In Re DS

76 S.W.3d 512, 2002 Tex. App. LEXIS 1527, 2002 WL 287738
CourtCourt of Appeals of Texas
DecidedFebruary 28, 2002
Docket14-00-01457-CV
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 76 S.W.3d 512 (In Re DS) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Texas primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
In Re DS, 76 S.W.3d 512, 2002 Tex. App. LEXIS 1527, 2002 WL 287738 (Tex. Ct. App. 2002).

Opinion

76 S.W.3d 512 (2002)

In the Interest of D.S.

No. 14-00-01457-CV.

Court of Appeals of Texas, Houston (14th Dist.).

February 28, 2002.

*515 Daniel E. McCarty, Houston, for Appellants.

Bonnie J. Fitch, Pamela E. George, Houston, for Appellees.

Panel consists of Justices ANDERSON, HUDSON, and FROST.

OPINION

KEM THOMPSON FROST, Justice.

This is a child-support-modification case. Appellant Leslie Shokes challenges the trial court's order denying his motion for modification of child support. We affirm.

I. FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND

Leslie Shokes and appellee Paula Shokes were divorced in 1987. Leslie and Paula had one child together, a daughter, D.S., who was two years old at the time of her parents' divorce. The original divorce decree provided that Paula would be the child's managing conservator and required Leslie to pay $275 in monthly child support.[1]

Both Leslie and Paula are medical doctors. In 1996, they entered into an agreement modifying Leslie's child-support obligation in the original divorce decree. They memorialized the agreement in an agreed order. Each of their attorneys signed the agreed order and, at their request, the trial court entered the order. The agreed order required Leslie to pay $500 per month in child support beginning on October 1, 1996, and that amount was to increase to $1,500 per month, effective September 1, 1999. The 1996 agreement was structured so that Leslie could make relatively small child-support payments in the first three years, while he was completing his orthopedic residency, and then pay a significantly higher amount after he completed his residency. The plan was to minimize Leslie's child-support obligation during the three-year period he was completing his residency requirements and making a lower wage, and then to increase it substantially to coincide with his anticipated entry into a much more lucrative private practice as an orthopedic surgeon. Under the 1996 agreement, Paula agreed not to seek an increase in child support throughout the three-year period (1996-1999). Paula honored her agreement not to seek an increase.

In November 1999, Leslie filed a motion to modify his child-support obligation as *516 set out in the 1996 agreed order, arguing that despite his earlier agreement, his salary was not sufficient to enable him to pay the additional $1,000 per month that went into effect in September 1999. In May 2000, after a trial on Leslie's motion for modification, the trial court entered an order denying Leslie any relief. Leslie now appeals, contending in six separate issues that the trial court abused its discretion in refusing to modify his child-support obligation as set out in the 1996 agreed order.

II. ISSUES PRESENTED ON APPEAL

In his first three issues, Leslie argues the trial court should have granted the modification because (1) the order is unenforceable as it provides for arbitrary automatic increases not based on the actual needs of the child and is speculative as to his anticipated future income; (2) there is uncontroverted evidence that shows, as a matter of law, that there is a material and substantial change in the circumstances; and (3) there is uncontroverted evidence that shows, as a matter of law, that he met the requirements of section 156.401(a)(2) of the Family Code, justifying a modification in child support. In issues four through six, Leslie contends the trial court abused its discretion by (4) refusing to file child-support findings as required by section 154.130 of the Family Code; (5) finding that it had no authority to alter the 1996 agreed order; and (6) failing to apply the guidelines of section 154.128 and section 154.129 of the Family Code, for computing support for children in more than one household, as mandated by section 156.406.

III. STANDARD OF REVIEW

We review a trial court's order setting or modifying child support under an abuse of discretion standard. Worford v. Stamper, 801 S.W.2d 108, 109 (Tex.1990) (per curiam). The test for abuse of discretion is whether the court acted arbitrarily or unreasonably, that is, without reference to guiding rules and principles. Id. In making this determination, we must view the evidence in the light most favorable to the trial court's actions and indulge in every legal presumption in favor of the judgment. Holley v. Holley, 864 S.W.2d 703, 706 (Tex.App.-Houston [1st Dist.] 1993, writ denied). We do not treat allegations of legal and factual insufficiency as independent grounds of error in this context because the appropriate standard of review is abuse of discretion. See Beaumont Bank, N.A. v. Buller, 806 S.W.2d 223, 226 (Tex.1991). A trial court abuses its discretion as to legal issues when it fails to analyze or apply the law correctly. Walker v. Packer, 827 S.W.2d 833, 840 (Tex.1992).

IV. ANALYSIS

A. Is the 1996 Agreed Order enforceable?

Leslie argues in his first issue that the 1996 order is unenforceable because (1) it lacks contract language; and (2) it provides for automatic increases and is not based on either the needs of the child or Leslie's salary.

Leslie has failed to properly brief his argument that the 1996 order is unenforceable because it lacks contract language. In order to avoid waiver of an issue on appeal, a party must discuss in his brief the facts and the authorities upon which he relies to maintain the issue. McPherson Enters. v. Producers Coop. Mktg. Ass'n, Inc., 827 S.W.2d 94, 96 (Tex. App.-Austin 1992, writ denied); see also Clone Component Distribs. of Am. v. State, 819 S.W.2d 593, 597 (Tex.App.-Dallas 1991, no writ) (finding that appellant's brief must include page references to record, *517 citations of authorities relied upon, and discussion of facts to support point at issue). A party waives a point by failing to provide supporting argument and authorities. McPherson, 827 S.W.2d at 96. Leslie has not provided any record cites or authority to support his position, and therefore has waived this argument.

Moreover, neither of the challenges Leslie makes to the propriety of the 1996 agreed order is permissible in this appeal. The agreed order states in pertinent part:

IT IS HEREBY ORDERED, pursuant to the parties' agreement, that child support paid by LESLIE K. SHOKES to PAULA GILDA SHOKES, be increased to five hundred dollars ($500.00) a month beginning on October 1, 1996, and increased to fifteen hundred dollars ($1,500) a month beginning on September 1, 1999.

Notably, the trial court did not issue a new support order, but merely declined to modify the 1996 order. Leslie failed to challenge the 1996 order by direct appeal at the time it was entered, and the time for doing so has long passed. Therefore, Leslie's attempted collateral attack on the 1996 order fails.

In an effort to escape the fatal effect of a collateral attack, Leslie cites In the Interest of J.M. and G.M., 585 S.W.2d 854, 856 (Tex.App.-San Antonio 1979, no writ). In J.M and G.M., the original divorce decree provided for child support based on automatic increases. Id. Two years later, when it was time to start paying the increased support, the father filed a motion to modify, requesting a reduction in child support. Id.

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76 S.W.3d 512, 2002 Tex. App. LEXIS 1527, 2002 WL 287738, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/in-re-ds-texapp-2002.