[Cite as In re Ang.O., 2018-Ohio-5195.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO SIXTH APPELLATE DISTRICT LUCAS COUNTY
In re Ang.O., N.O., Ant.O. Court of Appeals No. L-18-1161
Trial Court No. JC 16259053
DECISION AND JUDGMENT
Decided: December 21, 2018
*****
Christopher S. Clark, for appellant.
Angela Y. Russell, for appellee.
PIETRYKOWSKI, J.
{¶ 1} Appellant-father, B.C., appeals the June 26, 2018 judgment of the Lucas
County Court of Common Pleas, Juvenile Division, which terminated his parental rights
and granted permanent custody of N.O. to Lucas County Children Services (“LCCS”). {¶ 2} N.O. was born in 2014. LCCS was awarded temporary custody of N.O. and
her siblings in November 2016, following its complaint in dependency and neglect. The
complaint stated that mother had legal custody of her four children. The complaint
alleged that Nev.A.’s father was A.A., and that A.O. was Ang.O., N.O., and Ant.O.’s
father. 1 The complaint alleged that mother was not following through with the medical
needs of the children; there were allegations of domestic violence in the home dating
back to April 2016; and allegations that the children were being left with inappropriate
caregivers. The complaint indicated that LCCS believed that the two named fathers were
incarcerated. A case plan with a goal of reunification was filed.
{¶ 3} Three children were placed in foster care with the eldest, Nev.A., going with
her maternal great-grandmother. Ultimately, the three younger children were placed in
the same foster home.
{¶ 4} On September 15, 2017, LCCS filed a motion for permanent custody. The
motion claimed that mother was not following through with case plan requirements and
services. The identified fathers had not maintained contact with the caseworker or the
children.
{¶ 5} While the motion was pending, on October 19, 2017, appellant, through
counsel, made an oral motion for genetic testing to establish paternity of N.O. On the
date of the motion, appellant was incarcerated in New York. The testing was ordered and
1 Nev.A., Ang.O. and A.O. are not subjects in this appeal.
2. on February 12, 2018, the trial court acknowledged that the DNA results confirmed
appellant’s paternity as to N.O. Reflecting this finding, LCCS filed an amended motion
for permanent custody on March 12, 2018.
{¶ 6} L.C., N.O.’s paternal grandmother who had visited with her on multiple
occasions, filed a motion to intervene in the action on August 7, 2017. Following
appellant’s establishment of paternity in March 2018, L.C. filed an amended motion to
intervene and a motion for custody of N.O.
{¶ 7} On April 16, 2018, appellant filed a motion to continue the custody hearing
until his release from incarceration or, alternatively, a motion to convey appellant for the
hearing. On May 1, 2018, the motion was denied.
{¶ 8} A hearing on LCCS’ motion for permanent custody and L.C.’s motion for
legal custody was held May 29 and 30, 2018. At the start of the hearing, mother,
represented by counsel, consented to LCCS receiving permanent custody of the three
younger children; she executed a permanent custody agreement and waiver of rights
form. Attorneys for the fathers of Ang.O. and Ant.O. were permitted to withdraw due to
their inability to contact their clients. Appellant was represented by counsel.
{¶ 9} LCCS presented the testimony of the family’s caseworker and the children’s
foster parent. Relevant to this appeal, the caseworker testified that in December 2016,
appellant wrote her a letter from prison stating that his mother had permission to speak
with her. The caseworker stated that during LCCS’ involvement, appellant had no
3. contact with N.O. The caseworker testified that she believed it to be in N.O.’s best
interests that permanent custody be awarded to LCCS.
{¶ 10} The caseworker was cross-examined by appellant’s attorney regarding the
possibility of placement of N.O. in appellant’s mother’s house and the effect of
permanent custody being awarded to LCCS on N.O.’s ability to have a relationship with
the grandmother, father, and half-siblings. The caseworker acknowledged the possibility
that it could be foreclosed.
{¶ 11} Foster parent, A.W., testified that N.O. had been in her care since February
2017, and that she has had no contact with appellant. A.W. stated that if LCCS was
awarded permanent custody of the three children, she wished to adopt them.
{¶ 12} Grandmother, L.C., testified that she became aware of N.O. in December
2016, upon receiving a call from appellant while he was incarcerated. Appellant asked
his mother to check on N.O. after receiving news that she was in a coma after a television
fell on her. During cross-examination, however, L.C. was questioned about prior
testimony that N.O. was injured in March or April of 2016; L.C. maintained that she first
learned of N.O. when she was injured.
{¶ 13} L.C. was questioned about appellant’s attempts to establish paternity as to
N.O. She stated that appellant and the mother had purchased a DNA kit from a drugstore
and that he shared the results which confirmed that he was N.O.’s father. L.C. testified
that she did not know when the test was done. L.C. responded in the negative to
4. questions of whether appellant had ever established paternity through the court system,
that he ever paid child support for N.O., or that he ever visited N.O.
{¶ 14} L.C. further stated that she had custody of one of appellant’s children and
shared parenting of another child of his. She testified that when appellant is released
from prison he would be on probation for 16 months. L.C. testified that appellant would
not be returning to Toledo, he was planning on resuming his job in New York.
{¶ 15} Finally, the GAL testified that she was appointed in December 2016. As to
N.O., the GAL testified that N.O. was “terrified” when she first met her because she was
afraid the GAL was taking her away from her siblings. The GAL stated that N.O. is
happy now and feels safe in her home. The GAL recommended that LCCS be awarded
permanent custody of the three children. During cross-examination, the GAL stated that
appellant did send her a letter expressing his wish that his mother be awarded custody of
N.O. She agreed that a relationship between a grandchild and grandparent is important.
{¶ 16} On June 26, 2018, the trial court granted LCCS’ motion for permanent
custody; L.C.’s motion was denied. This appeal followed with appellant raising three
assignments of error for our review:
I. The trial court erred in terminating [B.C.]’s parental rights as a
matter of law.
II. The decision of the trial court in terminating the parental rights
of the appellant-father, and awarding permanent custody to Lucas County
Children Services is against the manifest weight of the evidence.
5. III. The trial court erred in terminating the parental rights of the
appellant-father, and awarding permanent custody to Lucas County
Children Services, based upon a determination that permanent custody is in
the child’s best interest. [O.R.C.§2151.414(B)(2)]
{¶ 17} Appellant’s first assignment of error challenges the trial court’s denial of
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[Cite as In re Ang.O., 2018-Ohio-5195.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO SIXTH APPELLATE DISTRICT LUCAS COUNTY
In re Ang.O., N.O., Ant.O. Court of Appeals No. L-18-1161
Trial Court No. JC 16259053
DECISION AND JUDGMENT
Decided: December 21, 2018
*****
Christopher S. Clark, for appellant.
Angela Y. Russell, for appellee.
PIETRYKOWSKI, J.
{¶ 1} Appellant-father, B.C., appeals the June 26, 2018 judgment of the Lucas
County Court of Common Pleas, Juvenile Division, which terminated his parental rights
and granted permanent custody of N.O. to Lucas County Children Services (“LCCS”). {¶ 2} N.O. was born in 2014. LCCS was awarded temporary custody of N.O. and
her siblings in November 2016, following its complaint in dependency and neglect. The
complaint stated that mother had legal custody of her four children. The complaint
alleged that Nev.A.’s father was A.A., and that A.O. was Ang.O., N.O., and Ant.O.’s
father. 1 The complaint alleged that mother was not following through with the medical
needs of the children; there were allegations of domestic violence in the home dating
back to April 2016; and allegations that the children were being left with inappropriate
caregivers. The complaint indicated that LCCS believed that the two named fathers were
incarcerated. A case plan with a goal of reunification was filed.
{¶ 3} Three children were placed in foster care with the eldest, Nev.A., going with
her maternal great-grandmother. Ultimately, the three younger children were placed in
the same foster home.
{¶ 4} On September 15, 2017, LCCS filed a motion for permanent custody. The
motion claimed that mother was not following through with case plan requirements and
services. The identified fathers had not maintained contact with the caseworker or the
children.
{¶ 5} While the motion was pending, on October 19, 2017, appellant, through
counsel, made an oral motion for genetic testing to establish paternity of N.O. On the
date of the motion, appellant was incarcerated in New York. The testing was ordered and
1 Nev.A., Ang.O. and A.O. are not subjects in this appeal.
2. on February 12, 2018, the trial court acknowledged that the DNA results confirmed
appellant’s paternity as to N.O. Reflecting this finding, LCCS filed an amended motion
for permanent custody on March 12, 2018.
{¶ 6} L.C., N.O.’s paternal grandmother who had visited with her on multiple
occasions, filed a motion to intervene in the action on August 7, 2017. Following
appellant’s establishment of paternity in March 2018, L.C. filed an amended motion to
intervene and a motion for custody of N.O.
{¶ 7} On April 16, 2018, appellant filed a motion to continue the custody hearing
until his release from incarceration or, alternatively, a motion to convey appellant for the
hearing. On May 1, 2018, the motion was denied.
{¶ 8} A hearing on LCCS’ motion for permanent custody and L.C.’s motion for
legal custody was held May 29 and 30, 2018. At the start of the hearing, mother,
represented by counsel, consented to LCCS receiving permanent custody of the three
younger children; she executed a permanent custody agreement and waiver of rights
form. Attorneys for the fathers of Ang.O. and Ant.O. were permitted to withdraw due to
their inability to contact their clients. Appellant was represented by counsel.
{¶ 9} LCCS presented the testimony of the family’s caseworker and the children’s
foster parent. Relevant to this appeal, the caseworker testified that in December 2016,
appellant wrote her a letter from prison stating that his mother had permission to speak
with her. The caseworker stated that during LCCS’ involvement, appellant had no
3. contact with N.O. The caseworker testified that she believed it to be in N.O.’s best
interests that permanent custody be awarded to LCCS.
{¶ 10} The caseworker was cross-examined by appellant’s attorney regarding the
possibility of placement of N.O. in appellant’s mother’s house and the effect of
permanent custody being awarded to LCCS on N.O.’s ability to have a relationship with
the grandmother, father, and half-siblings. The caseworker acknowledged the possibility
that it could be foreclosed.
{¶ 11} Foster parent, A.W., testified that N.O. had been in her care since February
2017, and that she has had no contact with appellant. A.W. stated that if LCCS was
awarded permanent custody of the three children, she wished to adopt them.
{¶ 12} Grandmother, L.C., testified that she became aware of N.O. in December
2016, upon receiving a call from appellant while he was incarcerated. Appellant asked
his mother to check on N.O. after receiving news that she was in a coma after a television
fell on her. During cross-examination, however, L.C. was questioned about prior
testimony that N.O. was injured in March or April of 2016; L.C. maintained that she first
learned of N.O. when she was injured.
{¶ 13} L.C. was questioned about appellant’s attempts to establish paternity as to
N.O. She stated that appellant and the mother had purchased a DNA kit from a drugstore
and that he shared the results which confirmed that he was N.O.’s father. L.C. testified
that she did not know when the test was done. L.C. responded in the negative to
4. questions of whether appellant had ever established paternity through the court system,
that he ever paid child support for N.O., or that he ever visited N.O.
{¶ 14} L.C. further stated that she had custody of one of appellant’s children and
shared parenting of another child of his. She testified that when appellant is released
from prison he would be on probation for 16 months. L.C. testified that appellant would
not be returning to Toledo, he was planning on resuming his job in New York.
{¶ 15} Finally, the GAL testified that she was appointed in December 2016. As to
N.O., the GAL testified that N.O. was “terrified” when she first met her because she was
afraid the GAL was taking her away from her siblings. The GAL stated that N.O. is
happy now and feels safe in her home. The GAL recommended that LCCS be awarded
permanent custody of the three children. During cross-examination, the GAL stated that
appellant did send her a letter expressing his wish that his mother be awarded custody of
N.O. She agreed that a relationship between a grandchild and grandparent is important.
{¶ 16} On June 26, 2018, the trial court granted LCCS’ motion for permanent
custody; L.C.’s motion was denied. This appeal followed with appellant raising three
assignments of error for our review:
I. The trial court erred in terminating [B.C.]’s parental rights as a
matter of law.
II. The decision of the trial court in terminating the parental rights
of the appellant-father, and awarding permanent custody to Lucas County
Children Services is against the manifest weight of the evidence.
5. III. The trial court erred in terminating the parental rights of the
appellant-father, and awarding permanent custody to Lucas County
Children Services, based upon a determination that permanent custody is in
the child’s best interest. [O.R.C.§2151.414(B)(2)]
{¶ 17} Appellant’s first assignment of error challenges the trial court’s denial of
his motion to continue the hearing until his release from prison. The trial court has
discretion to decide whether to proceed with a permanent custody hearing in the absence
of an incarcerated parent. State ex rel. Vanderlaan v. Pollex, 96 Ohio App.3d 235, 236,
644 N.E.2d 1073 (6th Dist.1994). However, an individual has a “basic,” “fundamental,”
and “essential” civil right to raise his or her own children. See In re Sprague, 113 Ohio
App.3d 274, 276, 680 N.E.2d 1041 (12th Dist.1996); In the Matter of: Dylan R., 6th Dist.
Lucas No. L-02-1267, 2003-Ohio-69, ¶ 21. Recognizing this important right, when an
incarcerated parent is not transferred to a permanent custody hearing, this court has
repeatedly held that “a parent’s due process rights are not violated when: (1) the parent is
represented at the hearing by counsel, (2) a full record of the hearing is made, and (3) any
testimony that the parent wishes to present could be presented by deposition.” In re
Joseph P., 6th Dist. Lucas No. L-02-1385, 2003-Ohio-2217, ¶ 52; In re Jesse P., 6th Dist.
Lucas No. L-04-1028, 2004-Ohio-3801, ¶ 51; In re Johnny H., 6th Dist. Lucas No.
L-06-1044, 2007-Ohio-748, ¶ 21.
{¶ 18} In the present case, appellant was represented by counsel at the hearing;
counsel vigorously cross-examined the witnesses. A full transcript was made of the
6. proceedings and has been reviewed by this court. Further, appellant’s wish that his
mother be awarded custody was also before the court. Additionally, although appellant
claimed he could be released in August 2018, the expiration of his term was in 2019.
LCCS’ motion had been pending since September 2017, and the children were in need of
a permanent home. Accordingly, we find that the trial court did not err when it denied
appellant’s motion for a continuance. Appellant’s first assignment of error is not well-
taken.
{¶ 19} Appellant’s second and third assignments of error are related and will be
addressed jointly. We first note that “[a] trial court’s determination in a permanent
custody case will not be reversed on appeal unless it is against the manifest weight of the
evidence.” In re A.H., 6th Dist. Lucas No. L-11-1057, 2011-Ohio-4857, ¶ 11, citing In re
Andy-Jones, 10th Dist. Franklin Nos. 03AP-1167, 03AP-1231, 2004-Ohio-3312, ¶ 28.
As the trier of fact, the trial court is in the best position to weigh the evidence and
evaluate the testimony. Id., citing In re Brown, 98 Ohio App.3d 337, 342, 648 N.E.2d
576 (3d Dist.1994). Thus, “[j]udgments supported by some competent, credible evidence
going to all the essential elements of the case will not be reversed by a reviewing court as
being against the manifest weight of the evidence.” C.E. Morris Co. v. Foley Constr.
Co., 54 Ohio St.2d 279, 376 N.E.2d 578 (1978), syllabus.
{¶ 20} R.C. 2151.414(B)(1)(a) provides that a trial court may grant permanent
custody of a child to the agency if it finds that, in addition to the placement being in the
best interest of the child:
7. The child is not abandoned or orphaned, has not been in the
temporary custody of one or more public children services agencies or
private child placing agencies for twelve or more months of a consecutive
twenty-two-month period, * * * and the child cannot be placed with either
of the child’s parents within a reasonable time or should not be placed with
the child’s parents.
{¶ 21} R.C. 2151.414(E) requires a trial court to find that a child cannot be placed
with either of the child’s parents within a reasonable time or should not be placed with
either parent if any of 16 factors are met. Here, as to appellant the trial court found that
R.C. 2151.414(E)(4), (E)(10), (E)(12) and (E)(16) applied. Those sections provide:
(4) The parent has demonstrated a lack of commitment toward the
child by failing to regularly support, visit, or communicate with the child
when able to do so, or by other actions showing an unwillingness to provide
an adequate permanent home for the child.
***
(10) The parent has abandoned the child.
(12) The parent is incarcerated at the time of the filing of the motion
for permanent custody or the dispositional hearing of the child and will not
8. be available to care for the child for at least eighteen months after the filing
of the motion for permanent custody or the dispositional hearing.
(16) Any other factor the court considers relevant.
{¶ 22} In reaching its decision, the trial court reasoned that father demonstrated a
lack of commitment toward N.O. despite knowledge that she was his biological child.
The court found that appellant had taken a DNA test prior to his incarceration but failed
to follow through with the court or child support agency until after LCCS’ permanent
custody motion had been filed. At the time of trial he was still incarcerated and even
assuming an early release in August 2018, he had a 16-month probation obligation. In
addition, appellant’s mother, L.C., testified that following his release from incarceration,
appellant intended on remaining in New York where he had employment. Thus, we hold
that the trial court’s findings under R.C. 2151.414(E) are not against the manifest weight
of the evidence.
{¶ 23} We further find that the court did not err in finding that the award of
permanent custody to LCCS was in N.O.’s best interests. N.O. had no relationship with
appellant and had been removed from her mother in November 2016. Since February
2017, N.O. and two of her half-siblings had been living together in a prospective adoptive
placement. The court concluded that the children needed a secure, permanent placement.
9. {¶ 24} Based on the foregoing, we find that the weight of the evidence supports
the trial court’s decision to award permanent custody to LCCS. Appellant’s second and
third assignments of error are not well-taken.
{¶ 25} On consideration whereof, this court finds that substantial justice was done
the party complaining. The judgment of the Lucas County Court of Common Pleas,
Juvenile Division, is affirmed. Pursuant to App.R. 24, appellant is ordered to pay the
costs of this appeal.
Judgment affirmed.
A certified copy of this entry shall constitute the mandate pursuant to App.R. 27. See also 6th Dist.Loc.App.R. 4.
Mark L. Pietrykowski, J. _______________________________ JUDGE Arlene Singer, J. _______________________________ Thomas J. Osowik, J. JUDGE CONCUR. _______________________________ JUDGE
This decision is subject to further editing by the Supreme Court of Ohio’s Reporter of Decisions. Parties interested in viewing the final reported version are advised to visit the Ohio Supreme Court’s web site at: http://www.supremecourt.ohio.gov/ROD/docs/.
10.