NOT DESIGNATED FOR PUBLICATION
STATE OF LOUISIANA
COURT OF APPEAL
FIRST CIRCUIT
NO. 2022 CA 1148
IN RE: MEDICAL REVIEW PANEL GEORGE ABRAMS
Judgment Rendered MAY 18 2023
On Appeal from the 19th Judicial District Court In and for the Parish of East Baton Rouge State of Louisiana Trial Court No. 665084
Honorable Kelly Balfour, Judge Presiding
Thomas Abrams Plaintiff A - ppellant, Clearwater, FL In Proper Person
Lorraine P. McInnis Attorneys for Defendants -Appellees, Metairie, LA East Baton Rouge Medical Center, LLC d/ b/ a Ochsner Medical Center - Baton Rouge, Kristi O. Kelly, RN, Stacey L. O' Keefe, RN, Natalie B. Ruiz, RN, and Meagan White, RN
BEFORE: THERIOT, CHUTZ, AND RESTER, JJ. HESTER, J.
This appeal arises out of the district court' s February 11, 2022 judgment
granting a rule for contempt filed by defendants, East Baton Rouge Medical Center,
LLC d/ b/ a Ochsner Medical Center -Baton Rouge (" Ochsner"), Kristi O. Kelly, RN,
Stacey L. O' Keefe, RN, Natalie B. Ruiz, RN, and Meagan White, RN (" Ochsner
nurses") ( sometimes hereinafter collectively referred to as the " Ochsner
defendants"), and ordering plaintiff, Thomas Abrams (" Abrams"), to fully and
completely respond to discovery propounded by Ochsner and to pay attorney fees,
plus costs. For the following reasons, we affirm.
FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY
This matter initially came before this court on appeal filed by Abrams from a
September 26, 2019 judgment granting a rule for contempt filed by the Ochsner
defendants. In re Medical Review Panel Abrams, 2020- 0077 ( La. App. 1 st Cir.
3/ 29/ 21), 2021 WL 1170048 ( unreported), writ denied, 2021- 00591 ( La. 6/ 22/ 21),
318 So. 3d 711. The underlying action is one for medical malpractice instituted
before a medical review panel by Abrams on behalf of his deceased brother George
F. Abrams. Id. at * 1. The district court proceeding was instituted by Ochsner' on
January 18, 2017, through the filing of a petition to conduct discovery in connection
with Abrams' s medical malpractice claim. See La. R.S. 40: 1231. 8( D)(2). The
petition sought to utilize the processes ofthe district court in order to obtain evidence
for presentation to the medical review panel.
Upon Ochsner' s filing of a motion to compel, which is a contradictory motion,
the matter was assigned to Section 23 in the 19' Judicial District Court. According
to Ochsner, Abrams failed to fully respond to the discovery propounded by Ochsner
At the time the relevant discovery was propounded, the Ochsner nurses were not yet named defendants in the medical review panel request. The relevant discovery was propounded on March 28, 2017 by Ochsner only,
2 on March 28, 2017. He only partially responded to the discovery on April 27, 2017,
providing George Abrams' s driver' s license, Social Security card, and various health
care identification cards along with a copy of records obtained by Abrams from
Ochsner. Abrams objected to the motion to compel and claimed it was " vexatious
frivolous and mean- spirited" and intended to delay and thwart the medical review
panel process. Further, Abrams bemoaned the Medical Malpractice Act and the
process for filing medical malpractice claims. 2
As set forth in In re Medical Review Panel Abrams, the district court
granted the motion to compel, and Abrams was ordered to respond to outstanding
discovery propounded by Ochsner within twenty days of the execution of the
judgment and was cast with costs and attorney fees in a judgment dated May 10,
2018. In re Medical Review Pane) Abrams, 2021 WL 1170048 at * 1. After
Abrams failed to comply with the May 10, 2018 judgment, the Ochsner defendants
filed a rule for contempt on August 6, 2019, which was granted by the district court
in a judgment dated September 26, 2019. Id. at * 2. This court in In re Medical
Review Panel Abrams vacated the September 26, 2019 judgment, determining that
it was obtained without strict compliance with the long-arm statute, La. R.S.
13: 3205, and was an absolute nullity. Id. at * 3.
On remand, Abrams filed " MOTIONS: ( 1) for SANCTIONS, APPEAL
COSTS AND FEES; ( 2) TO VACATE CERTAIN JUDGMENTS BASED ON
WILFUL [ sic] DECEIT/ILL-PRACTICES; ( 3) for ORDER TO CONVENE THE
CURRENT MEDICAL -REVIEW PANEL; ( 4) seeking a DECLARATORY
2 Abrams maintained, in part, that ( 1) he amended his medical malpractice claim to provide the requested specificity; ( 2) Ochsner " enter[ edj this court too early, as the medical -review panel statutorily has three months once empaneled to gather the documents it decides are needed"; ( 3) Ochsner refused to participate in the expedited medical -review process"; ( 4) the district court should remove, remand, or consolidate all discovery matters " related to the subject PCF claim[] into the currently -active and directly -related ` patient -dumping' complaint against all Ochsner - affiliates"; and ( 5) Ochsner did not provide Abrams with documents he requested more than two years prior.
3 JUDGMENT ON THE CONSTITUTIONALITY OF THE LOUISIANA
MEDICAL -MALPRACTICE ACT; ( 5) " FURTHER PROCEEDINGS" ( as
anticipated by the First Circuit Court of Appeal in its decision dated 312912021,
appeal numbered 2020 -CA -0077); and/ or, ( 6) MOTION FOR NEW TRIAL."
After a hearing, the district court denied all motions raised by Abrams and signed a
judgment dated August 11, 2021. 3
On August 18, 2021, the Ochsner defendants filed a motion to re -set the
hearing on the August 6, 2019 rule for contempt, requesting that the rule be re -set
and re -heard by the district court. At the conclusion of the properly noticed hearing,
the district court found Abrams in contempt for failing to pay $ 700.00 in attorney
fees and costs assessed and for failing to completely respond to Ochsner discovery
as instructed in the May 10, 2018 judgment. The district court further awarded
additional attorney fees to the Ochsner defendants in the amount of $750. 00, as well
as costs.
Thereafter, the district court signed a judgment on February 11, 2022, granting
the rule for contempt and ordering Abrams to fully and completely respond to the
discovery propounded by Ochsner on March 28, 2017 within 45 days of the date of
the judgment or face dismissal of his claims against the Ochsner defendants with
prejudice. The February 11, 2022 judgment further ordered Abrams to pay $ 700. 00
in attorney fees plus costs as previously ordered in the May 10, 2018 judgment, as
well as $ 750.00 in additional attorney fees plus costs necessitated by the present rule
for contempt. The attorney fees and costs were to be paid within 45 days of the date
of the judgment or Abrams would face dismissal of his claims against the Ochsner
defendants with prejudice. It is from this judgment Abrams appeals.
3 This court denied Abrams' s application for supervisory writs. In re Medical Review Panel Abrams, 2021- 1315 ( La. App. 1st Cir. 1/ 31/ 22), 2022 WL 293046 ( unreported writ action). 4 LAW AND ANALYSIS
A contempt of court may be constructive or direct and is any act or omission
tending to obstruct or interfere with the orderly administration ofjustice, or to impair
the dignity of the court or respect for its authority. La. Code Civ. P. art. 221. Willful
disobedience of any lawful judgment, order, mandate, writ, or process of the court
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NOT DESIGNATED FOR PUBLICATION
STATE OF LOUISIANA
COURT OF APPEAL
FIRST CIRCUIT
NO. 2022 CA 1148
IN RE: MEDICAL REVIEW PANEL GEORGE ABRAMS
Judgment Rendered MAY 18 2023
On Appeal from the 19th Judicial District Court In and for the Parish of East Baton Rouge State of Louisiana Trial Court No. 665084
Honorable Kelly Balfour, Judge Presiding
Thomas Abrams Plaintiff A - ppellant, Clearwater, FL In Proper Person
Lorraine P. McInnis Attorneys for Defendants -Appellees, Metairie, LA East Baton Rouge Medical Center, LLC d/ b/ a Ochsner Medical Center - Baton Rouge, Kristi O. Kelly, RN, Stacey L. O' Keefe, RN, Natalie B. Ruiz, RN, and Meagan White, RN
BEFORE: THERIOT, CHUTZ, AND RESTER, JJ. HESTER, J.
This appeal arises out of the district court' s February 11, 2022 judgment
granting a rule for contempt filed by defendants, East Baton Rouge Medical Center,
LLC d/ b/ a Ochsner Medical Center -Baton Rouge (" Ochsner"), Kristi O. Kelly, RN,
Stacey L. O' Keefe, RN, Natalie B. Ruiz, RN, and Meagan White, RN (" Ochsner
nurses") ( sometimes hereinafter collectively referred to as the " Ochsner
defendants"), and ordering plaintiff, Thomas Abrams (" Abrams"), to fully and
completely respond to discovery propounded by Ochsner and to pay attorney fees,
plus costs. For the following reasons, we affirm.
FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY
This matter initially came before this court on appeal filed by Abrams from a
September 26, 2019 judgment granting a rule for contempt filed by the Ochsner
defendants. In re Medical Review Panel Abrams, 2020- 0077 ( La. App. 1 st Cir.
3/ 29/ 21), 2021 WL 1170048 ( unreported), writ denied, 2021- 00591 ( La. 6/ 22/ 21),
318 So. 3d 711. The underlying action is one for medical malpractice instituted
before a medical review panel by Abrams on behalf of his deceased brother George
F. Abrams. Id. at * 1. The district court proceeding was instituted by Ochsner' on
January 18, 2017, through the filing of a petition to conduct discovery in connection
with Abrams' s medical malpractice claim. See La. R.S. 40: 1231. 8( D)(2). The
petition sought to utilize the processes ofthe district court in order to obtain evidence
for presentation to the medical review panel.
Upon Ochsner' s filing of a motion to compel, which is a contradictory motion,
the matter was assigned to Section 23 in the 19' Judicial District Court. According
to Ochsner, Abrams failed to fully respond to the discovery propounded by Ochsner
At the time the relevant discovery was propounded, the Ochsner nurses were not yet named defendants in the medical review panel request. The relevant discovery was propounded on March 28, 2017 by Ochsner only,
2 on March 28, 2017. He only partially responded to the discovery on April 27, 2017,
providing George Abrams' s driver' s license, Social Security card, and various health
care identification cards along with a copy of records obtained by Abrams from
Ochsner. Abrams objected to the motion to compel and claimed it was " vexatious
frivolous and mean- spirited" and intended to delay and thwart the medical review
panel process. Further, Abrams bemoaned the Medical Malpractice Act and the
process for filing medical malpractice claims. 2
As set forth in In re Medical Review Panel Abrams, the district court
granted the motion to compel, and Abrams was ordered to respond to outstanding
discovery propounded by Ochsner within twenty days of the execution of the
judgment and was cast with costs and attorney fees in a judgment dated May 10,
2018. In re Medical Review Pane) Abrams, 2021 WL 1170048 at * 1. After
Abrams failed to comply with the May 10, 2018 judgment, the Ochsner defendants
filed a rule for contempt on August 6, 2019, which was granted by the district court
in a judgment dated September 26, 2019. Id. at * 2. This court in In re Medical
Review Panel Abrams vacated the September 26, 2019 judgment, determining that
it was obtained without strict compliance with the long-arm statute, La. R.S.
13: 3205, and was an absolute nullity. Id. at * 3.
On remand, Abrams filed " MOTIONS: ( 1) for SANCTIONS, APPEAL
COSTS AND FEES; ( 2) TO VACATE CERTAIN JUDGMENTS BASED ON
WILFUL [ sic] DECEIT/ILL-PRACTICES; ( 3) for ORDER TO CONVENE THE
CURRENT MEDICAL -REVIEW PANEL; ( 4) seeking a DECLARATORY
2 Abrams maintained, in part, that ( 1) he amended his medical malpractice claim to provide the requested specificity; ( 2) Ochsner " enter[ edj this court too early, as the medical -review panel statutorily has three months once empaneled to gather the documents it decides are needed"; ( 3) Ochsner refused to participate in the expedited medical -review process"; ( 4) the district court should remove, remand, or consolidate all discovery matters " related to the subject PCF claim[] into the currently -active and directly -related ` patient -dumping' complaint against all Ochsner - affiliates"; and ( 5) Ochsner did not provide Abrams with documents he requested more than two years prior.
3 JUDGMENT ON THE CONSTITUTIONALITY OF THE LOUISIANA
MEDICAL -MALPRACTICE ACT; ( 5) " FURTHER PROCEEDINGS" ( as
anticipated by the First Circuit Court of Appeal in its decision dated 312912021,
appeal numbered 2020 -CA -0077); and/ or, ( 6) MOTION FOR NEW TRIAL."
After a hearing, the district court denied all motions raised by Abrams and signed a
judgment dated August 11, 2021. 3
On August 18, 2021, the Ochsner defendants filed a motion to re -set the
hearing on the August 6, 2019 rule for contempt, requesting that the rule be re -set
and re -heard by the district court. At the conclusion of the properly noticed hearing,
the district court found Abrams in contempt for failing to pay $ 700.00 in attorney
fees and costs assessed and for failing to completely respond to Ochsner discovery
as instructed in the May 10, 2018 judgment. The district court further awarded
additional attorney fees to the Ochsner defendants in the amount of $750. 00, as well
as costs.
Thereafter, the district court signed a judgment on February 11, 2022, granting
the rule for contempt and ordering Abrams to fully and completely respond to the
discovery propounded by Ochsner on March 28, 2017 within 45 days of the date of
the judgment or face dismissal of his claims against the Ochsner defendants with
prejudice. The February 11, 2022 judgment further ordered Abrams to pay $ 700. 00
in attorney fees plus costs as previously ordered in the May 10, 2018 judgment, as
well as $ 750.00 in additional attorney fees plus costs necessitated by the present rule
for contempt. The attorney fees and costs were to be paid within 45 days of the date
of the judgment or Abrams would face dismissal of his claims against the Ochsner
defendants with prejudice. It is from this judgment Abrams appeals.
3 This court denied Abrams' s application for supervisory writs. In re Medical Review Panel Abrams, 2021- 1315 ( La. App. 1st Cir. 1/ 31/ 22), 2022 WL 293046 ( unreported writ action). 4 LAW AND ANALYSIS
A contempt of court may be constructive or direct and is any act or omission
tending to obstruct or interfere with the orderly administration ofjustice, or to impair
the dignity of the court or respect for its authority. La. Code Civ. P. art. 221. Willful
disobedience of any lawful judgment, order, mandate, writ, or process of the court
constitutes a constructive contempt of court. La. Code Civ. P. art. 224( 2).
To find a person guilty of constructive contempt, the court must find that he
violated the order of the court intentionally, knowingly, and purposely, without
justifiable excuse. The district court is vested with great discretion in determining
whether a party should be held in contempt of court, and its decision will be reversed
only when the appellate court discerns a clear abuse of that great discretion. Rogers
v. Pastureau, 2012- 2008 ( La. App. 1st Cir. 4/ 26/ 13), 117 So. 3d 517, 532, writ
denied, 2013- 1833 ( La. 818113), 120 So. 3d 247.
After a thorough review of the record herein, including Abrams' s candid
acknowledgment of his continued failure to comply with the May 10, 2018 judgment
compelling Abrams to pay attorney fees and costs for over four years' and Abrams' s
actions in this proceeding, we are unable to find that the district court abused its great
discretion in finding Abrams in contempt. Even considering that Abrams is a pro se
litigant, the record supports the district court' s finding that Abrams acted willfully
and in contempt of the court' s May 10, 2018 judgment as alleged in both contempt
rules.
At the January 24, 2022 hearing, Abrams maintained that he answered discovery; however, as set forth in the 2018 motion to compel and both the 2019 and 2021 rules for contempt, Abrams has never fully responded to the discovery propounded by Ochsner on March 28, 2017. He partially responded to the discovery on April 27, 2017, providing George Abrams' s driver' s license, Social Security card, and various health care identification cards, along with a copy of records obtained by Abrams from Ochsner.
5 CONCLUSION
For the foregoing reasons, we affirm the district court' s February 11, 2022
judgment. All costs of the appeal are assessed to appellant, Thomas Abrams.
AFFIRMED.
2 NOT DESIGNATED FOR PUBLICATION
IN RE: MEDICAL REVIEW PANEL GEORGE ABRAMS ( D)
THERIOT, J., agreeing and assigning additional reasons.
I write separately to state that although the Ochsner defendants did not answer
this appeal to request an increase in the attorney fee award, under the circumstances
of this case, additional attorney fees are warranted for defense of this appeal.
Louisiana Code of Civil Procedure article 2164 provides that this Court " shall render
any judgment which is just, legal, and proper upon the record on appeal." Pursuant
to that authority, the jurisprudence has determined that when an issue of attorney
fees is present in the case, it is within the appellate court' s discretion to award or
increase attorney fees for the expense of the appeal regardless of whether the
appellee answered the appeal. See La, C. C. P. art. 2164; Delta Land & Investments,
LLC v. Hunter Estates, Inc., 51, 069, p. 15 ( La.App, 2 Cir. 1/ 11/ 17), 211 So. 3d 1255,
1265, writ denied, 2017- 0264 ( La. 3/ 31117), 217 So. 3d 364. After thorough
consideration, I would exercise our discretion under article 2164 to award additional
attorney fees to the Ochsner defendants for defense of this appeal.