In Re: Amendments to Florida Rules of Criminal Procedure - 2025 Legislation

CourtSupreme Court of Florida
DecidedNovember 6, 2025
DocketSC2025-1496
StatusPublished

This text of In Re: Amendments to Florida Rules of Criminal Procedure - 2025 Legislation (In Re: Amendments to Florida Rules of Criminal Procedure - 2025 Legislation) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Supreme Court of Florida primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
In Re: Amendments to Florida Rules of Criminal Procedure - 2025 Legislation, (Fla. 2025).

Opinion

Supreme Court of Florida ____________

No. SC2025-1496 ____________

IN RE: AMENDMENTS TO FLORIDA RULES OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE - 2025 LEGISLATION.

November 6, 2025

PER CURIAM.

In response to recent legislation, The Florida Bar’s Criminal

Procedure Rules Committee has filed a “fast-track” report proposing

amendments to Florida Rules of Criminal Procedure 3.112

(Minimum Standards for Attorneys in Capital Cases), 3.131 (Pretrial

Release), 3.202 (Expert Testimony of Mental Mitigation During

Penalty Phase of Capital Trial; Notice and Examination by State

Expert), 3.203 (Defendant’s Intellectual Disability as a Bar to

Imposition of the Death Penalty), and 3.704 (The Criminal

Punishment Code). 1 The Committee voted 31-0-0 to approve the

proposed amendments to rules 3.112, 3.202, 3.203, and 3.704 and

1. We have jurisdiction. See art. V, § 2(a), Fla. Const.; see also Fla. R. Gen. Prac. & Jud. Admin. 2.140(e). voted 27-3-1 in favor of the proposal to amend rule 3.131. The

Committee did not publish its proposal before filing it with the

Court. After considering the Committee’s proposal and the relevant

legislation, we amend the Florida Rules of Criminal Procedure as

proposed by the Committee. The more significant revisions are

discussed below.

We amend rule 3.131 to create new subdivision (f)(2), which

states that the “court must revoke pretrial release for a person who

commits a violation of section 843.23, Florida Statutes, while the

person is on pretrial release.” This is consistent with the statutory

changes to section 843.23 requiring revocation of pretrial release for

tampering with an electronic monitoring device while on pretrial

release. Subsection (5) was added to section 843.23 by chapter

2025-78, section 1, Laws of Florida, and went into effect October 1,

2025.

Next, chapter 2025-102, section 3, Laws of Florida, created a

1.25 sentencing multiplier under section 921.0024(1), Florida

Statutes, for Aggravated Animal Cruelty under section 828.12(2),

Florida Statutes, with that multiplier going into effect July 1, 2025.

And, chapter 2025-75, section 3, Laws of Florida, created a 1.5

-2- sentencing multiplier under section 921.0024(1) for Fleeing or

Attempting to Elude or Aggravated Fleeing or Eluding under section

316.1935, Florida Statutes, with that multiplier going into effect

October 1, 2025. We amend rule 3.704(d) to add these new

multipliers to the general rules and definitions. Amendments to

rule 3.992 (Criminal Punishment Code Scoresheet) consistent with

these statutory changes were adopted separately in In re

Amendments to Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.992, No.

SC2025-1036 (Fla. Oct. 23, 2025).

Finally, for rules 3.112, 3.202, and 3.203, the terminology for

capital cases is broadened consistent with Florida law. In rule

3.112(b), the definition of capital trial is changed from “any first-

degree murder case in which the State has not formally waived the

death penalty on the record” to “any trial in which the defendant is

charged with a crime punishable by death unless the death penalty

is waived by the state on the record.” In rule 3.202(d) the phrase

“capital murder” is replaced with the phrase “a crime punishable by

death.” In rule 3.203, the phrase “first-degree murder cases” is

replaced with the phrase “cases in which a defendant is convicted of

a crime punishable by death.”

-3- Accordingly, the Florida Rules of Criminal Procedure are

amended as reflected in the appendix to this opinion. New

language is indicated by underscoring; deletions are indicated by

struck-through type. The amendments shall become effective

immediately. Because the amendments were not published for

comment prior to their adoption, interested persons shall have 75

days from the date of this opinion in which to file comments with

the Court. 2

It is so ordered.

2. All comments must be filed with the Court on or before January 20, 2026, with a certificate of service verifying that a copy has been served on the Committee Chair, Katelyn Knaak Johnston, Office of General Counsel, 117 West Duval Street, Suite 480, Jacksonville, Florida, 32202, kjohnston1@coj.net, and on the Bar Staff Liaison to the Committee, Kelly Smith, 651 East Jefferson Street, Tallahassee, Florida 32399, rules@floridabar.org, as well as a separate request for oral argument if the person filing the comment wishes to participate in oral argument, which may be scheduled in this case. The Committee Chair has until February 10, 2026, to file a response to any comments filed with the Court. If filed by an attorney in good standing with The Florida Bar, the comment must be electronically filed via the Florida Courts E-Filing Portal (Portal). If filed by a nonlawyer or a lawyer not licensed to practice in Florida, the comment may be, but is not required to be, filed via the Portal. Any person unable to submit a comment electronically must mail or hand-deliver the originally signed comment to the Florida Supreme Court, Office of the Clerk, 500 South Duval Street, Tallahassee, Florida 32399.

-4- MUÑIZ, C.J., and CANADY, LABARGA, COURIEL, GROSSHANS, FRANCIS, and SASSO, JJ., concur.

THE FILING OF A MOTION FOR REHEARING SHALL NOT ALTER THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THESE AMENDMENTS.

Original Proceeding – Florida Rules of Criminal Procedure

Katelyn Knaak Johnston, Chair, Criminal Procedure Rules Committee, Jacksonville, Florida, Joshua E. Doyle, Executive Director, The Florida Bar, Tallahassee, Florida, and Kelly Smith, Staff Liaison, The Florida Bar, Tallahassee, Florida,

for Petitioner

-5- APPENDIX

RULE 3.112. MINIMUM STANDARDS FOR ATTORNEYS IN CAPITAL CASES

(a) [No Change]

(b) Definitions. A capital trial is defined as any first-degree murder case in which the State has not formally waived the death penalty on the recordtrial in which the defendant is charged with a crime punishable by death unless the death penalty is waived by the state on the record. A capital appeal is any appeal in which the death penalty has been imposed. A capital postconviction proceeding is any postconviction proceeding wherein which the defendant is still under a sentence of death.

(c) [No Change]

(d) Lists of Qualified and Disqualified Conflict Counsel.

(1) Every circuit shallmust maintain a list of conflict counsel qualified for appointment in capital cases in each of three3 categories:

(A) – (C) [No Change]

(2) The chief judge for each circuit shallmust maintain a list of qualified counsel pursuant tounder section 27.40(3)(a), Florida Statutes.

(3) The chief judge for each circuit shallmust maintain a list of counsel who are disqualified to provide capital case representation pursuant tounder section 27.7045, Florida Statutes, and such list and any amendments thereto shallmust be forwarded to the chief judge of every other circuit.

(e) Appointment of Counsel. A court must appoint lead counsel and, upon written application and a showing of need by lead counsel, should appoint co-counsel to handle every capital trial in which the defendant is not represented by retained counsel. Lead counsel shallmust have the right to select co-counsel from

-6- attorneys on the lead counsel or co-counsel list. Both attorneys shallmust be reasonably compensated for the trial and sentencing phase. Except under extraordinary circumstances, only one1 attorney may be compensated for other proceedings.

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
In Re: Amendments to Florida Rules of Criminal Procedure - 2025 Legislation, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/in-re-amendments-to-florida-rules-of-criminal-procedure-2025-legislation-fla-2025.