In re Harwood

519 B.R. 535, 72 Collier Bankr. Cas. 2d 992, 2014 Bankr. LEXIS 4646, 2014 WL 5835588
CourtUnited States Bankruptcy Court, N.D. California
DecidedNovember 7, 2014
DocketCase No. 11-50609-ASW
StatusPublished
Cited by4 cases

This text of 519 B.R. 535 (In re Harwood) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering United States Bankruptcy Court, N.D. California primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
In re Harwood, 519 B.R. 535, 72 Collier Bankr. Cas. 2d 992, 2014 Bankr. LEXIS 4646, 2014 WL 5835588 (Cal. 2014).

Opinion

Chapter 13

MEMORANDUM DECISION GRANTING MOTION TO DISMISS

Arthur S. Weissbrodt, U.S. Bankruptcy Judge

This matter comes before the Court on a Motion to Dismiss filed by the Chapter 13 Trustee (hereafter, “the Trustee”), who is represented by attorney Nanette Dumas. The. Motion is opposed by Debtor Tina Harwood (hereafter, “the Debtor”), who is represented by attorney Saman Taherian. Having considered the parties’ respective arguments and the applicable law, the Court grants the motion to dismiss.1

I. Background

The Debtor filed a chapter 13 bankruptcy petition on January 24, 2011. When the petition was filed, the Debtor’s underse-cured and general unsecured debts, as reflected in the schedules, totaled $556,962.67. There is no dispute that this amount of unsecured debt exceeded the statutory limit of $360,475.00 in effect on the petition date. Although the Debtor’s lack of chapter 13 eligibility was obvious from the face of the schedules, neither the Trustee nor the Debtor’s then-attorney spotted the problem.

On October 17, 2013, the Debtor’s current attorney, Mr. Taherian, entered an appearance. Almost six months after Mr. Taherian’s entry, and more than three years after the petition was filed, the Trustee filed a Motion to Dismiss on April 10, 2014, raising the chapter 13 eligibility issue for the first time. The Motion asserts, simply, that the Debtor is not eligible for relief under chapter 13 pursuant to 11 U.S.C. § 109(e) based on the Debtor’s scheduled unsecured debts.

The Debtor filed an Opposition to the Motion to Dismiss on April 25, 2014. The Opposition asserts four arguments against dismissal. First, the Debtor contends that the Motion is moot because of the post-petition “forgiveness” of debt secured by a second deed of trust on the Debtor’s residence. This first argument is not legally relevant. However, it is interesting, as discussed infra, because the Debtor later [537]*537states that the debt was not forgiven and was instead “extinguished.”

The Debtor’s second argument against dismissal is that the debt listed in schedule F of the original schedules was erroneous and should only have been $238,981. The Debtor explains that the original schedules were prepared by the Debtor’s previous attorney, who incorrectly listed the full face value of notes which were secured by real properties in Florida,2 failing to make a setoff for.foreclosure sale proceeds.

The Debtor’s third argument against dismissal is that the Trustee’s motion is not timely and that the motion should be barred under the doctrine of laches. The Debtor argues that the Debtor will be prejudiced by dismissal at this late juncture, and -states that the Debtor has been making payments to the Trustee for nearly three years. The Debtor also asserts that home prices have risen, and asserts that if the Debtor files a new chapter 13 ease, the Debtor will be forced to pay a substantial dividend to unsecured creditors. Consequently, the Debtor contends that any plan proposed in a new chapter 13 case will be harder, if not impossible, to perform. The Debtor states that filing a new bankruptcy case will also result in additional costs and will have a negative effect on the Debtor’s credit. The Debtor also asserts that the Debtor’s current attorney will be prejudiced, because counsel has spent considerable time and effort addressing objections filed in the case and took no money up front.

The Debtor’s fourth argument against dismissal is that the limits in § 109(e) are not jurisdictional.

The Trustee filed a Reply in support of the Motion on May 1, 2014. In the Reply, the Trustee agrees with the Debtor that the Court has jurisdiction over the case, notwithstanding the § 109(e) issue. Both parties have cited In re Wenberg, 94 B.R. 631 (9th Cir. BAP 1988), which stands for the non-controversial proposition that a bankruptcy court has jurisdiction to convert a case from chapter 13 to another chapter when there is a § 109(e) issue. At least one well-respected treatise has stated that eligibility under § 109(e) is not jurisdictional. See 2 Collier on Bankruptcy, ¶ 109.01[2] (16th ed. 2012). The Court agrees. Therefore, the Court treats the jurisdictional issue as conceded and resolved.

Nevertheless, the Trustee’s Reply states that dismissal remains appropriate. Regarding the post-petition forgiveness of debt, the Trustee asserts that under In re Scovis, 249 F.3d 975 (9th Cir.2001), this post-petition event does .not change the eligibility analysis, because post-petition events are not considered when determining ’eligibility. Regarding errors in the original schedules, the Trustee states that even-with corrections, the unsecured debts still totaled at least $422,325.31 on the petition date, which was over the limit for chapter 13 eligibility in effect when the petition was filed.

Cn the Debtor’s argument of laches, the Trustee makes several counter-arguments. As a threshold matter, the Trustee argues that the doctrine of laches does not apply at all, because the Trustee is not asserting any personal rights against the Debtor. As for the issue of prejudice, the Trustee asserts that the Debtor has not been prejudiced by the delayed request for dismissal because the Debtor has had the protection of the automatic stay for more than three years without a confirmed plan. The [538]*538Trustee acknowledges that the Trustee did not discover the lack of eligibility until very recently, and upon discovering this problem, the Trustee believed that the Trustee lacked discretion to refrain from filing this motion to dismiss.3 Also, the Trustee asserts that the Debtor’s current counsel should have done due diligence before substituting into the case and should have discovered the lack of the Debtor’s chapter 13 eligibility at that time.

A short hearing was held on May 6, 2014, on' the initial motion papers. Prior to the hearing, the Court issued a Tentative Order which set out a briefing schedule to address the issue of laches in more depth. That Tentative Order also identified a case for the parties to address in supplemental briefing: General Lending Corp. v. Cancio, 505 B.R. 63 (S.D.Fla.2014), aff'd, 578 Fed.Appx. 832 (11th Cir.2014) (applying laches to deny a creditor’s motion challenging eligibility under § 109(e)). The parties opted for a different briefing schedule than the schedule proposed by the Court. Under the parties’ agreement, the parties were permitted to file three sets of simultaneous briefs on June 16, July 15, and July 31, 2014.

Both sides filed briefs on June 16, 2014. The Debtor’s brief acknowledges that the unsecured debts are above the eligibility limits, this time stating that the general unsecured claims in Schedule F should have totaled only $224,044.31. However, the Debtor asks for special treatment of the debt secured by the second deed of trust, to eliminate this undersecured debt from the calculation. In direct contradiction to the Debtor’s original response, the Debtor states that the loan was not forgiven but was instead extinguished, and argues that the Court should treat this as a nullification of the loan and treat the loan as though it never existed on the petition date.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
519 B.R. 535, 72 Collier Bankr. Cas. 2d 992, 2014 Bankr. LEXIS 4646, 2014 WL 5835588, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/in-re-harwood-canb-2014.