In Re JI

134 Cal. Rptr. 2d 342, 108 Cal. App. 4th 903
CourtCalifornia Court of Appeal
DecidedMay 19, 2003
DocketH025059, H025358
StatusPublished
Cited by3 cases

This text of 134 Cal. Rptr. 2d 342 (In Re JI) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering California Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
In Re JI, 134 Cal. Rptr. 2d 342, 108 Cal. App. 4th 903 (Cal. Ct. App. 2003).

Opinion

134 Cal.Rptr.2d 342 (2003)
108 Cal.App.4th 903

In re J.I. et al., Persons Coming Under the Juvenile Court Law.
Santa Clara County Department of Family and Children's Services, Plaintiff and Respondent,
v.
L.I., Defendant and Appellant.
In re L.I., on Habeas Corpus.

Nos. H025059, H025358.

Court of Appeal, Sixth District.

May 19, 2003.
Review Denied August 20, 2003.[*]

*344 Ann Miller Ravel, County Counsel, Teri L. Robinson, Deputy County Counsel, *345 for Plaintiff/Respondent: Santa Clara County Department of Family and Children's Services.

George W. Kennedy, District Attorney, Robert J. Masterson, Deputy District Attorney, for Respondent Children: J.I. et al.

Carol A. Koenig, Under Appointment by the Court of Appeal, Half Moon Bay, for Defendant/Appellant: L.I.

*343 PREMO, Acting P.J.

INTRODUCTION

LI (Mother) appeals from orders of the juvenile court terminating her parental rights to her son, J.I., and her daughter, J.H. In her opening brief Mother contends that she received inadequate notice of the hearing at which her rights were terminated, that there was insufficient evidence to support the finding that the children were adoptable, and that the court erred in refusing to continue the hearing when she did not appear. Mother has also filed a petition for writ of habeas corpus in which she seeks to bolster her contention that the court erred in refusing to continue the hearing. We ordered the habeas petition considered with this appeal.

While this appeal was pending, J.I. was removed from the prospective adoptive home where he and J.H., and their half-sister S.R. had been placed together.[1] The Santa Clara County Department of Family and Children's Services (the Department) now concedes that 15-year-old J.I. is not adoptable and the order terminating parental rights as to him must be reversed to avoid his becoming a legal orphan.[2] In light of J.I.'s changed circumstances, Mother raises the additional contention that the order pertaining to J.H. must also be reversed and her case remanded for the juvenile court to consider whether termination will substantially interfere with the siblings' relationship. (Welf. & Inst.Code, § 366.26, subd. (c)(1)(E).)[3] We requested and have received supplemental briefing from the Department and the children on this issue.

We conclude that reversal as to J.I. is appropriate. We shall affirm the juvenile court's order terminating parental rights as to J.H. and deny Mother's petition for writ of habeas corpus.

FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND

The Appellate Record

In May 2000 the juvenile court sustained the Department's petition alleging that Mother had failed to protect her three children, J.I., S.R. and J.H. (§ 300, subd. (b).) J.I. was 12, S.R. was eight, and J.H. was two years old at the time. A year later the juvenile court terminated reunification services and set a section 366.26 hearing to select a permanent plan for J.I. and J.H. The hearing was reset a number of times and was finally held on March 13, 2002. Mother was present at the hearing. The court identified adoption as the permanent placement goal for J.I. and J.H. but declined to terminate parental rights at that time.[4] The court continued the hearing for 180 days to give the Department *346 time to locate an appropriate adoptive home and set a continued hearing for September 9, 2002. On March 15, 2002, the Department mailed notice of the continued hearing date to Mother's last known address.

Mother last saw her children during a visit in April 2002. No visits took place in May or June because Mother had been incarcerated. Mother contacted the social worker in July asking to reinstate visits and two visits were set up for August. However, toward the end of August the social worker learned that Mother was again incarcerated and those visits had to be cancelled. The juvenile court issued an order on August 28, 2002 requiring Mother to be transported from Monterey County Jail to the September 9, 2002 hearing in Santa Clara County.

The continued hearing was held as scheduled on September 9, 2002. Mother did not appear. Mother's attorney asked the court to continue the matter because the attorney had not yet spoken with Mother about the Department's latest report. After confirming that Mother had been notified of the hearing date, the court denied counsel's request.

The Department's report for the continued hearing indicated that the children were placed with a family that was committed to all of them. The Department recommended that the court terminate parental rights to J.I. and J.H. to free them for their expected adoption. The court so ordered.

The Post-Judgment Evidence

The Department's March 5, 2003 status report reveals that J.I. remained with his sisters in the "fost-adopt" home until January 2003 when his placement was terminated. He was moved to the children's shelter where he remained at the time of the March 5, 2003 report. J.I. had no legal relatives because the juvenile court had previously terminated parental rights as to him, and there was no suitable person available to assume legal guardianship of him. The court ordered his permanent plan changed from adoption to `planned permanent living arrangement' and ordered that he continue under the care, custody and control of the Department for placement in a suitable foster home. The court ordered visitation with his two sisters at least twice per month.

ISSUES

1. Did Mother receive adequate notice of the hearing at which her parental rights were terminated?

2. Was the evidence sufficient to support the finding that J.H. was likely to be adopted?

3. Did the juvenile court err in refusing to continue the hearing at which Mother's parental rights were terminated?

4. In light of the Department's concession that the order terminating parental rights to J.I. must be reversed, should the matter be remanded for the juvenile court to consider whether the sibling relationship exception of section 366.26, subdivision (c)(1)(E) should apply to preclude termination of parental rights to J.H.?

DISCUSSION

Did Mother Receive Adequate Notice of the Hearing?

In general, due process requires only that the parent receive notice "`"reasonably calculated, under all the circumstances, to apprise interested parties of the [continued] pendency of the action and afford them an opportunity to present their objections."'" (In re Anna M. (1997) 54 Cal.App.4th 463, 468, 62 Cal. Rptr.2d 831.) Former section 366.23, subdivision (a), which applied at all times relevant *347 here, set forth detailed requirements for notifying parents whenever the court set a section 366.26 hearing.[5] Under former section 366.23, it was not necessary to give a parent a second notice conforming to the requirements of that section if he or she received proper notice of the hearing in the first instance and the hearing was continued to another date when the parent was present in court. (In re Malcolm D. (1996) 42 Cal.App.4th 904, 913, 50 Cal.Rptr.2d 148.) That was because "duplication of the more demanding and time-consuming service requirements of [former] section 366.23, where the permanent plan recommendation is not changed, would do nothing to enhance the likelihood the parent would appear at the continued hearing." (In re Phillip F. (2000) 78 Cal.

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Bluebook (online)
134 Cal. Rptr. 2d 342, 108 Cal. App. 4th 903, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/in-re-ji-calctapp-2003.