Hourihan ex rel. Estate of Hourihan v. St. Paul Mercury Insurance

18 Mass. L. Rptr. 464
CourtMassachusetts Superior Court
DecidedNovember 16, 2004
DocketNo. 040352C
StatusPublished

This text of 18 Mass. L. Rptr. 464 (Hourihan ex rel. Estate of Hourihan v. St. Paul Mercury Insurance) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Massachusetts Superior Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Hourihan ex rel. Estate of Hourihan v. St. Paul Mercury Insurance, 18 Mass. L. Rptr. 464 (Mass. Ct. App. 2004).

Opinion

Fecteau, J.

The plaintiff, Gayle Hourihan (“Hourihan”) has filed this cause of action seeking arbitration of a claim for underinsured motorist (“UM”) benefits from a policy of automobile insurance covering a vehicle owned by her late husband’s employer, Beech Hill Hospital, and operated by him.2 While driving this vehicle in New Hampshire on his employer’s business, the plaintiffs decedent, Gerald Hourihan, was involved in an accident causing serious personal injury; he received workers’ compensation benefits as a result from his employer. The matter is before the court on cross motions for summary judgment by the parties. For the reasons that follow, the defendant’s motion for summary judgment is denied, and plaintiffs cross motion is allowed.

BACKGROUND

Gerald Hourihan, a resident of Massachusetts, was employed by Beech Hill Hospital, LLC, of Dublin, New Hampshire. On or about February 27, 1998, while operating a vehicle owned by his employer and within the scope of his employment, he was struck by another vehicle on a New Hampshire public way, causing personal injuries for which he recovered the policy limits of the tortfeasor’s vehicle. The vehicle operated by Mr. Hourihan was registered and insured in New Hampshire under a policy issued by St. Paul that included UM benefits. In addition to recovering from the tortfeasor, also a Massachusetts resident, Mr. Hourihan received workman’s compensation benefits from his employer’s workers’ compensation insurer, [465]*465pursuant to New Hampshire law. The plaintiff, the administratrix of his estate, has filed this action to collect UM benefits from St. Paul. St. Paul filed a motion for summary judgment, by which it contends that, under Massachusetts law, the plaintiff is barred from recovery as a matter of law. Hourihan filed a cross motion for summary judgment, by which she contends that New Hampshire law must apply, and, if so, she is not barred, as a matter of law, from recovery of UM benefits.

DISCUSSION

This court grants summary judgment where there are no genuine issues of material fact and where the summary judgment record entitles the moving party to judgment as a matter of law. Cassesso v. Commissioner of Correction, 390 Mass 429, 422 (1983); Community Nat’l Bank v. Dawes, 369 Mass. 550, 553 (1976); Mass.R.Civ.P. 56(c). The moving party bears the burden of demonstrating affirmatively the absence of a triable issue. Pederson v. Time, Inc., 404 Mass 14, 16-17 (1989). The moving parly can satisfy this burden either by submitting affirmative evidence that negates an essential element of the opposing party’s case, or by demonstrating that the opposing party has no reasonable expectation of proving an essential element of his case at trial. Kourouvacilis v. General Motors Corp., 410 Mass. 706, 716 (1991).

The parties agree that there are essentially no genuine issues of material fact and that the case turns on a single issue; however, they disagree as to the nature of that issue. The defendant contends that it is simply whether the plaintiff is entitled to apply for underinsured motorist benefits, which, under Massachusetts law, she is not. The plaintiff contends that she is entitled to apply for said benefits under New Hampshire law.3 Therefore, the court views choice of law as a lynchpin issue that must be addressed. If Massachusetts law applies, as the defendant contends, the court agrees that Hourihan would be barred from recovery, since under Massachusetts law Hourihan is not allowed to recover UM benefits where workers’ compensation benefits are available. National Union Fire In. Co. of Pitt. PA v. Figaretto, 423 Mass. 346, 348 (1996). In Figaretto, the Supreme Judicial Court noted that the exclusivity clause of the Workers’ Compensation Act, G.L.c. 152, §23, barred an action against insurers since it was essentially an action against the employer. Id. The court added that UM recovery was designed to benefit those persons who were not adequately protected and, where workers’ compensation benefits were available, no such safety net was needed. Id.

Moreover, as St. Paul further argues, even if UM benefits were available to Hourihan, pursuant to G.L.c. 175, §113L(5), the operator of a non-owned vehicle must turn first to any policy in which he is named as an insured, then to the policy of any resident relative, and only then to the policy covering the vehicle in which he was occupying when the accident occurred. Smart v. Safety Ins. Co., 419 Mass. 144, 149 (1994). Although Gerald Hourihan did not own a car, Gayle Hourihan did. Therefore, St. Paul claims, although the plaintiffs decedent was not named in any policy, he was nevertheless eligible for UM benefits under Gayle Hourihan’s policy and the plaintiff must turn to that source of recovery in advance of any claim on the policy of the occupied motor vehicle.

On the other hand, if New Hampshire law applies, as the plaintiff contends, Hourihan is apparently permitted, under the provisions of New Hampshire statute, RSA 281A-13, to seek UM benefits from St. Paul under its automobile liability policy. In making the argument that the law of New Hampshire must apply, permitting recovery of UM benefits, she relies on the facts that the vehicle in question was owned by her late husband’s New Hampshire employer, that it was registered and insured in New Hampshire, and the accident occurred in New Hampshire while her husband was acting within the scope of his employment.

RSA 281A-13 states in relevant part;

I.(a) An injured employee, in addition to the benefits of this chapter, may obtain damages or benefits from or proceed at law or otherwise against anther person to recover damages or benefits if:
(1) An injury for which compensation is payable under the provisions of this chapter has been sustained; and
(2) The circumstances of the injury create in another person a legal liability to pay damages in respect thereto, or a contractual obligation to pay benefits under the uninsured motorist provision of any motor vehicle insurance policy; and
(3) The action has not been barred under RSA 281-A-.8.

The conflict-of-law rules of the forum state should determine which state’s law is applicable. Clarendon Nat’l Ins. Co. v. Arbella Mut Ins. Co., 60 Mass.App.Ct. 492, 495 (2004). Since this case was brought in Massachusetts, we look to our own conflict-of-law rules to determine whether Massachusetts or New Hampshire law should be applied.

In Bushkin Associates, Inc. v. Raytheon Co., the Supreme Judicial Court outlined a functional rather than doctrinal approach to choice-of-law questions that responded to the interests of the parties, the states involved, and the interstate system as a whole. 393 Mass. 622, 632 (1985). The Massachusetts functional approach is specifically guided by the Restatement (Second) of Conflict of Laws (1971). Id.; Cosme v. Whitin Machine Works, Inc., 417 Mass. 643, 646 (1994). Under the Restatement, choice-of-law issues are resolved by the local law of the state which has the most significant relationship to the transaction and the parties. Bushkin, 393 Mass, at 632.

[466]*466In Clarendon, the Massachusetts Appeals Court applied this functional approach to an insurance contract. 60 Mass.App.Ct. at 495-97. The Clarendon

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Related

Bushkin Associates, Inc. v. Raytheon Co.
473 N.E.2d 662 (Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, 1985)
Cosme v. Whitin MacHine Works, Inc.
632 N.E.2d 832 (Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, 1994)
Community National Bank v. Dawes
340 N.E.2d 877 (Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, 1976)
Kourouvacilis v. General Motors Corp.
575 N.E.2d 734 (Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, 1991)
Smart v. Safety Insurance
419 Mass. 144 (Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, 1994)
National Union Fire Insurance Co. of Pittsburgh v. Figaratto
667 N.E.2d 877 (Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, 1996)
Kahn v. Royal Insurance
429 Mass. 572 (Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, 1999)
Clarendon National Insurance v. Arbella Mutual Insurance
803 N.E.2d 750 (Massachusetts Appeals Court, 2004)
Hull v. Town of Plymouth
724 A.2d 1291 (Supreme Court of New Hampshire, 1999)

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Bluebook (online)
18 Mass. L. Rptr. 464, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/hourihan-ex-rel-estate-of-hourihan-v-st-paul-mercury-insurance-masssuperct-2004.