Hudson v. Atiniz

1 Mass. L. Rptr. 332
CourtMassachusetts Superior Court
DecidedNovember 10, 1993
DocketNo. 91-5670-E
StatusPublished

This text of 1 Mass. L. Rptr. 332 (Hudson v. Atiniz) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Massachusetts Superior Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Hudson v. Atiniz, 1 Mass. L. Rptr. 332 (Mass. Ct. App. 1993).

Opinion

Butler, J.

The defendant Rusen Atiniz, Trustee of Fresh Pond Shopping Center Trust (Atiniz), moved for summary judgment on his third-party claim against third-party defendant Levitt Industries, Inc. (Brooks). Relying on plain provisions in the lease agreement, Atiniz seeks enforcement of the agreement therein requiring Brooks to defend and indemnify him. In response, Brooks moved for summary judgment against Atiniz on the grounds that the contractual indemnity provision in the commercial lease between Brooks and Atiniz is void pursuant to G.L.c. 186, §15, [333]*333and therefore Brooks has no duly to defend, indemnify or make contribution to Atiniz in the action brought against Atiniz by John and/or Sandra Hudson. Finally, Atiniz argues that G.L.c. 186, §15 does not apply to a lease in a commercial tenancy setting.

FACTS

The undisputed facts are as follows: Brooks leased certain premises from Atiniz in the Fresh Pond Shopping Center. Article IX of the lease, entitled “Insurance and Indemnity” provided as follows:

Tenant will indemnify and save landlord harmless from and against any and all claims, actions, damages, liability and expenses in connection with the loss of life, personal injury and/or damage to property arising from or out of any occurrence in, upon or at the Leased Premises or any part thereof, or occasioned wholly or in part by any act or omission of Tenant, its agents, contractors, employees, servants, lessees or concessionaires. In the event that Landlord shall, without fault on its part, be made a party to any litigation commenced by or against Tenant, then Tenant shall protect and hold Landlord harmless and shall pay all costs ... in connection with such litigation.

In February 1989, John Hudson (Hudson) slipped and fell while making a delivery at the loading dock for Brooks. The loading dock was located on premises owned by Atiniz and leased to Brooks. Hudson was injured as a result of that fall and brought suit against Atiniz, alleging that Atiniz was negligent in the “ownership, maintenance, control, inspection, repair, construction and design of said premises.” Brooks has admitted that at the time of the accident, Hudson was employed by Brooks and acting within the scope of his employment.

Atiniz filed a third-party complaint against Brooks for contribution and indemnification. For the following reasons, Atiniz’s motion for summary judgment against Brooks is denied, and Brooks’s cross-motion for summary judgment against Atiniz is allowed.

DISCUSSION

Summary judgment shall be granted where there are no genuine issues as to any material fact and where the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Cassesso v. Commissioner of Correction, 390 Mass. 419, 422 (1983); Community National Bank v. Dawes, 369 Mass. 550, 553 (1976); Mass.R.Civ.P. 56(c). The moving party bears the burden of affirmatively demonstrating the absence of a triable issue, “and [further] that the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law.” Pederson v. Time, Inc., 404 Mass. 14, 16-17 (1989). A party moving for summary judgment who does not have the burden of proof at trial may demonstrate the absence of a triable issue either by submitting affirmative evidence that negates an essential element of the opponent’s case or “by demonstrating that proof of that element is unlikely to be forthcoming at trial.” Flesner v. Technical Communications Corp., 410 Mass. 805, 809 (1991); accord, Kourouvacilis v. General Motors Corp., 410 Mass. 706, 716 (1991). “If the moving party establishes the absence of triable issue, the party opposing the motion must respond and allege specific facts which would establish the existence of a genuine issue of material fact in order to defeat [the] motion.” Pederson, supra, 404 Mass, at 17. ”[T]he opposing party cannot rest on his or her pleadings and mere assertions of disputed facts to defeat the motion for summary judgment.” LaLonde v. Eissner, 405 Mass. 297, 209 (1989).

I. Indemnification clause

Atiniz argues that pursuant to the applicable lease, Brooks owes a duty to indemnify Atiniz in connection with the tort claims of Hudson. Under G.L.c. 186, §15, certain indemnification clauses between landlords and tenants are found to be against public policy. The statute states:

Any provision of a lease or other rental agreement relating to real property whereby a lessee or tenant enters into a covenant, agreement or contract, by the use of any words whatsoever, the effect of which is to indemnify the lessor or landlord or hold the lessor or landlord harmless, or preclude or exonerate the lessor or landlord from any or all liability to the lessee or tenant, or to any other person, for any injury, loss, damage or liability arising from any omission, fault, negligence or other misconduct of the lessor or landlord on or about the leased or rented premises or on or about any elevators, stairways, hallways or other appurtenance used in connection therewith, shall be deemed to be against public policy and void.

G.L.c. 186 §15.

A landlord cannot contract away any potential liability it may have for injury, loss or damage resulting from any omission, fault, negligence or misconduct on the part of the landlord. Young v. Garwacki, 380 Mass. 162, 171 (1980). See Massey v. Cloutier, 26 Mass.App.Ct. 1003, 1004 (1988) (agreement that landlord would not be responsible for dilapidated condition of premises was no defense to personal injury action). We must look to the language of the provision in the Atiniz/Brooks lease to determine if it is void pursuant to G.L.c. 186, §15.

The relevant clause requires Brooks to indemnify Atiniz from any claims, actions, damages, liability and expense in connection with personal injury (among other things) arising from or out of any occurrence in, upon, or at the leased premises or any part thereof. Such occurrence could in fact be due to the omission, fault, negligence or misconduct of the landlord Atiniz and thus would be void under G.L.c. 186, §15. Although the clause goes on to provide that Brooks will indemnify Atiniz for any loss resulting from an act or omission of Brooks itself, the first part of the clause [334]*334provides for indemnification from claims arising from any occurrence upon the premises. This language does not limit potential negligence to Brooks’s acts alone and therefore provides for indemnification from claims for which Atiniz might be liable.

Furthermore, the plaintiff, Hudson, would have to prove that Atiniz was negligent before Atiniz would be able to seek indemnification from Brooks. If it were held that Atiniz was not negligent, there would be no need for indemnification from Brooks. Therefore, Atiniz is claiming that Brooks must provide indemnification for a loss resulting from Atiniz’s negligence. Any provision of a lease which indemnifies the landlord from liability for injury arising from the negligence of the landlord is void according to G.L.c. 186, §15. Thus, the provision in the Atiniz/Brooks lease is void and Atiniz has no right to indemnification from Brooks. See Young v. Garwacki, supra at 171.

Atiniz argues that G.L.c. 186, §15 applies not to commercial leases, but only to residential leases. The few appellate cases which address this point do not decide if G.L.c.

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Bluebook (online)
1 Mass. L. Rptr. 332, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/hudson-v-atiniz-masssuperct-1993.