, or leave unaffected the rights of holders of any class of claims[.]

In addition, section 506(a) of the Bankruptcy Code provides, in pertinent part:

(a) An allowed claim of a creditor secured by a lien on property in which the estate has an interest ... is a secured claim to the extent of the value of such creditor’s interest in the estate’s interest in such property ... and is an unsecured claim to the extent that the value of such creditor’s interest ... is less than the amount of such allowed claim.

In Nobelman v. American Savings Bank, the United States Supreme Court interpreted the interplay between these two Code sections and held that § 1322(b)(2) prohibits a Chapter 13 debtor from relying *433 on § 506(a) to reduce, for purposes of confirming a Chapter 13 Plan, an underse-cured homestead mortgage to the appraised value of the mortgaged residence. 508 U.S. 324, 113 S.Ct. 2106, 124 L.Ed.2d 228 (1993). According to the Supreme Court, to give effect to § 506(a)’s valuation and bifurcation of secured claims through a Chapter 13 Plan would require modifying the rights of the holder of the security interest in a debtor’s principal residence in contravention to the prohibition against such a modification contained in the anti-modification clause of § 1322(b)(2). Id. at 332, 113 S.Ct. at 2111.

The Debtors, however, argue that bifurcation is permitted in the instant case, notwithstanding the holding of Nobelman, because the loan made by Beneficial is actually a consolidation loan and consists of several obligations which were combined by Beneficial using the Debtors’ residence as security. In other words, the Debtors assert that the anti-modification clause of § 1322(b)(2), and the Supreme Court’s holding in Nobelman, is limited to the situation where the mortgage made on the debtor’s residence was used to enable the debtor to purchase the property. In support of this position, the Debtors have cited to the following cases: Hammond v. Commonwealth Mortgage Co. of America (In re Hammond), 156 B.R. 943 (E.D.Pa.1993); Laws v. New York Guardian (In re Laws), 163 B.R. 449 (E.D.Pa.1994); In re Caster, 77 B.R. 8 (Bankr.E.D.Pa.1987); Oglesby v. Associates Nat'l Mortgage Co. (In re Oglesby), 150 B.R. 620 (Bankr.E.D.Pa.1993); Hirsch v. Citicorp. Mortgage Corp. (In re Hirsch), 155 B.R. 688 (Bankr.E.D.Pa.1993); In re Brown, 1993 WL 544385 (Bankr.E.D.N.C.1993). However, after conducting a close examination of these eases, the Court finds that the holdings contained therein are not germane to the instant case as these cases do not specifically address the situation where the security interest taken against the property was not used exclusively for the purchase price of the house. Instead, the cases cited by the Debtors either involve a situation where additional security was given on a home mortgage (i.e., the security interest is in the residence and in other collateral such as fixtures, household appliances, hazard insurance, rents, profits, and proceeds), or involve the type of situation where the claim of the creditor was completely undersecured.

Nevertheless, in conformity with the Debtors’ premise, a review of applicable case law does reveal that the Debtors’ position does have some support. For example, in In re Lindamood, the bankruptcy court for the Western District of Virginia held that the anti-modification clause of § 1322(b)(2) only applies to lenders who make purchase money home mortgages, and not to lenders who acquire security in the debtor’s residence to secure other debts. 34 B.R. 330, 331-32 (Bankr.W.D.Va.1983). In addition, in In re Shaffer, the bankruptcy court concluded that the protection of a non-purchase money mortgage securing an ordinary consumer debt might be within the letter of § 1322(b)(2), but that such an interpretation would not be within the spirit of the statute. 84 B.R. 63 (Bankr.W.D.Va.1988), aff'd in part, remanded in part sub nom. Capitol Credit Plan of Tennessee, Inc. v. Shaffer, 116 B.R. 60 (W.D.Va.1988).

The basis for these decisions rests primarily upon the assumption that only a purchase money mortgage was actually intended to be protected from adjustment when Congress enacted the anti-modification clause of § 1322(b)(2).

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Related

Griffin v. Oceanic Contractors, Inc.
458 U.S. 564 (Supreme Court, 1982)
United States v. Ron Pair Enterprises, Inc.
489 U.S. 235 (Supreme Court, 1989)
Nobelman v. American Savings Bank
508 U.S. 324 (Supreme Court, 1993)
Hirsch v. Citicorp Mortgage Corp. (In Re Hirsch)
155 B.R. 688 (E.D. Pennsylvania, 1993)
In Re Hubbard
30 B.R. 39 (W.D. Missouri, 1983)
In Re Bradshaw
56 B.R. 742 (S.D. Ohio, 1985)
Bank of Virginia v. Lindamood (In Re Lindamood)
34 B.R. 330 (W.D. Virginia, 1983)
In Re Shaffer
84 B.R. 63 (W.D. Virginia, 1988)
Laws v. New York Guardian (In Re Laws)
163 B.R. 449 (E.D. Pennsylvania, 1994)
In Re French
174 B.R. 1 (D. Massachusetts, 1994)
In Re Diquinzio
110 A.L.R. Fed. 171 (D. Rhode Island, 1990)
Capitol Credit Plan of Tennessee, Inc. v. Shaffer
116 B.R. 60 (W.D. Virginia, 1988)
Caster v. United States (In Re Caster)
77 B.R. 8 (E.D. Pennsylvania, 1987)

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Bluebook (online)
247 B.R. 431, 43 Collier Bankr. Cas. 2d 1868, 2000 Bankr. LEXIS 389, 35 Bankr. Ct. Dec. (CRR) 274, 2000 WL 419842, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/in-re-moser-ohnb-2000.