Hoyt v. Village of North Troy

Supreme Court of Vermont

Hoyt v. Village of North Troy

105 A. 33, 93 Vt. 8, 1918 Vt. LEXIS 141

CourtSupreme Court of Vermont

DecidedNovember 19, 1918

StatusPublished

Cited by3 cases

This text of 105 A. 33 (Hoyt v. Village of North Troy) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Supreme Court of Vermont primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook

Hoyt v. Village of North Troy, 105 A. 33, 93 Vt. 8, 1918 Vt. LEXIS 141 (Vt. 1918).

Pincite

Opinion

Powers, J.

The plaintiffs seek to recover damages resulting from the action of the defendant in raising the grade of the [9]*9street in front of their dwelling. The evidence tended to show that the defendant had, from time to time, filled in the street in question until in the aggregate it had been raised more than three feet, and that no proceedings for a hearing and assessment of damages had been had. But it was not shown that this highway had been raised more than three feet at any one time, or at various times pursuant to a definite plan. In these circumstances, no cause of action was established and a verdict was properly ordered for the defendant.

In the absence of some statutory or constitutional provision, a change in the grade of a highway made by municipal authority does not entitle an adjoining proprietor to damages. 37 Cyc. 240; Note to Sheehy v. Kansas City Cable Ry. Co., (Mo.) 4 Am. St. Rep. 401; Penniman v. St. Johnsbury, 54 Vt. 306. The case before us must stand or fall under the provisions of P. S. 3878 (G. L. 4457) properly construed. It is to be noticed that the language of this section does not import a general prohibition against a change in grade of more than three feet without notice and hearing, but restrains such action on the part of a selectman or road commissioner — thereby implying with more or less force that it does not apply to the acts of successive officers. It is further to be observed that the prohibition is limited to an "alteration” of the highway by changing the grade. Accordingly, it was held in Fairbanks v. Rockingham, 75 Vt. 221, 54 Atl. 186, and in effect reaffirmed in Collins v. Barre, 91 Vt. 343, 101 Atl. 43, that a change in the grade of three feet or less is, under the statute, a matter of repairs and not of alteration. In conformity with this view of the law and in accordance with what we regard as the true spirit of the statute, we now hold that one ordinary repair cannot be added to another ordinary repair and make the result an alteration under the statute; and that in order to establish liability in such a ease, it must be shown that the change or changes complained of were made at one time, or according to a fixed plan. In Collins v. Barre, supra, much relied upon by the plaintiffs, the change was made at one time and according to a fixed plan.-

It is suggested that the ease shows an unlawful "taking” of the plaintiffs ’ property within the meaning of our constitutional provisions. But this is not so. The "taking” was done when the highway was established, and compensation for damages incident to repairs was included in the sum then awarded. Fair[10]*10banks v. Rockingham, supra; Smith v. City of Eau Claire, 78 Wis. 457, 47 N. W. 830; Kokomo v. Mahan, 100 Ind. 242; Northern Trans. Co. v. Chicago, 99 U. S. 635, 25 L. ed. 336.

Judgment affirmed.

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Powers, J.

The plaintiffs seek to recover damages resulting from the action of the defendant in raising the grade of the [9]*9street in front of their dwelling. The evidence tended to show that the defendant had, from time to time, filled in the street in question until in the aggregate it had been raised more than three feet, and that no proceedings for a hearing and assessment of damages had been had. But it was not shown that this highway had been raised more than three feet at any one time, or at various times pursuant to a definite plan. In these circumstances, no cause of action was established and a verdict was properly ordered for the defendant.

In the absence of some statutory or constitutional provision, a change in the grade of a highway made by municipal authority does not entitle an adjoining proprietor to damages. 37 Cyc. 240; Note to Sheehy v. Kansas City Cable Ry. Co., (Mo.) 4 Am. St. Rep. 401; Penniman v. St. Johnsbury, 54 Vt. 306. The case before us must stand or fall under the provisions of P. S. 3878 (G. L. 4457) properly construed. It is to be noticed that the language of this section does not import a general prohibition against a change in grade of more than three feet without notice and hearing, but restrains such action on the part of a selectman or road commissioner — thereby implying with more or less force that it does not apply to the acts of successive officers. It is further to be observed that the prohibition is limited to an "alteration” of the highway by changing the grade. Accordingly, it was held in Fairbanks v. Rockingham, 75 Vt. 221, 54 Atl. 186, and in effect reaffirmed in Collins v. Barre, 91 Vt. 343, 101 Atl. 43, that a change in the grade of three feet or less is, under the statute, a matter of repairs and not of alteration. In conformity with this view of the law and in accordance with what we regard as the true spirit of the statute, we now hold that one ordinary repair cannot be added to another ordinary repair and make the result an alteration under the statute; and that in order to establish liability in such a ease, it must be shown that the change or changes complained of were made at one time, or according to a fixed plan. In Collins v. Barre, supra, much relied upon by the plaintiffs, the change was made at one time and according to a fixed plan.-

It is suggested that the ease shows an unlawful "taking” of the plaintiffs ’ property within the meaning of our constitutional provisions. But this is not so. The "taking” was done when the highway was established, and compensation for damages incident to repairs was included in the sum then awarded. Fair[10]*10banks v. Rockingham, supra; Smith v. City of Eau Claire, 78 Wis. 457, 47 N. W. 830; Kokomo v. Mahan, 100 Ind. 242; Northern Trans. Co. v. Chicago, 99 U. S. 635, 25 L. ed. 336.

Judgment affirmed.

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105 A. 33, 93 Vt. 8, 1918 Vt. LEXIS 141, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/hoyt-v-village-of-north-troy-vt-1918.

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