[Cite as In re J.W., 2018-Ohio-2020.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
ELEVENTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
GEAUGA COUNTY, OHIO
IN THE MATTER OF: : OPINION
J.W., M.W., L.W., AND K.W., : ABUSED, NEGLECTED AND DEPENDENT CHILDREN : CASE NO. 2017-G-0139
Civil Appeal from the Geauga County Court of Common Pleas, Juvenile Division, Case No. 2014 JF 000213.
Judgment: Remanded.
James R. Flaiz, Geauga County Prosecutor, and Kelly M. Wallenfelsz, Assistant Prosecutor, Courthouse Annex, 231 Main Street, Suite 3A, Chardon, OH 44024 (For Appellee, Geauga County Department of Job and Family Services).
Gregory J. Wysin, 2037 Brady Lake Road, Kent, OH 44240 (For Appellant, Alison Ward).
Jay F. Crook, Shryock, Crook & Associates, LLP, 30601 Euclid Avenue, Wickliffe, OH 44092 (For Geauga County CASA).
THOMAS R. WRIGHT, P.J.
{¶1} Appellant, Alison Ward, appeals the September 19, 2017 judgment
terminating her parental rights and granting permanent custody of her four minor children
to the Geauga County Department of Job and Family Services (“GCDJFS”).
{¶2} Appellant raises four assignments of error. {¶3} “[1.] The trial court committed reversible, plain error by acting outside the
bounds of its jurisdiction when it extended temporary custody of the children to the
Geauga County Department of Job and Family Services beyond the two-year limitation
mandated by R.C. 2151.415(D)(4) in its judgment issued December 16, 2016.
{¶4} “[2.] The trial court committed plain, reversible error by acting outside the
bounds of its jurisdiction when it proceeded to entertain custodial motions after it had
ostensibly vacated its December 16, 2016 judgment entry granting legal custody to the
Mannings, and failed to return the children into either their mother’s custody, or into the
legal custody of the Mannings.
{¶5} “[3.] The court committed reversible error when it found that the Geauga
County Department of Job and Family Services had engaged in reasonable case planning
and diligent efforts to assist Ms. Ward in repairing her relationships with her children and
to finalize permanency for the children after those efforts were subverted by a rogue GAL,
acting beyond the scope of her appointment, and assisted by the children’s counsel.
{¶6} “[4.] The court committed reversible error when it permitted counsel for the
Department of Job and Family Services to prosecute the permanent custody motion
despite the fact that the same attorney had previously represented mother during the
pendency of the proceedings pursuant to an indigent court appointment.”
{¶7} In her fourth assignment of error, appellant claims reversible error based on
a violation of her Sixth Amendment Right to conflict-free assistance of counsel. She
contends the trial court erred in permitting Donovan DeLuca, counsel for GCDJFS, to
prosecute the permanent custody motion even though he had previously represented her
during the pendency of the proceedings pursuant to court appointment.
{¶8} Attorney DeLuca was appointed by the trial court on August 4, 2014 as
appellant’s co-counsel along with the Geauga County Assistant Public Defender, Colleen 2 R. Del Balso, to represent her at an adjudicatory hearing set seven days later, August 11,
2014. The next day, August 5, 2014, the Geauga County Assistant Public Defender
moved for leave to withdraw as counsel for appellant. For cause, Del Balso details her
efforts to meet with appellant, and appellant’s responses in which she cancels the
prescheduled meetings. Del Balso also advises the court of appellant’s repeated
statements that she is hiring Attorney Paul Mooney to represent her. The trial court
granted Del Balso’s motion on the same day it was filed. Attorney Paul Mooney filed his
notice of appearance for appellant, a motion for discovery, and a motion to continue the
adjudicatory hearing on August 7, 2014. Attorney DeLuca is not listed as co-counsel and
is likewise not listed in the certificate of service. The trial court granted appellant’s
motions on August 8, 2014 and does not list Attorney DeLuca as an attorney receiving a
copy of the judgment via Civ.R. 58(B). On August 13, 2014, the trial court sua sponte
“dismisses” Attorney DeLuca as appellant’s attorney.
{¶9} There are no pleadings filed on appellant’s behalf by Attorney DeLuca, and
appellant does not direct our attention to any resulting prejudice from DeLuca’s limited
appearance. She did not object or argue that a conflict existed on this basis during the
trial court proceedings.
{¶10} In State v. Gillard, 64 Ohio St.3d 304, 595 N.E.2d 878 (1992), the Supreme
Court addressed a comparable issue in a criminal action during which defense counsel
represented co-defendants at a preliminary hearing and then represented one of them in
the trial, even though the other eventually testified on behalf of the state. The Supreme
Court held that there was a clear possibility of a conflict of interest and that the trial court
knew or should have known that a possible conflict of interest existed that could have
affected counsel’s representation. In addressing the issue, Gillard differentiated between
an actual and a possible conflict of interest: 3 {¶11} “Where a trial court knows or reasonably should know of an attorney's
possible conflict of interest in the representation of a person charged with a crime, the
trial court has an affirmative duty to inquire whether a conflict of interest actually exists.
The duty to inquire arises not only from the general principles of fundamental fairness,
but from the principle that where there is a right to counsel, there is a correlative right to
representation free from conflicts of interest. * * * Where a trial court breaches its
affirmative duty to inquire, a criminal defendant's rights to counsel and to a fair trial are
impermissibly imperiled and prejudice or ‘adverse effect’ will be presumed. * * *
{¶12} “Although we cannot be sure that an actual conflict of interest existed, there
is a clear possibility of conflict of interest on the facts of this case. We find that the trial
court knew (or at least should have known) that a possible conflict of interest existed
which could affect [counsel’s] representation of appellant. * * * The trial court was
constitutionally required to conduct an inquiry into the possible conflict of interest to
determine whether appellant had received, and would receive, the right to conflict-free
counsel guaranteed him by the Sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution.
{¶13} “* * *
{¶14} “[W]e remand the cause to the trial court with instructions to conduct a
hearing to determine whether an actual conflict of interest existed in [counsel’s]
representation of appellant. If, upon remand, the trial court finds that an actual conflict of
interest existed, the trial court is hereby ordered to conduct a new trial free from conflicts
of interest.” Id. at 311-312.
{¶15} As in Gillard, supra, a possible conflict of interest is apparent because
DeLuca “represented” both appellant and GCDJFS during the same proceedings. What
is not apparent, however, is whether Attorney DeLuca ever undertook any steps in
representing appellant or whether his “representation” was only on paper via the court’s 4 appointment. Consistent with Gillard, a hearing is necessary to ensure that appellant
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[Cite as In re J.W., 2018-Ohio-2020.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
ELEVENTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
GEAUGA COUNTY, OHIO
IN THE MATTER OF: : OPINION
J.W., M.W., L.W., AND K.W., : ABUSED, NEGLECTED AND DEPENDENT CHILDREN : CASE NO. 2017-G-0139
Civil Appeal from the Geauga County Court of Common Pleas, Juvenile Division, Case No. 2014 JF 000213.
Judgment: Remanded.
James R. Flaiz, Geauga County Prosecutor, and Kelly M. Wallenfelsz, Assistant Prosecutor, Courthouse Annex, 231 Main Street, Suite 3A, Chardon, OH 44024 (For Appellee, Geauga County Department of Job and Family Services).
Gregory J. Wysin, 2037 Brady Lake Road, Kent, OH 44240 (For Appellant, Alison Ward).
Jay F. Crook, Shryock, Crook & Associates, LLP, 30601 Euclid Avenue, Wickliffe, OH 44092 (For Geauga County CASA).
THOMAS R. WRIGHT, P.J.
{¶1} Appellant, Alison Ward, appeals the September 19, 2017 judgment
terminating her parental rights and granting permanent custody of her four minor children
to the Geauga County Department of Job and Family Services (“GCDJFS”).
{¶2} Appellant raises four assignments of error. {¶3} “[1.] The trial court committed reversible, plain error by acting outside the
bounds of its jurisdiction when it extended temporary custody of the children to the
Geauga County Department of Job and Family Services beyond the two-year limitation
mandated by R.C. 2151.415(D)(4) in its judgment issued December 16, 2016.
{¶4} “[2.] The trial court committed plain, reversible error by acting outside the
bounds of its jurisdiction when it proceeded to entertain custodial motions after it had
ostensibly vacated its December 16, 2016 judgment entry granting legal custody to the
Mannings, and failed to return the children into either their mother’s custody, or into the
legal custody of the Mannings.
{¶5} “[3.] The court committed reversible error when it found that the Geauga
County Department of Job and Family Services had engaged in reasonable case planning
and diligent efforts to assist Ms. Ward in repairing her relationships with her children and
to finalize permanency for the children after those efforts were subverted by a rogue GAL,
acting beyond the scope of her appointment, and assisted by the children’s counsel.
{¶6} “[4.] The court committed reversible error when it permitted counsel for the
Department of Job and Family Services to prosecute the permanent custody motion
despite the fact that the same attorney had previously represented mother during the
pendency of the proceedings pursuant to an indigent court appointment.”
{¶7} In her fourth assignment of error, appellant claims reversible error based on
a violation of her Sixth Amendment Right to conflict-free assistance of counsel. She
contends the trial court erred in permitting Donovan DeLuca, counsel for GCDJFS, to
prosecute the permanent custody motion even though he had previously represented her
during the pendency of the proceedings pursuant to court appointment.
{¶8} Attorney DeLuca was appointed by the trial court on August 4, 2014 as
appellant’s co-counsel along with the Geauga County Assistant Public Defender, Colleen 2 R. Del Balso, to represent her at an adjudicatory hearing set seven days later, August 11,
2014. The next day, August 5, 2014, the Geauga County Assistant Public Defender
moved for leave to withdraw as counsel for appellant. For cause, Del Balso details her
efforts to meet with appellant, and appellant’s responses in which she cancels the
prescheduled meetings. Del Balso also advises the court of appellant’s repeated
statements that she is hiring Attorney Paul Mooney to represent her. The trial court
granted Del Balso’s motion on the same day it was filed. Attorney Paul Mooney filed his
notice of appearance for appellant, a motion for discovery, and a motion to continue the
adjudicatory hearing on August 7, 2014. Attorney DeLuca is not listed as co-counsel and
is likewise not listed in the certificate of service. The trial court granted appellant’s
motions on August 8, 2014 and does not list Attorney DeLuca as an attorney receiving a
copy of the judgment via Civ.R. 58(B). On August 13, 2014, the trial court sua sponte
“dismisses” Attorney DeLuca as appellant’s attorney.
{¶9} There are no pleadings filed on appellant’s behalf by Attorney DeLuca, and
appellant does not direct our attention to any resulting prejudice from DeLuca’s limited
appearance. She did not object or argue that a conflict existed on this basis during the
trial court proceedings.
{¶10} In State v. Gillard, 64 Ohio St.3d 304, 595 N.E.2d 878 (1992), the Supreme
Court addressed a comparable issue in a criminal action during which defense counsel
represented co-defendants at a preliminary hearing and then represented one of them in
the trial, even though the other eventually testified on behalf of the state. The Supreme
Court held that there was a clear possibility of a conflict of interest and that the trial court
knew or should have known that a possible conflict of interest existed that could have
affected counsel’s representation. In addressing the issue, Gillard differentiated between
an actual and a possible conflict of interest: 3 {¶11} “Where a trial court knows or reasonably should know of an attorney's
possible conflict of interest in the representation of a person charged with a crime, the
trial court has an affirmative duty to inquire whether a conflict of interest actually exists.
The duty to inquire arises not only from the general principles of fundamental fairness,
but from the principle that where there is a right to counsel, there is a correlative right to
representation free from conflicts of interest. * * * Where a trial court breaches its
affirmative duty to inquire, a criminal defendant's rights to counsel and to a fair trial are
impermissibly imperiled and prejudice or ‘adverse effect’ will be presumed. * * *
{¶12} “Although we cannot be sure that an actual conflict of interest existed, there
is a clear possibility of conflict of interest on the facts of this case. We find that the trial
court knew (or at least should have known) that a possible conflict of interest existed
which could affect [counsel’s] representation of appellant. * * * The trial court was
constitutionally required to conduct an inquiry into the possible conflict of interest to
determine whether appellant had received, and would receive, the right to conflict-free
counsel guaranteed him by the Sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution.
{¶13} “* * *
{¶14} “[W]e remand the cause to the trial court with instructions to conduct a
hearing to determine whether an actual conflict of interest existed in [counsel’s]
representation of appellant. If, upon remand, the trial court finds that an actual conflict of
interest existed, the trial court is hereby ordered to conduct a new trial free from conflicts
of interest.” Id. at 311-312.
{¶15} As in Gillard, supra, a possible conflict of interest is apparent because
DeLuca “represented” both appellant and GCDJFS during the same proceedings. What
is not apparent, however, is whether Attorney DeLuca ever undertook any steps in
representing appellant or whether his “representation” was only on paper via the court’s 4 appointment. Consistent with Gillard, a hearing is necessary to ensure that appellant
received conflict-free representation. “‘[A]n actual conflict of interest’ mean[s] a
conflict that affected counsel's performance—as opposed to a mere theoretical division
of loyalties.” (Emphasis sic.) Mickens v. Taylor, 535 U.S. 162, 171, 122 S.Ct. 1237, 152
L.Ed.2d 291 (2002).
{¶16} Accordingly, and consistent with the Supreme Court’s decision in Gillard,
we remand this case for fifteen (15) days from the date of this opinion for the trial court to
conduct a hearing to determine whether an actual conflict of interest existed. But see
Krauss v. Daniels, 6th Dist. Wood No. WD-98-076, 1999 WL 435114, *4 (June 30, 1999),
citing Hendrickson v. Maenle, 6th Dist. Lucas No. L-90-366, 1991 WL 270409, *6 (Dec.
20, 1991), cause dismissed, 63 Ohio St.3d 1470, 590 N.E.2d 1269 (1992) (finding
App.R. 12(D) vests appellate courts with the authority of limited remand only where we
reverse the trial court based on a finding of prejudicial error); Ohio Constitution, Article IV,
Section 3. If it finds an actual conflict of interest, then it shall conduct a new permanent
custody hearing free from conflicts of interest. Gillard, supra. If the trial court finds no
actual conflict of interest, then no further proceedings are required, and the trial court is
ordered to return the case to us so that we may complete our appellate review. Id.
{¶17} We remand for further proceedings consistent with this opinion.
CYNTHIA WESTCOTT RICE, J.,
COLLEEN MARY O’TOOLE, J.,
concur.