Hutcheson v. Heirs of McNutt

1 Ohio 15
CourtOhio Supreme Court
DecidedAugust 15, 1821
StatusPublished
Cited by6 cases

This text of 1 Ohio 15 (Hutcheson v. Heirs of McNutt) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Ohio Supreme Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Hutcheson v. Heirs of McNutt, 1 Ohio 15 (Ohio 1821).

Opinion

This case was decided by Judges Pease and Burnet, in Madison county,' July, 1823. The whole case is set out in the opinion by Judge Burnet. No arguments of counsel were furnished.

The complainant sets out in his bill, that in December, 1799, James McNutt, since deceased, executed an instrument of writing under his hand and seal, in the following words : “Be it remembered, that I, James McNutt, of Madison county, and State of Kentucky, do covenant and agree with John Hutcheson, of the county of Monroe, and State of Virginia, to make over and convey to the said Hutcheson, his heirs, or assigns, the one-half of the land that I shall obtain in virtue of my contract with Charles Arbuckle, heir at law of Matthias Arbuckle, deceased, on a military warrant for four thousand acres, obtained by the said Hutcheson for the representatives of Matthew Arljuckle, deceased, on the said Hutcheson being at one-half the expense, in land or otherwise, for procuring a title for the four thousand acres, to which agreement I bind myself, and heirs, firmly by these presents. Sealed with my seal, and dated this 23d day of December, 1799.” The bill also states, that in July, 1800, *the said James McNutt caused the said warrant to be located on four tracts, of one thousand acres each, on Darby creek. That afterward, to wit, in October, 1801, the said Arbuckle and McNutt made a division of the said tracts of land, in pursuance of their contract, by which the said McNutt received two tracts, containing together fifteen hundred and fifty [16]*16acres, as his share. That afterward, in July, 1806,' the complainant, by his agent, called on McNutt, requested a conveyance of half the said land, and offered to pay him the one-half of any necessary expenses he had been at. That McNutt hath obtained patents for the said land, in his own name, and hath refused to convey the moiety thereof to the complainant. ‘

The bill also charges, that in July, 1801, the said James MicNutt passed his obligation to the complainant, to make him a clear and sufficient deed to two hundred acres of land, in the Northwestern Territory, in that part laid off for the officers and soldiers of the Virginia line — that the land should be of the second quality — that the title should be made as soon as grants could be obtained, but that this contract was on the express condition, that if the warrant of James Thompson for 2,666 66-100 acres, which had been assigned by the complainant to Henry Banks, should be completely put in the possession of, and secured to the said Thompson, the contract was to be binding, otherwise to be void. The bill further ■states, that the said warrant was obtained from H. Banks, and put into the possession of McNutt, and that grants had been obtained for the land. That the said James McNutt died in 1809, and that the defendants are his heirs at law. The complainant prays for a specific performance, and for general relief.

The defendants, by their answer, admit that their father James McNutt, executed the contracts of December, 1799, and July, 1801; that the lands were located, divided, and partitioned, as is stated in the bill; but they allege that under the contract of 1799, the complainant did not advance the moiety of the expenses, and that under the contract of 1801, he did not procure the warrant of Thompson, and secure the same, as he was bound to do.

It appears from the testimony and exhibits, that in October, 1801, McNutt wrote to the complainant, advising him oí what he had done — stating the amount of his expenses in procuring the title to Arbuckle’s land, and complaining that the warrant of Thompson had not been obtained. That in September, 1802, he wrote to complainant, stating an estimate of his expenses — that there would *be five hundred and fifty acres coming to complainant when he paid the half of the expenses, and urging him to send him money, as he was in need. It appears that the complainant took no notice of these communications, but suffered the matter to sleep till 1806, when he sent his son to demand a conveyance, and [17]*17tender a moiety of the expenses. That McNutt, at that time refused to receive the money, or make the conveyance. That all the expenses of locating and procuring a title to the land, on Arbuckle’s warrant, had been advanced by McNutt. That he had also paid the taxes from 1800 to 1806 : and it does not appear that complainant has at any time paid to McNutt, or to any other person, a single cent on account of this land. It also appears that on the division between Arbuckle and McNutt, in October, 1801, the former gave the latter fifty acres and fifty dollars for the choice of tracts. That the complainant did not sign either of the contracts, or enter into any other obligation binding him to a performance. It also appears, that the warrant mentioned in the contract of 1801, was obtained by the exertions and at the expense of Thompson and McNutt. That the complainant refunded to Thompson the money expended by him. That McNutt in 1802 recognized the claim on this contract, soliciting a remuneration for his trouble and expense. That the warrants mentioned in this contract have been located, and the lands patented.

The claim of the complainant to a specific execution of these several contracts will be considered separately.

The first question presented on the contract of December, 1799, is whether the payment of a moiety of the expenses be not a condition precedent.

McNutt covenanted to convey to Hutcheson the one-half of the lands, “on the said Hutcheson being at one-half of the expense.” It is said that the participle, doing, performing, etc., prefixed to a covenant, renders it a mutual covenant, 2 H. Black. 1315; but when the covenant goes to the whole consideration, on both sides (as itdoes in the case before us), it is a condition precedent. 1 Fonb. 382. This contract was not signed by both parties, so as to give mutual remedies. It is the contract of McNutt alone. Should the defendants therefore execute the conveyance before the payment of the money, they are left without recourse ; but not so with the complainant, who, by paying his money in pursuance of the contract, perfects his right to call for a conveyance. Equity will always respect the intention of the parties, rather than the literal meaning of their words. The design in this case must have been, *that the complainant should pay the money, as the meritorious cause of the conveyance; otherwise, as the complainant is under no promise or contract to pay, the defendants might be required tO' [18]*18part from the land without the possibility of receiving the money, 1 Stra. 571. The case of Pordage v. Cole, 1 Saund. 320, is in confirmation of this doctrine; for although the plaintiff, in that case, had judgment, itwas'on the ground that both parties had sealed •the contract, and had mutual remedies against each other ; but the court observed that it might have been otherwise, if the specialty had been the words of the defendant only, and not the words of both parties, by way of agreement. A time also had been fixed for payment, which is a circumstance entitled to weight, and is stated, in a npte to that-authority, as the principal ground of the judgment. A reference to the natural order of the transactions, as to time, which form the substance of this contract, will show that the payment must be a condition precedent. When the contract was made the warrant had not been located; the fee'of the land was in govvernment, and consequently it was necessary that an entry and a survey should be made, and a patent obtained.

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Bluebook (online)
1 Ohio 15, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/hutcheson-v-heirs-of-mcnutt-ohio-1821.