In Re Estate of Chlebos

550 N.E.2d 1069, 194 Ill. App. 3d 46, 141 Ill. Dec. 23, 1990 Ill. App. LEXIS 26
CourtAppellate Court of Illinois
DecidedJanuary 16, 1990
Docket1-88-2244
StatusPublished
Cited by8 cases

This text of 550 N.E.2d 1069 (In Re Estate of Chlebos) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Appellate Court of Illinois primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
In Re Estate of Chlebos, 550 N.E.2d 1069, 194 Ill. App. 3d 46, 141 Ill. Dec. 23, 1990 Ill. App. LEXIS 26 (Ill. Ct. App. 1990).

Opinion

JUSTICE SCARIANO

delivered the opinion of the court:

Patrick T. Murphy, the Public Guardian of Cook County, appeals from the circuit court’s order admitting the deceased’s will to probate. On appeal, Murphy contends that the testimony of the attesting witnesses to the will was insufficient to prove that the deceased was of sound mind and memory at the time that the will was executed. Although the deceased’s estate has failed to file a brief on appeal, we will consider the matter under First Capitol Mortgage Corp. v. Talandis Construction Corp. (1976), 63 Ill. 2d 128, 131-33, 345 N.E.2d 493. However, before we address the merits of the appeal, we will review whether it must be dismissed pursuant to In re Estate of Martino (1979), 72 Ill. App. 3d 867, 869-70, 391 N.E.2d 412.

We have a duty to consider our jurisdiction whether or not the issue was raised by the parties. (Johnson v. Northwestern Memorial Hospital (1979), 74 Ill. App. 3d 695, 697, 393 N.E.2d 712.) Murphy’s brief states that an order admitting a will to probate is appeala-ble under Illinois Supreme Court Rule 304(b)(1) (107 Ill. 2d R. 304(b)(1)). Rule 304(b)(1) provides in part:

“The following judgments and orders are appealable without the finding required for appeals under paragraph (a) of this rule:
(1) A judgment or order entered in the administration of an estate, guardianship, or similar proceeding which finally determines a right or status of a party.” (107 Ill. 2d R. 304(b)(1).)

The Committee Comments to Rule 304(b)(1) state that an order admitting a will to probate is appealable. (Ill. Ann. Stat., ch. 110A, par. 304, Committee Comments, at 14 (Smith-Hurd Supp. 1989).) However, In re Estate of Martino (1979), 72 Ill. App. 3d 867, 869-70, 391 N.E.2d 412, held that an order admitting a will to probate is not ap-pealable despite the Committee Comments because such an order is an interlocutory order rather than a final one. The court observed that an order admitting a will to probate neither terminates the litigation on the merits nor settles the rights of the parties, and that the Probate Act of 1975 prescribes a procedure for contesting a will. (See Ill. Rev. Stat. 1987, ch. lNP/a, par. 8 — 1.) However, we agree with the contrary result reached in In re Estate of Lynch (1982), 103 Ill. App. 3d 506, 508-09, 431 N.E.2d 734, which declined to follow Martino and instead held that an order admitting a will to probate is appealable under Rule 304(b)(1). Given that an admission hearing under section 6 — 21 of the Probate Act (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1987, ch. 110½, par. 6—21) does not toll the time for filing a will contest under section 8—1 (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1987, ch. 110½, par. 8—1), the court in Lynch reasoned that a party opposing a will who appeals from an order admitting the will to probate would have no remedy if no will contest were filed or if the six-month deadline for filing one had expired. The record in the present case does not disclose whether a will contest has been filed. Nevertheless, we believe that Lynch expresses the better view, and we therefore decline to dismiss the appeal and instead turn our attention to the merits. See also In re Estate of Thomas (1972), 6 Ill. App. 3d 70, 284 N.E.2d 513 (which reviewed an appeal from an order admitting a will to probate).

Irene A. Chlebos (hereinafter referred to as deceased) died on May 14, 1987. Her son, Robert J. Pilarski (hereinafter referred to as Pilarski), petitioned the circuit court of Cook County for admission of the will to probate, and on November 23, 1987, the court granted his petition. On December 29, 1987, Murphy, acting as guardian of the estate of deceased’s daughter, Bonita J. Pilarski, who is described in Murphy’s brief as mentally disabled, filed a petition requesting formal proof of the will, and a hearing was subsequently held.

At the hearing, the two subscribing witnesses to the will, Kenneth A. Burnett and Elwyn L. Johnson, testified that they witnessed deceased’s signing of the will at Loyola Hospital on January 5, 1987. They testified that they signed in the presence of deceased and each other, and that she signed in their presence. The record discloses that the -will consists of two pages. The dispositive paragraph appears to bequeath $100 to Bonita “as she is being adequately taken care of for her lifetime,” and the remainder of the estate (estimated at $90,000) to Pilarski. The attestation clause signed by Burnett and Johnson states:

“We, the undersigned, saw Irene A. Chlebos, in our presence, sign this instrument at its end; she then declared it to be her Will and requested us to act as witnesses to it; we believed her to be of sound mind and memory and not under duress or constraint of any kind; and then we, in her presence and in the presence of each other, signed our names as attesting witnesses; all of which was done on the date of this instrument.”

Kenneth Burnett testified that Pilarski, a co-worker, asked him to witness the execution of the will, which Burnett believed had been drafted by Pilarski. Burnett had never met deceased prior to witnessing her will, but he had a brief conversation with her about the will before he witnessed it. He did not remember the exact conversation, but he believed that deceased told him that he was going to witness the will.

When initially asked whether he believed that deceased was of sound and disposing mind and memory, Burnett responded, “I believe you know I am not a psychiatrist; yes. We held a conversation.” When twice asked the same question again, he answered, “I believe so, yes,” and “I believe she was.” Burnett testified that he believed that deceased was of sound mind because she was “awake” and “coherent enough to sign her name.” When questioned about deceased’s mental condition, Burnett responded, “I am not a medical doctor or psychologist.” Burnett testified that deceased looked at the will for “a long time” but he did not know whether she was reading it. He believed that Pilarski discussed the will with deceased, but the only portion of the conversation that he remembered was when Pilarski told deceased, “[S]ign here.” Nobody physically moved deceased’s hand when she signed the will. Burnett testified that he could not say that deceased was not of sound mind because he had a conversation with her, but that he did not know whether she was of sound memory.

When asked whether deceased was under duress, Burnett responded that he did not know, that he must have believed when he witnessed the will that she was under no duress, that she was a “sick lady,” that he could not “give a yes or no answer,” that “[s]he may have been, she may not have been,” and that “[i]t is possible that she may have been under duress.” He testified further that he had not learned anything that would lead him to believe that deceased was not of sound mind or memory or that she was under duress.

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Bluebook (online)
550 N.E.2d 1069, 194 Ill. App. 3d 46, 141 Ill. Dec. 23, 1990 Ill. App. LEXIS 26, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/in-re-estate-of-chlebos-illappct-1990.