In re Estate of Kruegel

545 N.W.2d 684, 1996 Minn. App. LEXIS 354, 1996 WL 146467
CourtCourt of Appeals of Minnesota
DecidedApril 2, 1996
DocketNo. C9-95-1751
StatusPublished

This text of 545 N.W.2d 684 (In re Estate of Kruegel) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Minnesota primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
In re Estate of Kruegel, 545 N.W.2d 684, 1996 Minn. App. LEXIS 354, 1996 WL 146467 (Mich. Ct. App. 1996).

Opinion

OPINION

MARTIN J. MANSUR, Judge.

Appellant Jeanette Rruegel challenges the district court’s order (1) ruling she is time-barred from electing to take an elective share in the estate of Arnold Kruegel (decedent), (2) allowing the estate to sell woodlots near her homestead, (3) denying her motion to increase monthly maintenance during the administration of the estate, and (4) denying her motion to remove farm machinery and equipment from the inventory of the estate. We affirm in part, reverse in part, and remand.

FACTS

Decedent, who was married to appellant for 29 years, died on April 21, 1994. The application for informal probate of his will and for appointment of an executor was filed on May 31, 1994. The same day, the registrar issued a statement of informal probate of the will.

In 1980, decedent executed a will that would, upon his death, place all of his property into two trusts. Appellant was to be the beneficiary of Trust A, which consisted of

assets that have a value in excess of the value of those assets that will be exempt from the Federal Estate Tax when the debts and expenses of my estate are deducted and credits available to my estate are applied against the Federal Estate Tax.

All remaining property was to be placed in Trust B for the benefit of decedent’s children. Under the federal estate tax in effect at the time of decedent’s death, his will placed all of his property in Trust B and none in Trust A. Appellant retained counsel to negotiate with the estate. Letters from appellant’s counsel to counsel for the estate’s personal representatives indicate that appellant was attempting to determine the value of the estate in order to make a decision about taking an elective share, including which of the estate’s assets she would take in order to get a one-third share.

On February 8, 1995, one of the estate’s personal representatives filed a petition for adjudication as to whether appellant was time-barred from electing to take an elective share. Appellant filed her notice of election of elective share and homestead rights on February 10,1995. Appellant also moved (1) that noncontiguous woodlots be considered part of the homestead, (2) that her maintenance allowance be increased, and (3) that certain farm machinery and equipment be removed from the inventory of the estate.

Following a hearing, the district court (1) ruled that appellant was time-barred from electing to take an elective share in the augmented estate, (2) ruled that noncontiguous woodlots are not part of the homestead and may be sold by the estate, (3) denied appellant’s motion to increase maintenance, and (4) denied appellant’s motion to remove farm machinery from the estate.

ISSUES

1. Should appellant be barred from electing to take an elective share because she failed to file the notice of election within the limitations provided in Minn.Stat. § 524.2-205(a)?

[687]*6872. Did the district court err in determining that woodlots near the homestead are not part of the homestead?

3. Did the district court abuse its discretion by denying appellant’s motion to increase maintenance?

4. Did the district court err by denying appellant a one-half interest in proceeds from certain farm equipment and machinery?

ANALYSIS

1. Respondents argue that the standard of review should be whether the district court’s findings are clearly erroneous and whether it erred in its legal conclusions. See In re Estate of Simpkins, 446 N.W.2d 188, 190 (Minn.App.1989) (reviewing probate court’s findings and conclusions to determine whether there was error). Simpkins involved the construction of a will. Id. at 190. We conclude that this case is distinguishable from Simpkins and is more akin to In re Estate of Hoppke, 388 N.W.2d 754 (Minn.App.1986). In Hoppke, this court applied an abuse of discretion standard to a probate court decision on whether to reopen a decedent’s estate to allow the filing of a late claim. Id. at 756.

Under Minnesota law:

The surviving spouse may elect to take an elective share in the augmented estate by filing in the court and mailing or d'eliv-ering to the personal representative,- if any, a petition for the elective share within nine months after the date of death, or within six months after the probate of the decedent’s will, whichever limitation last expires.

Minn.Stat. § 524.2-205(a) (1992).1 The nine-month time limitation from the date of decedent’s death was January 21, 1995. The trial court concluded that appellant was time-barred from making the election because she did not petition for the elective share either within nine months after decedent’s death or within six months after probate of the will.

We reject appellant’s argument that the phrase “probate of the decedent’s will” should be interpreted to include the entire process up until the closing of the estate. Minn.Stat. § 524.3-302 (1992) provides the following:

Upon receipt of an application requesting informal probate of a will, the registrar, upon making the findings required by section 524.3-303 shall issue a written statement of informal probate * * *. Informal probate is conclusive to all persons until superseded in a formal testacy proceeding. No defect in the application or procedure relating thereto which leads to informal probate of a will renders the probate void.

At the time the registrar fulfills the requirements of Minn.Stat. § 524.3-303 (1992) and issues a statement of informal probate, the will is probated for purposes of the phrase “probate of the decedent’s will” in section 524.2-205(a).. We note that other jurisdictions have rejected similar arguments that the probate of a will occurs at a date after the will is proved or accepted by a registrar. See In re Will of Fields, 570 So.2d 1202, 1203 (Miss.1990) (holding word “probate” refers to act of clerk accepting will for probate, not date that estate is closed); Crowell v. Sallen, 17 Mass.App.Ct. 437, 458 N.E.2d 1222, 1224 (1984), review denied 391 Mass. 1103, 461 N.E.2d 1219 (1984) (holding “probate of the will” refers to date that will is proved and allowed, not date that fiduciary is appointed to execute will’s provisions).

In this case, the will was informally probated on May 31,1994, more than six months before appellant filed her notice of election. Thus, the latest .date on which appellant could petition to take an elective share under section 524.2-205(a) was nine months after decedent’s death — January 21, 1995. She did not file the notice of election until February 10, 1995.

We conclude, however, that because of the equitable considerations in this case, the district court abused its discretion by ruling [688]*688that appellant’s election was time-barred. We find Hoppke instructive. In Hoppke, the county failed to file a petition for allowance of medical assistance claims within a two-month statutory limit. 388 N.W.2d at 755.

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Related

Matter of Estate of Hoppke
388 N.W.2d 754 (Court of Appeals of Minnesota, 1986)
In Re Will of Fields
570 So. 2d 1202 (Mississippi Supreme Court, 1990)
In Re the Estate of Cassius
392 N.W.2d 327 (Court of Appeals of Minnesota, 1986)
In Re Estate of Simpkins
446 N.W.2d 188 (Court of Appeals of Minnesota, 1989)
Crowell v. Sallen
458 N.E.2d 1222 (Massachusetts Appeals Court, 1984)

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Bluebook (online)
545 N.W.2d 684, 1996 Minn. App. LEXIS 354, 1996 WL 146467, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/in-re-estate-of-kruegel-minnctapp-1996.