An unpublished opinion of the North Carolina Court of Appeals does not constitute controlling legal authority. Citation is disfavored, but may be permitted in accordance with the provisions of Rule 30(e)(3) of the North Carolina Rules of Appellate Procedure.
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF NORTH CAROLINA
No. COA15-430
Filed: 15 September 2015
Warren County, No. 12 JT 61
IN THE MATTER OF: K.E.T.
Appeal by respondent-mother from order entered 27 January 2015 by Judge
Randolph Baskerville in Warren County District Court. Heard in the Court of
Appeals 24 August 2015.
No brief filed for petitioner-appellee Warren County Department of Social Services.
Alston & Bird LLP, by Stephen H. Schilling and Heather Adams, for Guardian ad Litem.
Miller & Audino, LLP, by Jay Anthony Audino, for respondent-appellant mother.
McCULLOUGH, Judge.
Respondent-mother (“respondent”) appeals from an order terminating her
parental rights to her son K.E.T. (“Kyle”). For the following reasons, we reverse and
remand the case for further findings of fact.
On 27 December 2012, the Warren County Department of Social Services
(“WCDSS”) took nonsecure custody of newborn Kyle and filed a juvenile petition IN RE: K.E.T.
Opinion of the Court
alleging he was a neglected and dependent juvenile. WCDSS alleged that respondent
was unable to provide for Kyle’s care or supervision due to her mental health issues.
Respondent’s recovery coach had arranged for respondent and Kyle to live with Kyle’s
maternal grandmother upon their release from the hospital; however, respondent
took Kyle to live in her house where there was no heat, formula, or diapers. The
petition further alleged that respondent refused help from family members and that
she lacked an appropriate alternative child care arrangement.
The trial court conducted an adjudication hearing on 24 September 2013. By
order filed 14 November 2013, the trial court adjudicated Kyle a dependent juvenile
based upon “all parties stipulat[ing] and agree[ing], including [respondent’s] Rule 17
substitutive Guardian ad litem, Mr. Robert T. May, that the minor child is a
dependent child[.]” In a separate disposition order, the trial court concluded it was
in the best interest of Kyle that he remain in the custody of WCDSS.
On 22 July 2014, WCDSS filed a motion in the cause to terminate respondent’s
parental rights based on Kyle’s status as a dependent juvenile. A termination
hearing was held on 25 November 2014. By order filed 27 January 2015, the trial
court terminated respondent’s parental rights on the ground that respondent was
incapable of providing for the proper care and supervision of Kyle such that he was a
dependent juvenile. Respondent filed timely notice of appeal from the trial court’s
order.
-2- IN RE: K.E.T.
I. Standard of Review
On appeal from an order terminating parental rights, this Court reviews the
order for “whether the findings of fact are supported by clear, cogent and convincing
evidence and whether these findings, in turn, support the conclusions of law.” In re
Shepard, 162 N.C. App. 215, 221, 591 S.E.2d 1, 6 (citations and quotation marks
omitted), disc. review denied sub nom., In re D.S., 358 N.C. 543, 599 S.E.2d 42 (2004).
The trial court’s findings of fact which an appellant does not specifically dispute on
appeal “are deemed to be supported by sufficient evidence and are binding on appeal.”
In re M.D., 200 N.C. App. 35, 43, 682 S.E.2d 780, 785 (2009). However, “[t]he trial
court’s conclusions of law are fully reviewable de novo by the appellate court.” In re
S.N., 194 N.C. App. 142, 146, 669 S.E.2d 55, 59 (2008) (quotation marks omitted),
aff’d per curiam, 363 N.C. 368, 677 S.E.2d 455 (2009).
II. Motion in the Cause to Terminate
Respondent contends the trial court lacked jurisdiction to hear the motion to
terminate her parental rights because the motion did not contain a statement of facts
sufficient to warrant a determination that one or more of the grounds for terminating
parental rights existed.
A petition for termination of parental rights must allege “[f]acts that are
sufficient to warrant a determination that one or more of the grounds for terminating
parental rights [listed in N.C.G.S. § 7B-1111(a)] exist.” N.C. Gen. Stat. § 7B-1104(6)
-3- IN RE: K.E.T.
(2013). “ ‘While there is no requirement that the factual allegations in a petition for
termination of parental rights be exhaustive or extensive, they must put a party on
notice as to what acts, omissions, or conditions are at issue.’ ” In re C.W. & J.W., 182
N.C. App. 214, 228, 641 S.E.2d 725, 735 (2007) (quoting In re Hardesty, 150 N.C. App.
380, 384, 563 S.E.2d 79, 82 (2002)).
Respondent specifically asserts the motion does not allege she lacked an
appropriate alternative child care arrangement and, therefore, did not put her on
notice as to what acts or omissions are at issue. However, this Court has held that
such a deficiency is not a jurisdictional issue, but instead constitutes a claim for relief
under Rule 12(b)(6) of the North Carolina Rules of Civil Procedure. In re Quevedo,
106 N.C. App. 574, 578, 419 S.E.2d 158, 159 (1992). Respondent did not move for a
dismissal under Rule 12(b)(6) in the trial court and “a Rule 12(b)(6) motion may not
be made for the first time on appeal.” In re H.L.A.D., 184 N.C. App. 381, 392, 646
S.E.2d 425, 434 (2007), aff’d per curiam, 362 N.C. 170, 655 S.E.2d 712 (2008) (citation
omitted). Because respondent failed to preserve this issue for appellate review, we
do not address it.
III. Grounds for Termination
Respondent contends the trial court’s findings of fact and conclusions of law
are insufficient to terminate her rights. We agree.
-4- IN RE: K.E.T.
The trial court may only terminate a parent’s parental rights if the petitioner
proves at least one ground pursuant to N.C. Gen. Stat. § 7B-1111 by clear, cogent,
and convincing evidence, and the trial court enters sufficient findings of fact to
support a conclusion of law that at least one of the grounds alleged by the petitioner
exists. N.C. Gen. Stat. § 7B-1109(e) and (f) (2013); In re C.W. & J.W., 182 N.C. App.
at 218, 641 S.E.2d at 729.
Here, the court terminated respondent’s parental rights based upon Kyle being
a dependent juvenile. See N.C. Gen. Stat. § 7B-1111(a)(6) (2013). Our General
Statutes provide that a trial court may terminate parental rights if it concludes:
That the parent is incapable of providing for the proper care and supervision of the juvenile, such that the juvenile is a dependent juvenile within the meaning of G.S. 7B-101, and that there is a reasonable probability that such incapability will continue for the foreseeable future.
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An unpublished opinion of the North Carolina Court of Appeals does not constitute controlling legal authority. Citation is disfavored, but may be permitted in accordance with the provisions of Rule 30(e)(3) of the North Carolina Rules of Appellate Procedure.
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF NORTH CAROLINA
No. COA15-430
Filed: 15 September 2015
Warren County, No. 12 JT 61
IN THE MATTER OF: K.E.T.
Appeal by respondent-mother from order entered 27 January 2015 by Judge
Randolph Baskerville in Warren County District Court. Heard in the Court of
Appeals 24 August 2015.
No brief filed for petitioner-appellee Warren County Department of Social Services.
Alston & Bird LLP, by Stephen H. Schilling and Heather Adams, for Guardian ad Litem.
Miller & Audino, LLP, by Jay Anthony Audino, for respondent-appellant mother.
McCULLOUGH, Judge.
Respondent-mother (“respondent”) appeals from an order terminating her
parental rights to her son K.E.T. (“Kyle”). For the following reasons, we reverse and
remand the case for further findings of fact.
On 27 December 2012, the Warren County Department of Social Services
(“WCDSS”) took nonsecure custody of newborn Kyle and filed a juvenile petition IN RE: K.E.T.
Opinion of the Court
alleging he was a neglected and dependent juvenile. WCDSS alleged that respondent
was unable to provide for Kyle’s care or supervision due to her mental health issues.
Respondent’s recovery coach had arranged for respondent and Kyle to live with Kyle’s
maternal grandmother upon their release from the hospital; however, respondent
took Kyle to live in her house where there was no heat, formula, or diapers. The
petition further alleged that respondent refused help from family members and that
she lacked an appropriate alternative child care arrangement.
The trial court conducted an adjudication hearing on 24 September 2013. By
order filed 14 November 2013, the trial court adjudicated Kyle a dependent juvenile
based upon “all parties stipulat[ing] and agree[ing], including [respondent’s] Rule 17
substitutive Guardian ad litem, Mr. Robert T. May, that the minor child is a
dependent child[.]” In a separate disposition order, the trial court concluded it was
in the best interest of Kyle that he remain in the custody of WCDSS.
On 22 July 2014, WCDSS filed a motion in the cause to terminate respondent’s
parental rights based on Kyle’s status as a dependent juvenile. A termination
hearing was held on 25 November 2014. By order filed 27 January 2015, the trial
court terminated respondent’s parental rights on the ground that respondent was
incapable of providing for the proper care and supervision of Kyle such that he was a
dependent juvenile. Respondent filed timely notice of appeal from the trial court’s
order.
-2- IN RE: K.E.T.
I. Standard of Review
On appeal from an order terminating parental rights, this Court reviews the
order for “whether the findings of fact are supported by clear, cogent and convincing
evidence and whether these findings, in turn, support the conclusions of law.” In re
Shepard, 162 N.C. App. 215, 221, 591 S.E.2d 1, 6 (citations and quotation marks
omitted), disc. review denied sub nom., In re D.S., 358 N.C. 543, 599 S.E.2d 42 (2004).
The trial court’s findings of fact which an appellant does not specifically dispute on
appeal “are deemed to be supported by sufficient evidence and are binding on appeal.”
In re M.D., 200 N.C. App. 35, 43, 682 S.E.2d 780, 785 (2009). However, “[t]he trial
court’s conclusions of law are fully reviewable de novo by the appellate court.” In re
S.N., 194 N.C. App. 142, 146, 669 S.E.2d 55, 59 (2008) (quotation marks omitted),
aff’d per curiam, 363 N.C. 368, 677 S.E.2d 455 (2009).
II. Motion in the Cause to Terminate
Respondent contends the trial court lacked jurisdiction to hear the motion to
terminate her parental rights because the motion did not contain a statement of facts
sufficient to warrant a determination that one or more of the grounds for terminating
parental rights existed.
A petition for termination of parental rights must allege “[f]acts that are
sufficient to warrant a determination that one or more of the grounds for terminating
parental rights [listed in N.C.G.S. § 7B-1111(a)] exist.” N.C. Gen. Stat. § 7B-1104(6)
-3- IN RE: K.E.T.
(2013). “ ‘While there is no requirement that the factual allegations in a petition for
termination of parental rights be exhaustive or extensive, they must put a party on
notice as to what acts, omissions, or conditions are at issue.’ ” In re C.W. & J.W., 182
N.C. App. 214, 228, 641 S.E.2d 725, 735 (2007) (quoting In re Hardesty, 150 N.C. App.
380, 384, 563 S.E.2d 79, 82 (2002)).
Respondent specifically asserts the motion does not allege she lacked an
appropriate alternative child care arrangement and, therefore, did not put her on
notice as to what acts or omissions are at issue. However, this Court has held that
such a deficiency is not a jurisdictional issue, but instead constitutes a claim for relief
under Rule 12(b)(6) of the North Carolina Rules of Civil Procedure. In re Quevedo,
106 N.C. App. 574, 578, 419 S.E.2d 158, 159 (1992). Respondent did not move for a
dismissal under Rule 12(b)(6) in the trial court and “a Rule 12(b)(6) motion may not
be made for the first time on appeal.” In re H.L.A.D., 184 N.C. App. 381, 392, 646
S.E.2d 425, 434 (2007), aff’d per curiam, 362 N.C. 170, 655 S.E.2d 712 (2008) (citation
omitted). Because respondent failed to preserve this issue for appellate review, we
do not address it.
III. Grounds for Termination
Respondent contends the trial court’s findings of fact and conclusions of law
are insufficient to terminate her rights. We agree.
-4- IN RE: K.E.T.
The trial court may only terminate a parent’s parental rights if the petitioner
proves at least one ground pursuant to N.C. Gen. Stat. § 7B-1111 by clear, cogent,
and convincing evidence, and the trial court enters sufficient findings of fact to
support a conclusion of law that at least one of the grounds alleged by the petitioner
exists. N.C. Gen. Stat. § 7B-1109(e) and (f) (2013); In re C.W. & J.W., 182 N.C. App.
at 218, 641 S.E.2d at 729.
Here, the court terminated respondent’s parental rights based upon Kyle being
a dependent juvenile. See N.C. Gen. Stat. § 7B-1111(a)(6) (2013). Our General
Statutes provide that a trial court may terminate parental rights if it concludes:
That the parent is incapable of providing for the proper care and supervision of the juvenile, such that the juvenile is a dependent juvenile within the meaning of G.S. 7B-101, and that there is a reasonable probability that such incapability will continue for the foreseeable future. Incapability under this subdivision may be the result of substance abuse, mental retardation, mental illness, organic brain syndrome, or any other cause or condition that renders the parent unable or unavailable to parent the juvenile and the parent lacks an appropriate alternative child care arrangement.
N.C. Gen. Stat. § 7B-1111(a)(6). A dependent juvenile is defined as one who is “in
need of assistance or placement because (i) the juvenile has no parent, guardian, or
custodian responsible for the juvenile’s care or supervision or (ii) the juvenile’s parent,
guardian, or custodian is unable to provide for the juvenile’s care or supervision and
lacks an appropriate alternative child care arrangement.” N.C. Gen. Stat. § 7B-101(9)
-5- IN RE: K.E.T.
(2013). As applied to respondent, such an adjudication requires findings of fact that
“address both (1) the parent’s ability to provide care or supervision, and (2) the
availability to the parent of alternative child care arrangements.” In re P.M., 169
N.C. App. 423, 427, 610 S.E.2d 403, 406 (2005) (reversing adjudication where the
“trial court never addressed the second prong of the dependency definition”).
We agree with respondent that the trial court did not find nor conclude that
she lacked an appropriate alternative child care arrangement. None of the trial
court’s adjudicatory findings of fact address the second prong. Without such a
finding, we cannot uphold the trial court’s order terminating respondent’s parental
rights. Accordingly, we must reverse the order terminating respondent’s parental
rights and remand for further findings with respect to whether respondent has an
appropriate alternative child care arrangement. See In re B.M., 183 N.C. App. 84,
90, 643 S.E.2d 644, 648 (2007). The trial court may receive additional evidence on
remand, within its sound discretion. In re T.M.H., 186 N.C. App. 451, 456, 652 S.E.2d
1, 3 (2007).
REVERSED AND REMANDED.
Judges BRYANT and INMAN concur.
Report per Rule 30(e).
-6-