Rugg, C. J.
TMs is a proceeding for the disbarment of an attorney at law.
1. The motion to dismiss was demed and overruled
A petition was filed in the Superior Court setting forth certain causes for disbarment, upon which issued an order of notice to [11]*11appear in the usual form signed by the clerk. The return of service shows that a copy of the petition with the order of the court thereon was delivered in hand to Mr. Allin. This was in accordance with a general practice.
A proceeding for the removal of an attorney at law from his office is not instituted, prosecuted or forwarded by a writ. It is not “founded on legal process according to the signification of the words ‘per. legem term,’ as used in Magna Charta,” and in the Constitution and statutes. “At common law an attorney was always liable to be dealt with in a summary way. . . . No complaint, indictment or information was ever necessary as the foundation of such proceedings. Usually they are commenced by rule to show cause, or by an attachment or summons to answer. ,. . . Sometimes they are founded on affidavit of the facts . . .; in other cases, by an order to show cause why he should not be stricken from the roll; and when the court judicially know of the misconduct of an attorney, they will of their own motion order an inquiry to be made . . . without issuing any process whatever.” Randall, petitioner, 11 Allen, 473, 479. In the respect that no writ or process issues, this proceeding resembles a petition for a writ of mandamus and for other extraordinary writs. Taylor v. Henry, 2 Pick. 397, for preliminary injunction and numerous other orders or rules to show cause. See Kennard v. Louisiana, 92 U. S. 480. No constitutional right of Mr. Allin has been infringed and no statutory provisions violated by this method of procedure. Boston Bar Association v. Casey, 211 Mass. 187, 193. Ex parte Wall, 107 U. S. 265-267, 271, 272. Randall v. Brigham, 7 Wall. 523, 539, 540. Thatcher v. United States, 129 C. C. A. 255, 260.
2. A finding was made after a hearing on the merits, to this effect: “He has wittingly promoted and sued a groundless suit; he has done falsehood in court, and he has not conducted himself in the office of an attorney within the courts with due fidelity to his client. While the first two of these specifications have appeared from the evidence, they are not made the ground of accusation against him in the petition filed in this matter. The third specification is the basis of the proceeding against him and is abundantly established.” It is not necessary to determine whether, under the principles of procedure already alluded to which are discussed at length in the cases heretofore cited, the court, after [12]*12a trial in which the accused attorney had had ample opportunity to be heard on all matters, might not have proceeded on the first two specifications, or whether the petition might not have been amended under the circumstances to conform to the evidence, Boston Bar Association v. Greenhood, 168 Mass. 169, 184, for the judge confined his action in maiding the order for disbarment to the ground specified. The statement of the other findings constituted no error. They all relate to the single matter of the conduct of the action brought for Mrs. Kelly by Mr. Allin. That whole transaction from its inception to its conclusion was a proper matter of investigation.
3. The finding to the effect that there had been want of fidelity to his client, Mrs. Kelly, in his conduct as attorney toward her, was warranted. It is not necessary to recite the evidence in detail. It was somewhat conflicting. A careful perusal of it convinces us that there was sufficient testimony to justify the conclusion reached. Boston Bar Association v. Scott, 209 Mass. 200, 203. Summarily stated, there is evidence which, if believed, as it must have been by the trial judge, showed that an action was brought in the name of Mrs. Kelly against certain defendants. That action was settled by the entry -of judgment for the defendants by agreement in writing, signed by Mr. Allin as her attorney, without the knowledge or special consent of the plaintiff, and without notice to her, as a part consideration for the procurement of an option to Mr. Allin from the defendants, to purchase real estate. The real estate subsequently was conveyed to him in accordance with the option. This transaction was concealed from Mrs. Kelly. She learned of it some time later and brought suit to enforce her rights. See Kelly v. Allin, 212 Mass. 327. The circumstance that the real estate speculation has turned out disastrously to Mr. Allin has no bearing upon his want of faithfulness to his client. Whether as an isolated fact the attorney had original authority given to him by Mrs. Kelly to dispose of her case as he deemed best is not decisive, for even if this were so, it did not justify the course which on all the evidence it has been found that he pursued.
4. The facts narrated in the finding as to want of fidelity to the client, supported as they are by the evidence, justify the further finding that the attorney “has been guilty of gross misconduct in his office.”
[13]*135. The entry of the order for disbarment * after the finding of facts, without further notice to the attorney, discloses no error of law. Boston Bar Association v. Casey, 213 Mass. 549, 556. He already had been fully heard. There was no occasion for an additional hearing upon the precise order to be entered in view of the findings. The entry of the order was not like the imposition of sentence in criminal cases. R. L. c. 173, §§ 79,109, are irrelevant.†
6. The judge of the Superior Court was not disqualified by reason of membership in the Boston Bar Association. That question was settled after a full discussion in Boston Bar Association v. Casey, 211 Mass. 187. That such membership is not a disqualification to sit in disbarment proceedings instituted by such associations also was held in Ex parte Alabama State Bar Association, 92 Ala. 113, and Bowman’s Case, 67 Mo. 146.
7. The denial of the motion for a rehearing presents no question of law. That was wholly a matter of discretion with the trial judge.
8. The general motion to vacate the judgment was denied rightly. There is no error of law upon the record in the respects there specified. The contention that the whole form of procedure was wrong has no foundation. Randall, petitioner, 11 Allen, 473.
9.
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Rugg, C. J.
TMs is a proceeding for the disbarment of an attorney at law.
1. The motion to dismiss was demed and overruled
A petition was filed in the Superior Court setting forth certain causes for disbarment, upon which issued an order of notice to [11]*11appear in the usual form signed by the clerk. The return of service shows that a copy of the petition with the order of the court thereon was delivered in hand to Mr. Allin. This was in accordance with a general practice.
A proceeding for the removal of an attorney at law from his office is not instituted, prosecuted or forwarded by a writ. It is not “founded on legal process according to the signification of the words ‘per. legem term,’ as used in Magna Charta,” and in the Constitution and statutes. “At common law an attorney was always liable to be dealt with in a summary way. . . . No complaint, indictment or information was ever necessary as the foundation of such proceedings. Usually they are commenced by rule to show cause, or by an attachment or summons to answer. ,. . . Sometimes they are founded on affidavit of the facts . . .; in other cases, by an order to show cause why he should not be stricken from the roll; and when the court judicially know of the misconduct of an attorney, they will of their own motion order an inquiry to be made . . . without issuing any process whatever.” Randall, petitioner, 11 Allen, 473, 479. In the respect that no writ or process issues, this proceeding resembles a petition for a writ of mandamus and for other extraordinary writs. Taylor v. Henry, 2 Pick. 397, for preliminary injunction and numerous other orders or rules to show cause. See Kennard v. Louisiana, 92 U. S. 480. No constitutional right of Mr. Allin has been infringed and no statutory provisions violated by this method of procedure. Boston Bar Association v. Casey, 211 Mass. 187, 193. Ex parte Wall, 107 U. S. 265-267, 271, 272. Randall v. Brigham, 7 Wall. 523, 539, 540. Thatcher v. United States, 129 C. C. A. 255, 260.
2. A finding was made after a hearing on the merits, to this effect: “He has wittingly promoted and sued a groundless suit; he has done falsehood in court, and he has not conducted himself in the office of an attorney within the courts with due fidelity to his client. While the first two of these specifications have appeared from the evidence, they are not made the ground of accusation against him in the petition filed in this matter. The third specification is the basis of the proceeding against him and is abundantly established.” It is not necessary to determine whether, under the principles of procedure already alluded to which are discussed at length in the cases heretofore cited, the court, after [12]*12a trial in which the accused attorney had had ample opportunity to be heard on all matters, might not have proceeded on the first two specifications, or whether the petition might not have been amended under the circumstances to conform to the evidence, Boston Bar Association v. Greenhood, 168 Mass. 169, 184, for the judge confined his action in maiding the order for disbarment to the ground specified. The statement of the other findings constituted no error. They all relate to the single matter of the conduct of the action brought for Mrs. Kelly by Mr. Allin. That whole transaction from its inception to its conclusion was a proper matter of investigation.
3. The finding to the effect that there had been want of fidelity to his client, Mrs. Kelly, in his conduct as attorney toward her, was warranted. It is not necessary to recite the evidence in detail. It was somewhat conflicting. A careful perusal of it convinces us that there was sufficient testimony to justify the conclusion reached. Boston Bar Association v. Scott, 209 Mass. 200, 203. Summarily stated, there is evidence which, if believed, as it must have been by the trial judge, showed that an action was brought in the name of Mrs. Kelly against certain defendants. That action was settled by the entry -of judgment for the defendants by agreement in writing, signed by Mr. Allin as her attorney, without the knowledge or special consent of the plaintiff, and without notice to her, as a part consideration for the procurement of an option to Mr. Allin from the defendants, to purchase real estate. The real estate subsequently was conveyed to him in accordance with the option. This transaction was concealed from Mrs. Kelly. She learned of it some time later and brought suit to enforce her rights. See Kelly v. Allin, 212 Mass. 327. The circumstance that the real estate speculation has turned out disastrously to Mr. Allin has no bearing upon his want of faithfulness to his client. Whether as an isolated fact the attorney had original authority given to him by Mrs. Kelly to dispose of her case as he deemed best is not decisive, for even if this were so, it did not justify the course which on all the evidence it has been found that he pursued.
4. The facts narrated in the finding as to want of fidelity to the client, supported as they are by the evidence, justify the further finding that the attorney “has been guilty of gross misconduct in his office.”
[13]*135. The entry of the order for disbarment * after the finding of facts, without further notice to the attorney, discloses no error of law. Boston Bar Association v. Casey, 213 Mass. 549, 556. He already had been fully heard. There was no occasion for an additional hearing upon the precise order to be entered in view of the findings. The entry of the order was not like the imposition of sentence in criminal cases. R. L. c. 173, §§ 79,109, are irrelevant.†
6. The judge of the Superior Court was not disqualified by reason of membership in the Boston Bar Association. That question was settled after a full discussion in Boston Bar Association v. Casey, 211 Mass. 187. That such membership is not a disqualification to sit in disbarment proceedings instituted by such associations also was held in Ex parte Alabama State Bar Association, 92 Ala. 113, and Bowman’s Case, 67 Mo. 146.
7. The denial of the motion for a rehearing presents no question of law. That was wholly a matter of discretion with the trial judge.
8. The general motion to vacate the judgment was denied rightly. There is no error of law upon the record in the respects there specified. The contention that the whole form of procedure was wrong has no foundation. Randall, petitioner, 11 Allen, 473.
9. Whether a suspension from practice for a specified period, or an absolute removal, was required in order that the demands of justice might be met and the due protection afforded to the public which only an upright bar can give, presents no question of law for our determination. Boston Bar Association v. Casey, 196 Mass. 100, 111.
10. The right of an attorney to practise his profession is precious and ought not to be taken away except after a full hearing and a fair trial. Courts should be sedulous to see that there is abundant opportunity for answering every charge if it can be an[14]*14swered and that no substantial error of law is committed in the course of the proceeding. A careful study of the present record convinces us that there is no occasion for reversing any order or sustaining any exception.
H. N. Allin, pro se.
O. D. Burrage, for the petitioner.
Exceptions overruled. Interlocutory orders and order of removal from the office of attorney at law affirmed.
Wait, J.