[Cite as In re Estate of Geneva, 2016-Ohio-5382.]
COURT OF APPEALS TUSCARAWAS COUNTY, OHIO FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
JUDGES: IN THE MATTER OF THE ESTATE : Hon. Sheila G. Farmer, P.J. OF SAMUEL J. GENEVA, : Hon. W. Scott Gwin, J. DECEASED : Hon. William B. Hoffman, J. : : : Case No. 2016 AP 02 0013 : : : OPINION
CHARACTER OF PROCEEDING: Civil appeal from the Tuscarawas County Court of Common Pleas, Probate Division, Case No. 2015 ES 58030
JUDGMENT: Affirmed
DATE OF JUDGMENT ENTRY: August 15, 2016
APPEARANCES:
For-Appellee For-Appellant
BRAD K. HILLYER PAUL MANCINO, JR. Connolly, Hillyer & Ong 75 Public Square, Suite 1016 201 N. Main Street, Box 272 Cleveland, OH 44113 Uhrichsville, OH 44683 Tuscarawas County, Case No. 2016AP020013 2
Gwin, J.,
{¶1} Appellant appeals the judgment entries of the Tuscarawas County Court of
Common Pleas, Probate Division, denying his motions to quash subpoena.
Facts & Procedural History
{¶2} Decedent Samuel J. Geneva (“Geneva”) was involved in a serious auto
accident in 1994, which resulted in the death and injury of several individuals. In 1995,
Geneva was convicted of aggravated vehicular homicide. Several of the victims obtained
civil judgments against Geneva totaling over $500,000 after the trial court found the
collision was the result of Geneva’s negligence. Subsequently, the judgment creditors
attempted to obtain funds held by Geneva.
{¶3} In attempting to locate funds of Geneva’s, the trial court found Geneva,
through his power of attorney James Weaver (“Weaver”), sent $37,500 to appellant Paul
Mancino, Jr. In a judgment entry on February 24, 1999, the trial court ordered the funds
transferred to appellant in the amount of $37,500 be escrowed in appellant’s attorney
trust account fund. The trial court then ordered the funds to be deposited with First
National Bank of Dennison for the benefit of Geneva and his creditors. Appellant
appealed this order by the trial court, but the appeal was dismissed on July 22, 1999. The
money was not returned as ordered to First National Bank of Dennison.
{¶4} Geneva died on December 7, 2014. An estate was opened for Geneva and
Weaver was appointed the executor of the estate. The judgment creditors of Geneva
filed claims in the estate totaling over $820,000.
{¶5} On November 19, 2015, the magistrate issued an order finding the Estate
of Geneva is the owner of whatever remains of the $37,500 transferred to appellant in Tuscarawas County, Case No. 2016AP020013 3
1999 and Weaver has a duty to recover this estate asset. The trial court issued a
judgment entry on December 7, 2015 adopting and approving the magistrate’s decision.
{¶6} On December 22, 2015, counsel for Geneva’s estate issued a subpoena to
appellant to appear and testify at a hearing on January 14, 2016. Also in the subpoena
appellant was ordered to bring: all records relating to the $37,500 paid to him by Geneva
and/or Weaver in 1998/1999; proof that the funds were returned to Geneva or a cashier’s
check made payable to the Estate of Geneva in the amount of $37,500; and all trust
records, law firm deposits, account statements, disbursement receipts, transfer records
to appellant or his law firm, or any other person relating to these funds.
{¶7} Appellant filed a motion to quash subpoena on January 4, 2016. The
magistrate issued an order overruling the motion to quash on January 5, 2016, but re-
scheduled the hearing for January 22, 2016. Appellant filed a second motion to quash
on January 8, 2016 and argued the subpoena was unduly burdensome and oppressive,
there were no pending proceedings against him, and the records no longer exist. The
creditors filed a response to appellant’s motion on January 11, 2016. Weaver filed a
motion on January 13, 2016 indicating appellant’s office may have been receiving
approximately $2,000 per month from the State Teachers Retirement System (“STRS”)
for Geneva that was sent to a bank in Virginia.
{¶8} The magistrate issued an order on January 15, 2016 overruling appellant’s
second motion to quash. On January 22, 2016, appellant filed a motion to set aside the
magistrate’s order. The trial court denied the motion on January 26, 2016.
{¶9} The magistrate held a hearing on January 22, 2016. Appellant testified the
checks he received for Geneva from 1999-2006 were sent to Geneva. Appellant stated Tuscarawas County, Case No. 2016AP020013 4
he cashed the checks and mailed the money to Geneva in prison. Appellant then testified
Geneva authorized appellant to keep some of the funds for his ongoing attorney fee bill
and Geneva wanted some of the money sent to other people, which appellant stated he
did. Appellant did not return the $37,500 because he deemed the order telling him to do
so void. Appellant does not have records or invoices to show the amount of his attorney
fees.
{¶10} On January 26, 2016, the magistrate issued an order for appellant to turn
over relevant client escrow funds records pertaining to his transactions with and for
Geneva. Appellant filed a motion to set aside the magistrate’s order. The trial court
overruled appellant’s motion and ordered appellant to turn over the relevant client escrow
fund records pertaining to his transactions with and for Geneva that he has in his
possession or under his control.
{¶11} Appellant appeals the judgment entries of the Tuscarawas County Common
Pleas Court, Probate Division, and assigns the following as error:
{¶12} “I. THE TRIAL COURT ERRED IN NOT QUASHING THE SUBPOENA TO
NON-PARTY PAUL MANCINO, JR. BECAUSE THE SUBPOENA WAS UNDULY
BURDENSOME AND WHEN THERE IS NO ADVERSARY CASE PENDING PURSUANT
TO R.C. 2109.50 (PROCEEDINGS WHEN ASSETS CONCEALED OR EMBEZZLED).”
I.
{¶13} Although discovery orders are generally interlocutory, denials of motions to
quash subpoenas served on non-parties are final appealable orders. Foor v. Huntington
Nat’l Bank, 27 Ohio App.3d 76, 499 N.E.2d 1297 (10th Dist. Franklin 1986); Scott Process
Systems, Inc. v. Mitchell, 5th Dist. Stark No. 2012CA00021, 2012-Ohio-5971. An order Tuscarawas County, Case No. 2016AP020013 5
overruling a motion to quash a subpoena issued to a nonparty witness is appealable since
the nonparty witness has no recourse other than to appeal from the order overruling the
motion to quash. Id. Accordingly, the discovery orders in this case regarding appellant
and the motions to quash subpoena are final appealable orders.
{¶14} This Court’s standard of review of a trial court’s decision on a motion to
quash subpoena is the abuse of discretion standard. State ex rel. The V. Companies v.
Marshall, 81 Ohio St.3d 467, 692 N.E.2d 198 (1998). The Supreme Court of Ohio has
held the term of abuse of discretion implies the court’s attitude is unreasonable, arbitrary,
or unconscionable. Blakemore v. Blakemore, 5 Ohio St.3d 217, 450 N.E.2d 1140 (1983).
When applying this abuse of discretion standard, this court may not substitute our
judgment for that of the trial court. Pons v. Ohio State Med. Board, 66 Ohio St.3d 619,
614 N.E.2d 748 (1993).
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[Cite as In re Estate of Geneva, 2016-Ohio-5382.]
COURT OF APPEALS TUSCARAWAS COUNTY, OHIO FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
JUDGES: IN THE MATTER OF THE ESTATE : Hon. Sheila G. Farmer, P.J. OF SAMUEL J. GENEVA, : Hon. W. Scott Gwin, J. DECEASED : Hon. William B. Hoffman, J. : : : Case No. 2016 AP 02 0013 : : : OPINION
CHARACTER OF PROCEEDING: Civil appeal from the Tuscarawas County Court of Common Pleas, Probate Division, Case No. 2015 ES 58030
JUDGMENT: Affirmed
DATE OF JUDGMENT ENTRY: August 15, 2016
APPEARANCES:
For-Appellee For-Appellant
BRAD K. HILLYER PAUL MANCINO, JR. Connolly, Hillyer & Ong 75 Public Square, Suite 1016 201 N. Main Street, Box 272 Cleveland, OH 44113 Uhrichsville, OH 44683 Tuscarawas County, Case No. 2016AP020013 2
Gwin, J.,
{¶1} Appellant appeals the judgment entries of the Tuscarawas County Court of
Common Pleas, Probate Division, denying his motions to quash subpoena.
Facts & Procedural History
{¶2} Decedent Samuel J. Geneva (“Geneva”) was involved in a serious auto
accident in 1994, which resulted in the death and injury of several individuals. In 1995,
Geneva was convicted of aggravated vehicular homicide. Several of the victims obtained
civil judgments against Geneva totaling over $500,000 after the trial court found the
collision was the result of Geneva’s negligence. Subsequently, the judgment creditors
attempted to obtain funds held by Geneva.
{¶3} In attempting to locate funds of Geneva’s, the trial court found Geneva,
through his power of attorney James Weaver (“Weaver”), sent $37,500 to appellant Paul
Mancino, Jr. In a judgment entry on February 24, 1999, the trial court ordered the funds
transferred to appellant in the amount of $37,500 be escrowed in appellant’s attorney
trust account fund. The trial court then ordered the funds to be deposited with First
National Bank of Dennison for the benefit of Geneva and his creditors. Appellant
appealed this order by the trial court, but the appeal was dismissed on July 22, 1999. The
money was not returned as ordered to First National Bank of Dennison.
{¶4} Geneva died on December 7, 2014. An estate was opened for Geneva and
Weaver was appointed the executor of the estate. The judgment creditors of Geneva
filed claims in the estate totaling over $820,000.
{¶5} On November 19, 2015, the magistrate issued an order finding the Estate
of Geneva is the owner of whatever remains of the $37,500 transferred to appellant in Tuscarawas County, Case No. 2016AP020013 3
1999 and Weaver has a duty to recover this estate asset. The trial court issued a
judgment entry on December 7, 2015 adopting and approving the magistrate’s decision.
{¶6} On December 22, 2015, counsel for Geneva’s estate issued a subpoena to
appellant to appear and testify at a hearing on January 14, 2016. Also in the subpoena
appellant was ordered to bring: all records relating to the $37,500 paid to him by Geneva
and/or Weaver in 1998/1999; proof that the funds were returned to Geneva or a cashier’s
check made payable to the Estate of Geneva in the amount of $37,500; and all trust
records, law firm deposits, account statements, disbursement receipts, transfer records
to appellant or his law firm, or any other person relating to these funds.
{¶7} Appellant filed a motion to quash subpoena on January 4, 2016. The
magistrate issued an order overruling the motion to quash on January 5, 2016, but re-
scheduled the hearing for January 22, 2016. Appellant filed a second motion to quash
on January 8, 2016 and argued the subpoena was unduly burdensome and oppressive,
there were no pending proceedings against him, and the records no longer exist. The
creditors filed a response to appellant’s motion on January 11, 2016. Weaver filed a
motion on January 13, 2016 indicating appellant’s office may have been receiving
approximately $2,000 per month from the State Teachers Retirement System (“STRS”)
for Geneva that was sent to a bank in Virginia.
{¶8} The magistrate issued an order on January 15, 2016 overruling appellant’s
second motion to quash. On January 22, 2016, appellant filed a motion to set aside the
magistrate’s order. The trial court denied the motion on January 26, 2016.
{¶9} The magistrate held a hearing on January 22, 2016. Appellant testified the
checks he received for Geneva from 1999-2006 were sent to Geneva. Appellant stated Tuscarawas County, Case No. 2016AP020013 4
he cashed the checks and mailed the money to Geneva in prison. Appellant then testified
Geneva authorized appellant to keep some of the funds for his ongoing attorney fee bill
and Geneva wanted some of the money sent to other people, which appellant stated he
did. Appellant did not return the $37,500 because he deemed the order telling him to do
so void. Appellant does not have records or invoices to show the amount of his attorney
fees.
{¶10} On January 26, 2016, the magistrate issued an order for appellant to turn
over relevant client escrow funds records pertaining to his transactions with and for
Geneva. Appellant filed a motion to set aside the magistrate’s order. The trial court
overruled appellant’s motion and ordered appellant to turn over the relevant client escrow
fund records pertaining to his transactions with and for Geneva that he has in his
possession or under his control.
{¶11} Appellant appeals the judgment entries of the Tuscarawas County Common
Pleas Court, Probate Division, and assigns the following as error:
{¶12} “I. THE TRIAL COURT ERRED IN NOT QUASHING THE SUBPOENA TO
NON-PARTY PAUL MANCINO, JR. BECAUSE THE SUBPOENA WAS UNDULY
BURDENSOME AND WHEN THERE IS NO ADVERSARY CASE PENDING PURSUANT
TO R.C. 2109.50 (PROCEEDINGS WHEN ASSETS CONCEALED OR EMBEZZLED).”
I.
{¶13} Although discovery orders are generally interlocutory, denials of motions to
quash subpoenas served on non-parties are final appealable orders. Foor v. Huntington
Nat’l Bank, 27 Ohio App.3d 76, 499 N.E.2d 1297 (10th Dist. Franklin 1986); Scott Process
Systems, Inc. v. Mitchell, 5th Dist. Stark No. 2012CA00021, 2012-Ohio-5971. An order Tuscarawas County, Case No. 2016AP020013 5
overruling a motion to quash a subpoena issued to a nonparty witness is appealable since
the nonparty witness has no recourse other than to appeal from the order overruling the
motion to quash. Id. Accordingly, the discovery orders in this case regarding appellant
and the motions to quash subpoena are final appealable orders.
{¶14} This Court’s standard of review of a trial court’s decision on a motion to
quash subpoena is the abuse of discretion standard. State ex rel. The V. Companies v.
Marshall, 81 Ohio St.3d 467, 692 N.E.2d 198 (1998). The Supreme Court of Ohio has
held the term of abuse of discretion implies the court’s attitude is unreasonable, arbitrary,
or unconscionable. Blakemore v. Blakemore, 5 Ohio St.3d 217, 450 N.E.2d 1140 (1983).
When applying this abuse of discretion standard, this court may not substitute our
judgment for that of the trial court. Pons v. Ohio State Med. Board, 66 Ohio St.3d 619,
614 N.E.2d 748 (1993).
{¶15} Pursuant to Civil Rule 26(B)(1), the scope of discovery is broad and includes
“* * * any matter, not privileged, which is relevant to the subject matter involved in the
pending action, whether it relates to the claim or defense of the party seeking discovery
or to the claim or defense of any other party * * *.” However, a court should grant a motion
to quash subpoena if it subjects a person to undue burden. Civil Rule 45(C)(3)(d). After
the movant establishes undue burden, the motion shall be granted unless the party
issuing the subpoena shows a substantial need for the testimony that cannot be otherwise
met without undue hardship. Civil Rule 45(C)(5). If the party who issued the subpoena
fails to show they have a substantial need for the material that cannot otherwise be met
without undue hardship, the court must quash or modify the subpoena. Civil Rule
45(C)(5). Tuscarawas County, Case No. 2016AP020013 6
{¶16} Appellant first argues the trial court abused its discretion in not granting his
motions to quash subpoena because he is not a party to the case and no action is pending
other than Geneva’s estate case. We disagree. This Court has previously held that Civil
Rule 45 allows subpoenas to be issued to nonparties. Matics v. Matics, 5th Dist.
Tuscarawas No. 2012-AP-07 0040, 2013-Ohio-1871; Scott Process Systems, Inc. v.
Mitchell, 5th Dist. Stark No. 2012CA00021, 2012-Ohio-5971. Further, pursuant to Civil
Rule 34(C), any party seeking documents from a non-party may compel their production
by way of subpoena in accordance with Civil Rule 45. Brunstetter v. Keating, 11th Dist.
Trumbull No. 2002-T-0057, 2003-Ohio-3270. In 1999, the trial court ordered the funds at
issue to be deposited with First National Bank of Dennison for the benefit of Geneva and
his creditors. While this order was appealed by appellant, the appeal was subsequently
dismissed. Appellant obtained no stay of execution and the 1999 order did not expire by
its terms.
{¶17} Appellant also contends the trial court abused its discretion in not granting
his motions to quash subpoena because the subpoena was unduly burdensome. It is
appellant’s burden to establish the subpoena subjected him to an undue burden. McDade
v. Morris, 9th Dist. Summit No. 27454, 2015-Ohio-4670. In the instant case, the
subpoena requested appellant’s appearance and testimony at the hearing and all records
in appellant’s possession and/or control relating to the funds paid to him by Geneva and/or
Weaver. At the hearing, the questioning of appellant was limited to the funds at issue
and the 1999 judgment entry ordering the funds deposited at the First National Bank of
Dennison. We find the trial court did not abuse its discretion in not finding an undue Tuscarawas County, Case No. 2016AP020013 7
burden as the testimony was limited and there is no indication in this case that the
production of financial documents and records would be an undue burden.
{¶18} Further, even if appellant had shown undue burden, the estate showed a
substantial need for the testimony and production of documents that cannot be otherwise
met without such undue burden. The trial court ordered the funds to be returned to the
First National Bank in 1999 for the benefit of Geneva and/or his creditors. However, the
funds were not deposited as directed by the trial court. There is a substantial need for
appellant’s testimony and the records regarding the funds in an estate action for Geneva
where the executor is charged with collecting and distributing the assets of Geneva and
the trial court is tasked with determining whether the assets on the inventory are property
of Geneva’s estate. See R.C. 2113.31; R.C. 2115.02. Tuscarawas County, Case No. 2016AP020013 8
{¶19} Based on the foregoing, we find the trial court did not abuse its discretion
when it overruled appellant’s motions to quash subpoena. Appellant’s assignment of
error is overruled. The judgment entries of the Tuscarawas County Common Pleas Court,
Probate Division, are affirmed.
By Gwin, J.,
Farmer, P.J., and
Hoffman, J., concur