In re Estate of King

857 A.2d 1257, 151 N.H. 425, 2004 N.H. LEXIS 165
CourtSupreme Court of New Hampshire
DecidedSeptember 9, 2004
DocketNo. 2003-829
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 857 A.2d 1257 (In re Estate of King) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Supreme Court of New Hampshire primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
In re Estate of King, 857 A.2d 1257, 151 N.H. 425, 2004 N.H. LEXIS 165 (N.H. 2004).

Opinion

DUGGAN, J.

The petitioner, Laurel King, the executrix of the Estate of J. Douglas King, appeals an order of the Hillsborough County Probate Court (Cassavechia, J.) declaring the decedent to be intestate because the petitioner failed to prove by a preponderance of the evidence that the decedent’s will was more likely lost than destroyed. The petitioner also appeals the award of attorney’s fees. We affirm in part and reverse in part.

This case is before us again after remand. See In re Estate of King, 149 N.H. 226 (2003) (King I). We recite only a brief history of facts necessary to decide this appeal.

In 1994, the decedent, J. Douglas King (hereafter, Douglas), executed a will that left his estate to the petitioner, his second -wife of fifteen years, with whom he had two minor children. In 1997, Douglas executed a codicil to the will. The codicil made no substantive changes to the will, but merely altered provisions for appointing the executor and trustees, and otherwise reconfirmed the 1994 will.

Douglas died suddenly and unexpectedly in a motorcycle accident on September 10, 2000. Id. at 228. The original 1994 will, last known to be in Douglas’ possession, was never found. Id. Instead, the petitioner obtained the 1997 original codicil and a copy of the 1994 will and filed them with the probate court. Id.

The respondents, Rebecca King Felmet, Rachel King and Jason King, are Douglas’ three adult children from a previous marriage. Id. They contested the documents filed by the petitioner, arguing that the 1994 will had been revoked. Id. The probate court applied a presumption of revocation, conducted an evidentiary hearing to determine the likely fate of the will and ruled that the petitioner failed to rebut the presumption of revocation. Id. at 228-30.

[427]*427In King 7, the petitioner challenged, among other things, the probate court’s application of the presumption of revocation. Id. at 230. We reversed and remanded because the probate court used an incorrect legal standard for the presumption, admitted improper hearsay evidence and did not consider certain testimony. Id. at 232. On remand, we instructed the probate court to: (1) not apply the presumption of revocation because it had vanished; (2) re-evaluate and make specific findings on the credibility of certain testimony; (3) exclude specific hearsay evidence; and (4) determine whether the petitioner established by a preponderance of the evidence that the will was more likely lost than destroyed. Id. at 233-35.

In accordance with our instructions, the probate court did not apply the presumption of revocation, reconsidered the evidence and made the following relevant factual findings. Douglas and the petitioner had a “stormy” marriage. Their relationship, although generally loving, was oftentimes “rocky and troubled.” On two occasions, divorce was contemplated and legal counsel secured. The relationship between Douglas and the petitioner became so estranged in the last year of his life that, in contemplation of divorce, they began to divide their assets. About two months before Douglas’ death, they reconciled for a brief period. On September 2, 2000, one week before Douglas’ death, they had another “blowout.” After this fight, Douglas wrote a missive to himself lamenting that his “life ha[d] come to an end.”

The court then re-evaluated the testimony and made specific findings on the credibility of the testimony of two witnesses, John Zelonis and Donna Stafford, both of whom supported the petitioner’s position that the will was lost and not revoked. With regard to Zelonis’ testimony, the court found that it “carrie[d] little weight given its internal inconsistencies.” As for Stafford’s testimony, the court found that it was “strained.”

In summary, the court stated:

[T]he evidence suggests that the decedent had become dissatisfied with his 1994 estate plan during the last year of his life. The evidence also shows that the relationship between the decedent and his family changed to such an extent during his last year that it is more likely that he revoked the 1994 will. He was clearly engaging people in conversations about how to include his adult children in his estate plan____His relationship with his wife was also clearly in trouble, if not nearing an end. He had even begun to divide their mutual property. He felt that [the petitioner] was unkind and disrespectful to him. He also felt that his younger children were disrespectful towards him. He [428]*428expressed sentiments such as feeling belittled by [the petitioner]. and his younger children. Finally, [the petitioner] remembered moving the couple’s important papers____She also recalled that their wills were contained in blue envelopes and had been filed together. However, when she looked for the decedent’s will, she could only find the empty envelope.

Based upon these findings, the probate court ruled that the petitioner failed to establish by a preponderance of the evidence that the will was more likely lost than destroyed. Accordingly, the probate court did not admit the copy of the will to probate and ordered distribution of the estate in accordance with the laws of intestacy. See RSA 561:1 (Supp. 2003). This appeal followed.

I. Presumption of revocation

First, the petitioner argues that the probate court erred because it applied the presumption of revocation which was contrary to our instruction in King I. We disagree.

The petitioner’s argument hinges on the probate court’s statement that the petitioner “has failed to rebut the presumption of revocation.” Although this statement read in isolation appears to be contrary to our instruction in King I, a review of the whole order makes it clear that the probate court did not apply the presumption of revocation. The probate court’s order subsequently acknowledged that “the presumption of revocation ‘vanished’” and that it was “to determine whether [the petitioner] has proven by a preponderance of the whole of the evidence that the will was more likely lost rather than destroyed.” After reviewing the evidence, the probate court concluded: “It is simply not likely that the will was lost in light of all of this evidence. It is more likely than not that the decedent destroyed the will____” Based upon a review of the order in its entirety, we conclude that the probate court applied the correct standard on remand.

II. Sufficiency of evidence

Next, the petitioner argues that the probate court erred in finding that she failed to establish by a preponderance of the evidence that the will was more likely lost than destroyed. We disagree.

We will not disturb the probate court’s decree unless it is unsupported by the evidence or plainly erroneous as a matter of law. RSA 567-A:4 (1997); In re Estate of Locke, 148 N.H. 754, 755 (2002). We review the record of the proceedings before the probate court to determine if the [429]*429findings, as made by the probate judge, could be reasonably made, given the testimony presented. In re Buttrick, 134 N.H. 675, 676 (1991). In reviewing this record, we are guided by the rule that “the trier of fact is in the best position to measure the persuasiveness and credibility of evidence and is not compelled to believe even uncontroverted evidence.” Id.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
857 A.2d 1257, 151 N.H. 425, 2004 N.H. LEXIS 165, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/in-re-estate-of-king-nh-2004.