In Re BAC

144 S.W.3d 8, 2004 WL 691681
CourtCourt of Appeals of Texas
DecidedJuly 21, 2004
Docket10-02-00243-CV
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 144 S.W.3d 8 (In Re BAC) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Texas primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
In Re BAC, 144 S.W.3d 8, 2004 WL 691681 (Tex. Ct. App. 2004).

Opinion

144 S.W.3d 8 (2004)

In the Interest of B.A.C., A Child.

No. 10-02-00243-CV.

Court of Appeals of Texas, Waco.

March 31, 2004.
Opinion Concurring and Dissenting in Denial of Rehearing July 21, 2004.

*10 Nita C. Fanning, Waco, for appellant.

Stephen N. Smith, Martin, Showers, Smith & McDonald, Hillsboro, for appellee.

Before Chief Justice GRAY, Justice VANCE, and Justice REYNA.[*]

OPINION

TOM GRAY, Chief Justice.

This is an appeal of a judgment awarding child-support arrearages, and an attempted appeal of the contempt order included in that judgment. We dismiss the attempted appeal of the contempt order and affirm the judgment.

I. FACTUAL BACKGROUND

Appellant Larry Clark married Appellee Anna Marie Troxell, formerly Anna Marie Clark, in 1983. In February, 1984, Troxell gave birth to a daughter, B.A.C. In September, 1984, Clark and Troxell were divorced. The divorce decree appointed Troxell managing conservator of B.A.C. and ordered Clark to pay child support to Troxell. In 1988 or 1989, B.A.C. went to live with Troxell's father, Royce Gene Daily. In 1998, the court appointed Daily managing conservator of B.A.C. and ordered Clark to pay child support to Daily.

By 2001, Clark had paid approximately $5,100 of the approximately $7,200 in child support that he owed to Daily. The Attorney General, on Daily's behalf, moved for enforcement of the modification order's child-support order. The Attorney General sought only child support that had accrued since Daily's appointment as conservator. The trial court awarded Daily approximately $2,300 in child-support arrearages.

In 2002, Troxell filed a motion for enforcement of the divorce decree's child-support order. Troxell sought only child support that had accrued before the appointment of Daily as managing conservator. Clark had paid $120 of the approximately $23,500 in child support that he owed Troxell. The trial court ordered Clark to pay Troxell approximately $23,400 in child-support arrearages plus attorney's fees and found Clark in contempt for the failure to make payments in the past.

II. ANALYSIS

A. ISSUE 1

In Clark's first issue, he seeks review of that part of the trial court's judgment holding him in contempt. We lack jurisdiction over the issue. A contempt order is not an appealable final judgment. See Norman v. Norman, 692 S.W.2d 655, 655 (Tex.1985) (per curiam); Tex. Dep't of Human Resources v. Hebert, 621 S.W.2d 466, 467 (Tex.Civ.App.-Waco 1981, no writ); Hatton v. Grigar, No. 14-03-01210-CV, 2004 Tex.App. LEXIS 377, at * 3 (Tex.App.-Houston [14th Dist.] Jan. 15, 2004, no pet.) (mem.op.); In re K.S.E., No. 04-02-00319-CV, 2003 WL 21269585, 2003 Tex.App. LEXIS 4680, at * 2 (Tex.App.-San Antonio June 4, 2003, no pet.) (mem.op.).

This Court has held that "[i]t is appropriate to appeal from the denial of a motion to enforce in a" suit affecting the *11 parent-child relationship. In re Taylor, 45 S.W.3d 357, 358 (Tex.App.-Waco 2001, orig. proceeding [mand. denied]). There, we described the motion as a "motion to enforce/for contempt." Id. To the extent that Taylor suggests that a contempt order is a final, appealable order, we take this opportunity to overrule it.

Our holding in Taylor is not supported by the authorities that we cite there. In Taylor, we cited two cases. See id. at 358 (citing In re A.B., 994 S.W.2d 229 (Tex.App.-Eastland 1999, pet. denied); Litchfield v. Litchfield, 794 S.W.2d 105 (Tex.App.-Houston [1st Dist.] 1990, no writ)). Neither case supports the holding that contempt judgments are appealable. In A.B., though the appellant presented an issue concerning the denial of a motion for contempt, the court did not reach the issue of contempt but decided the case on another issue. A.B. at 230, 232. In Litchfield, moreover, although a motion for contempt was presented to the trial court, the appeal concerned only the summary judgment for child-support arrearages. Litchfield at 106, 107. In Taylor, we also noted that the Texas Family Code generally defines "order" as a "final order unless identified as a temporary order or the context clearly requires a different meaning." Taylor at 358 (quoting Tex. Fam.Code Ann. § 101.023 (Vernon 2002)). The legislative history of that section does not support our holding that contempt orders are appealable. Section 101.023 was added by House Bill 655 of the Seventy-Fourth Legislature. See Act of April 6, 1995, 74th Leg., R.S., ch. 20, § 1, 1995 Tex. Gen. Laws 113, 113 (amended 1997-2003). The Bill Analysis of H.B. 655 by the House Committee on Juvenile Justice and Family Issues states:

"The intent of" H.B. 655 "is a nonsubstantive recodification of the statutes relating to parents and children and suits affecting the parent-child relationship. This recodification does not make changes in the meaning or intent of present law." HOUSE COMM. ON JUV. JUST. & FAM. ISSUES, BILL ANALYSIS, Tex. H.B. 655, 74th Leg., R.S. (1995), http://www.capitol.state.tx.us/cgi-bin/tlo/ textframe.cmd? LEG=74 & SESS=R & CHAMBER=H & BILLTYPE=B & BILLSUFFIX=00655 & VERSION=2 & TYPE=A (last visited Mar. 26, 2004); see also SENATE COMM. ON JURISPRUDENCE, BILL ANALYSIS, Tex. H.B. 655, 74th Leg., R.S. (1995), http://www.capitol.state.tx.us/cgi-bin/tlo/textframe.cmd? LEG=74 & SESS=R & CHAMBER=H & BILLTYPE=B & BILLSUFFIX=00655 & VERSION=4 & TYPE=A (last visited Mar. 26, 2004).

The law prior to and since 1995 has been that a ruling on a motion for contempt is not appealable, but can only be challenged by an original proceeding. See Norman, 692 S.W.2d at 655; Wagner v. Warnasch, 156 Tex. 334, 338-39, 295 S.W.2d 890, 892-93 (1956); Andrews v. Andrews, Dallam 427, 428-29, 1841 WL 3102 (Tex.1841); Wall St. Deli, Inc. v. Boston Old Colony Ins. Co., 110 S.W.3d 67, 70 (Tex.App.-Eastland 2003, no pet.); see Rosser v. Squier, 902 S.W.2d 962 (Tex.1995) (orig.proceeding) (per curiam) (mandamus relief from fine assessed under contempt order). The law that a denial of a motion for contempt is not an appealable order is at least as strong as the law that the imposition of a contempt order is not appealable. See Wagner, 156 Tex. at 338-39, 295 S.W.2d at 892-93; Montes v. State, No. 05-03-01564-CR, 2003 WL 22413415, 2003 Tex.App. LEXIS 9021, at * 1 (Tex.App.-Dallas Oct. 23, 2003, no pet.) (not designated for publication) (mem.op.) (per curiam); Chambers v. Rosenberg, 916 S.W.2d 633, 634 (Tex.App.-Austin 1996, writ denied) (per curiam) (temporary injunction); Velez v. De Lara, 905 S.W.2d 43, 46 (Tex.App.-San Antonio 1995, no writ) (discovery sanctions); *12 Kawazoe v. Davila, 849 S.W.2d 906, 908 (Tex.App.-San Antonio 1993, no writ) (child support) (pre-1995 Family Code). The other courts of appeals considering suits affecting the parent-child relationship that arose under the 1995 Family Code have continued to hold that rulings on motions for contempt are not appealable. E.g., Franyutti v. Franyutti, No.

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