Hyster Co. v. Lawrence

846 S.W.2d 341, 1991 WL 472587
CourtCourt of Appeals of Texas
DecidedJuly 31, 1991
DocketNo. 12-91-00018-CV
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 846 S.W.2d 341 (Hyster Co. v. Lawrence) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Texas primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Hyster Co. v. Lawrence, 846 S.W.2d 341, 1991 WL 472587 (Tex. Ct. App. 1991).

Opinions

COLLEY, Justice.

In the underlying cause, plaintiff, Earnest Scott (Scott), a former employee of Northcutt Woodworks, L.P. (hereinafter “Northcutt”) filed a motion to compel production of certain documents generated by relator Hyster Company’s early investigation of an accident occurring on April 3, 1989, in which Scott was severely injured. Respondent, The Honorable R. Wayne Lawrence, District Judge, granted Scott’s motion. Relator now seeks a writ of mandamus compelling the respondent to vacate that order dated January 24, 1991. We conditionally grant the writ.

The core issue presented here is whether relator met the burden of producing evidence to satisfy the two-part analysis found in Flores v. Fourth Court of Appeals, 777 S.W.2d 38, 40-41 (Te :.1989). The production of such evidence is essential to the establishment of relator’s claimed discovery exemptions under Tex.R.Civ.P. 166b, subdivision 3, paragraph d, for certain documents prepared by relator in connection with its investigation or defense of the underlying suit, “or in anticipation of the ... defense of the claims made a part of the [underlying suit].” Another issue is whether relator met the additional requirement of pleading the specific exemption or privilege from discovery which they relied upon. See Loftin v. Martin, 776 S.W.2d [342]*342145, 147 (Tex.1989); Tex.R.Civ.P. 166b, subd. 4.

The record (pleading) reveals that, on April 3, 1989, Scott, an employee of Northcutt sustained severe bodily injuries while operating a forklift manufactured by relator, and sold to Northcutt by C. Jim Stewart and Stevenson, Inc. (hereinafter “S & S, Inc.”), when a “load of lumber fell onto the forklift and onto the overhead guard ... [of] ... the forklift.” It is likewise undisputed that Scott was engaged in performing a duty within the course and scope of his employment with Northcutt at the time of his injury. It is also undisputed that American International Recovery, Inc. (hereinafter “American”) was Northcutt’s workers’ compensation carrier at the time of the accident.

Scott filed a personal injury suit against relator and S & S, Inc. sometime prior to October 16, 1989. On November 1, 1989, Scott served relator with his first request for production of documents. With Scott’s agreement, the time for relator to respond to the request for production was extended to February 2,1990.1 On that date, relator served and filed its responses and objections to paragraph 2 of the request, reading:

Defendant objects to this Request to the extent that it seeks production of documents which were prepared by this Defendant and its representatives subsequent to the date when it had a reasonable basis for believing that a claim or suit would be made or filed against it and which were made by Defendant and its representatives in anticipation of and in preparation for the defense of the claims and suits herein. Rule 166(b), Texas Rules of Civil Procedure.
Defendant hereby offers to submit all of such documents to the Court for an in camera inspection should the Court deem it necessary.

On or about April 25, 1990, American intervened in the suit. On October 11, 1990, relator filed a motion for protection against a subpoena duces tecum calling for production of the same documents embodied in the earlier request for production. This subpoena was attached to Scott’s notice of intention to take relator’s deposition.

Relator, by its motion for protection, claimed the same exemption or privilege recited in its objections to Scott’s first request for production of documents. Following the filing of relator’s motion for protection, Scott served and filed a motion to compel the production of the documents sought by his first request for production.2 Scott alleged in his motion to compel production that those documents “if not entirely created prior to the institution of [suit] ... were in no way created in connection with this lawsuit.”

Relator made a written response to Scott’s motion to compel, alleging the same objection as earlier made to the request for production of documents. Attached to the response was the affidavit of Marvin L. Welch, relator’s risk manager. It appears from the affidavit testimony that Welch was a long-time employee of relator and had served as risk manager for relator for a period of six years. The affidavit also recited the following:

On April 12, 1989, I received an accident report by telefax communication from Dean E. Summers, Corporate Claims Manager for [S & S, Inc.], a Hyster Company dealer in Houston, Texas. The accident report described the April 3, 1989, accident at Northcutt Woodworks involv[343]*343ing Earnest Scott and the report specifically stated, ‘Forklift operator was stacking bundles of lumber when he bumped another stack of lumber causing two of those bundles to fall. One bundle hit overhead guard and one bundle landed on upright. Mr. Blackwell alleges that the weld on the overhead guard was defective. Northcutt’s Compensation Carrier [American] asked [Northcutt] to hold all parts. Mr. Blackwell has taken some pictures.’ Mr. Blackwell was identified as Joe Blackwell of Northcutt Wood-works Company in another part of the telefaxed report and Earnest Scott was identified as an employee of Northcutt Woodworks. The report further indicated that Mr. Scott had received personal injuries, including two fractured ribs, a fractured arm, possibly two cracked vertebrae in the neck, and that he was taken to Mother Frances Hospital in Tyler, Texas.

The affiant further stated that, based on statements by Mr. Blackwell indicating “that the weld on the overhead guard was defective, the actions of [American] in requesting that the parts be impounded, the extent of Mr. Scott’s injuries, ... I was convinced, upon receipt of the accident report, that a claim and lawsuit would eventually be pursued by the workers’ compensation carrier and by Mr. Scott against Hyster Company.” Later in the affidavit, Welch also testified that, upon receipt of the April 12, 1989, report, he notified relator’s general counsel of the products liability claim, and the accident report. The affidavit recited also that the attorney recommended that an investigation be undertaken at once, and it was. The affidavit concluded with a list of the documents generated by the investigation, designated by number and description, and recited that the eleven documents listed were the only ones received by relator regarding the accident and the investigation in question.

Here, as already noted, the ultimate issues presented are whether relator specifically pleaded the privilege claimed and produced sufficient evidence at trial to meet the two-part analysis found in Flores v. Fourth Court of Appeals. In Flores, we are taught (1) that an “objective examination” of the circumstances surrounding relator’s early investigation of the accident must be made, and such circumstances must reveal an “outward manifestation” indicating that either Scott or American (under former Tex.Rev.Civ.Stat.Ann. art. 8307, § 6(a))3 would soon file a products liability/personal injury suit against relator, and (2) that relator had, before embarking on its investigation of the accident, “a good faith belief that litigation would [soon] ensue.” Flores, 777 S.W.2d at 41.

Flores teaches also that “[t]here cannot be good cause to believe a suit will be filed unless elements of both prongs [parts] are present.” Id.

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Bluebook (online)
846 S.W.2d 341, 1991 WL 472587, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/hyster-co-v-lawrence-texapp-1991.