In re Jesús

17 B.R. 918, 1982 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 10755
CourtDistrict Court, D. Puerto Rico
DecidedJanuary 29, 1982
DocketCiv. No. 81-0269
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 17 B.R. 918 (In re Jesús) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, D. Puerto Rico primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
In re Jesús, 17 B.R. 918, 1982 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 10755 (prd 1982).

Opinion

OPINION AND ORDER

CEREZO, District Judge.

This case is before us pursuant to an appeal filed by debtors from an order dated December 16, 1980 entered by the Bankruptcy Court declaring appellees secured creditors. The factual background reveals that on June 22, 1975 debtors Wilfredo Ro-sado de Jesús and Ileana Rivera filed a petition in the Bankruptcy Court under Chapter 13 of the Bankruptcy Act.1 In their statement of personal property, debtors-appellants included the amount of $3,591.91, owned by them in stock of the Cooperativa de Ahorros, Puerto Rican Cement Co., appellees. In the statement of creditors having unsecured claims without priority appellants included, Cooperativa de Ahorros, hereinafter Cooperativa, as a creditor for $2,649.86. All creditors were notified of the bankruptcy proceedings. On May 26, 1977 the plan offered by debtors was accepted and later confirmed by the Bankruptcy Court on January 10, 1978. Cooperativa never appeared in the proceedings nor filed a proof of claim. Two years later, on January 14, 1980, debtors filed a complaint against Cooperativa requesting the discharge of their debt and an order to turn over the amount of $3,596.91 that Coo-perativa held in stock. No answer was filed to the complaint whereupon it was granted and judgment by default was entered on April 14, 1980. Cooperativa then requested and was granted reopening of the adversary proceedings. After memoranda were submitted and a hearing was held, the Bankruptcy Judge determined that pursuant to Article 17 of the Savings Credit Unions Act2 debtors-appellants, by operation of law, pledged their shares in the Cooperativa as guaranty to the loan granted by the latter. Therefore, the Court concluded that Cooperativa was a secured creditor and that its claim is a secured one to the extent of the amount and value of the shares held by it. The balance between the amount of the loan and the value of the shares was determined to be unsecured and discharged inasmuch as Cooperativa never filed a proof of claim with respect to that amount. Appellants allege that notwithstanding the fact that appellee has a statutory lien in its favor it has failed to make it valid by not complying with Rule 13— 302(e)(1). They contend that the Bankruptcy Court erred in classifying Cooperativa as a secured creditor.

The Bankruptcy Act defines the term “secured creditor” as follows:

[920]*920“Secured creditor shall include a creditor who has security for his debt upon the property of the bankrupt of a nature to be assignable under this title or who owns such a debt for which some endorser, surety, or other person secondarily liable for the bankrupt has such security upon the bankrupt assets.” 11 United States Code Section 1(28). See also Ivanhoe Bldg. & Loan Assoc. v. Orr, 295 U.S. 243, 55 S.Ct. 685, 79 L.Ed. 1419 (1935).

Rules 13-302(e)(l) of the Bankruptcy Rules states:

“A secured claim, whether or not listed in the Chapter 13 statement, must be filed before the conclusion of the first meeting of creditors in the Chapter 13 case unless the court, on application before the expiration of that time and for cause shown, shall grant a reasonable fixed extension of time. Any claim not properly filed by the creditor within such time shall not be treated as a secured claim for purposes of voting and distribution in the Chapter 13 case. Notwithstanding the foregoing the court may permit the later filing of a secured claim for the purpose of distribution by the debtor, the trustee, or a co-debtor.” (Emphasis added)

In this case it is undisputed that appellee was a secured creditor pursuant to Article 17 of the Savings Credit Union Act which hat creates a statutory lien in favor of Cooperativa upon its lending money secured with shares bought by the borrowers, appellants herein. However, the secured creditor status, for purposes of voting and distribution, was lost by Cooperativa when it failed to file its claim as required by Rule 13-302(e)(1). Abundant jurisprudence exists to the fact that the mentioned rule requires a secured creditor to file his claim prior to the conclusion of the first meeting of creditors in order to maintain secured status for the sole purpose of voting and distribution. However, appellant’s allegation that failure to comply with Rule 13-302(e)(l) has the effect of forfeiting appellees’ statutory lien and that the debt is thereby discharged is, as a matter of law, incorrect.

In United States National Bank v. Chase National Bank, 331 U.S. 28, 67 S.Ct. 1041, 91 L.Ed. 1320 (1947) the United States Supreme Court stated that under the provisions of the Bankruptcy Act there are several avenues open to a secured creditor of a bankrupt. These are:

(1) He may disregard the bankruptcy proceedings, decline to file a claim and rely solely upon his security if that security is properly and solely in his possession. In Re Cherokee Public Service Co., 94 F.2d 536; Ward v. First Nat. Bank, 202 F. 609.
(2) He must file a secured claim, however, if the security is within the jurisdiction of the bankruptcy court and if he wishes to retain his secured, inasmuch as that court has exclusive jurisdiction over the liquidation of the security. Isaacs v. Hobbs Tie & Timber Co., 282 U.S. 734 [51 S.Ct. 270, 75 L.Ed. 645] (1931);
(3) He may surrender or waive his security and prove his entire claim as an unsecured one. In Re Medina Quarry Co., [2nd Cir.] 179 F. 929; Morrison v. Rieman, [7th Cir.] 249 F. 97;
(4) He may avail himself of his security and share in the general assets as to the unsecured balance. Merrill v. National Bank of Jacksonville, 173 U.S. 131 [19 S.Ct. 360, 43 L.Ed. 640]; Ex Parte City Bank, 3 How. 292, 315 [11 L.Ed. 603].”

See Moore v. Nat. Bank of Abilene, 345 F.2d 638 (5th Cir. 1965); Collier on Bankruptcy, Vol. 3, p. 334, par. 5720(3), p. 169, par. 57.07(3); p. 181, par. 57.07(3.3) (14th Ed. 1964); R.I.D.C. Industrial Development Fund v. Snyder, 539 F.2d 494 (5th Cir. 1976).

Moreover, as stated in Moore v. Natl. Bank of Abilene at p. 640-641 supra (citing Collier, supra):

[A] secured creditor may exercise his option (to) keep his security and not file any claim. In that case ... there is no room for application of section 57(h)... The secured creditor must be left free to protect his interest in the security in his possession without concern for the fate of the debtor. If he wishes to rely solely on [921-923]*921-923his security, he is controlled only by the terms of the governing contract and principles of fair play.

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Related

In Re De Jesus
17 B.R. 918 (D. Puerto Rico, 1982)

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Bluebook (online)
17 B.R. 918, 1982 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 10755, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/in-re-jesus-prd-1982.