Humphries v. Secretary of Health and Human Services

United States Court of Federal Claims·Decided November 22, 2021·No. 17-288·Published

Opinion

In the United States Court of Federal Claims OFFICE OF SPECIAL MASTERS No. 17-288V (to be published)

************************* COOPER J. HUMPHRIES, * * Chief Special Master Corcoran Petitioner, * * v. * Filed: October 26, 2021 * SECRETARY OF HEALTH * AND HUMAN SERVICES, * * Respondent. * * *************************

Jessica Ann Wallace, Siri & Glimstad, LLP, New York, NY, Petitioner.

Mark Kim Hellie, U.S. Dep’t of Justice, Washington, DC, Respondent.

DECISION GRANTING ATTORNEY’S FEES AND COSTS 1

On March 1, 2017, Cooper Humphries filed a petition seeking compensation under the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program (“Vaccine Program”). 2 Petitioner alleged that he had experienced Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (“POTS”) due to the administration of the human papillomavirus (“HPV”) vaccine on July 1, 2015, and an additional dose on August 14, 2015. Petition (ECF No. 1) at 1–2. Not long after the case was reassigned to me, Petitioner

1 Because this Decision contains a reasoned explanation for my actions in this case, it must be posted on the United States Court of Federal Claims website, in accordance with the E-Government Act of 2002, 44 U.S.C. § 3501 (2012). As provided by 42 U.S.C. § 300aa-12(d)(4)(B), however, the parties may object to the Decision’s inclusion of certain kinds of confidential information. Specifically, under Vaccine Rule 18(b), each party has fourteen days within which to request redaction “of any information furnished by that party: (1) that is a trade secret or commercial or financial in substance and is privileged or confidential; or (2) that includes medical files or similar files, the disclosure of which would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of privacy.” Vaccine Rule 18(b). Otherwise, the whole Decision will be available to the public. Id.

2 The Vaccine Program comprises Part 2 of the National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act of 1986, Pub. L. No. 99-660, 100 Stat. 3758, codified as amended at 42 U.S.C. §§ 300aa-10 through 34 (2012) (“Vaccine Act” or “the Act”). Individual section references hereafter will be to § 300aa of the Act (but will omit that statutory prefix). moved for dismissal on March 25, 2021 (ECF No. 67), and a decision granting the motion was entered on April 9, 2021. ECF No. 69.

Before I became responsible for this matter, Petitioner had previously requested an interim award of attorney’s fees and costs on March 4, 2020. Motion for Interim Attorney’s Fees and Costs, dated March 4, 2020 (ECF No. 52) (“Interim Fees Mot.”). Petitioner received $74,873.36, representing $42,901.50 in fees and $31,971.86 in costs, with minor adjustments to rates or requested but unsubstantiated costs. Decision, dated December 4, 2020 (ECF No 59) (“Interim Fees Decision”), at 13.

Petitioner has now filed a motion for a final award of attorney’s fees and costs. Motion, dated Sept. 27, 2021 (ECF No. 73) (“Final Fees Mot.”). Petitioner requests $27,453.10 in fees and costs for the work of two attorneys, Ms. Jessica A. Wallace and Ms. Debra A. Gambella, and three paralegals. Id. at 22. Petitioner also seeks $10,312.50 solely for expert costs. Id. at 10. Respondent reacted to the final fees request on October 12, 2021. See Response, dated Oct. 12, 2021 (ECF No. 74) (“Response”). Respondent requests I apply discretion in determining the appropriateness, and scope, of any fees award, and does not otherwise formally concede to or oppose the motion.

For the reasons set forth below, I hereby GRANT IN PART Petitioner’s motion, awarding fees and costs in the total amount of $24,707.79 reflecting $15,426.54 in attorney’s fees and $9,281.25 in costs.

ANALYSIS

I. Petitioner’s Claim had Reasonable Basis

Although the Vaccine Act only guarantees a reasonable award of attorney’s fees and costs to successful petitioners, a special master may also award fees and costs in an unsuccessful case if: (1) the “petition was brought in good faith”; and (2) “there was a reasonable basis for the claim for which the petition was brought.” Section 15(e)(1). I have in prior decisions set forth at length the criteria to be applied when determining if a claim possessed “reasonable basis” sufficient for a fees award. See, e.g., Sterling v. Sec’y of Health & Hum. Servs., No. 16-551V, 2020 WL 549443, at *4 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Jan. 3, 2020). Importantly, reasonable basis is only a threshold requirement in unsuccessful cases—establishing it does not obligate a special master to award fees, and the calculation of the sum to be awarded is otherwise subject to the same reasonableness standards governing all fees determinations.

A claim’s reasonable basis must be demonstrated through some objective evidentiary showing. Cottingham v. Sec’y of Health & Hum. Servs., 971 F.3d 1337, 1344 (Fed. Cir. 2020) (citing Simmons v. Sec’y of Health & Hum. Servs., 875 F.3d 632, 635 (Fed. Cir. 2017)). This objective inquiry is focused on the claim itself—counsel’s conduct in prosecuting the claim is irrelevant (although it may bulwark good faith). Simmons, 875 F.3d at 635. Reasonable basis

2 inquiries are not static—they evaluate not only what was known at the time the petition was filed, but also take into account what was learned about the evidentiary support for the claim as the matter progressed. Perreira v. Sec’y of Health & Hum. Servs., 33 F.3d 1375, 1377 (Fed. Cir. 1994) (upholding the finding that a reasonable basis for petitioners’ claims ceased to exist once they had reviewed their expert's opinion, which consisted entirely of unsupported speculation).

The standard for reasonable basis is lesser (and thus inherently easier to satisfy) than the preponderant standard applied when assessing entitlement, as cases that fail can still have sufficient objective grounding for a fees award. Braun v. Sec’y of Health & Hum. Servs., 144 Fed. Cl. 72, 77 (2019). The Court of Federal Claims has affirmed that “[r]easonable basis is a standard that petitioners, at least generally, meet by submitting evidence.” Chuisano v. Sec’y of Health & Hum. Servs., 116 Fed. Cl. 276, 287 (Fed. Cl. 2014) (internal quotations omitted) (affirming special master). The factual basis and medical support for the claim is among the evidence that should be considered. Carter v. Sec’y of Health & Hum. Servs., 132 Fed. Cl. 372, 378 (Fed. Cl. 2017). Under the Vaccine Act, special masters have “maximum discretion” in applying the reasonable basis standard. See, e.g., Silva v. Sec’y of Health & Hum. Servs., 108 Fed. Cl. 401, 401–02 (Fed. Cl. 2012). 3

This claim’s overall background bears on its reasonable basis. The determination to seek dismissal came four and one-half years after the matter’s initiation—and thus after substantial time had been invested in the case (as reflected by the prior interim fees award). In addition, issues with the claim’s substantive merit were raised four years ago, in Respondent’s initial Rule 4(c) Report, which identified the extent to which Petitioner relied on the primarily temporal association between vaccination and Petitioner’s POTS. Report, dated August 24, 2017 (ECF No. 11) (“Report”) at 12. Thereafter, Petitioner filed eight expert reports or supplemental reports, while Respondent filed seven. This is a significant amount of work to be performed in a case that will not be resolved formally.

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