Horn v. National Homes Acceptance Corp.

453 F. Supp. 40, 1978 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 17512
CourtDistrict Court, N.D. Illinois
DecidedMay 26, 1978
DocketNo. 78 C 119
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 453 F. Supp. 40 (Horn v. National Homes Acceptance Corp.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, N.D. Illinois primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Horn v. National Homes Acceptance Corp., 453 F. Supp. 40, 1978 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 17512 (N.D. Ill. 1978).

Opinion

MEMORANDUM OPINION

WILL, District Judge.

Plaintiffs, Steven and Susan Horn, bring this action against National Homes Acceptance Corporation (NHAC) to recover $61,-209.60, twice the amount of the prepayment of their mortgage loan, under the Illinois Usury Statute, Ill.Rev.Stat. ch. 74, § 4. Defendants removed this suit from the Circuit Court of DuPage County, Wheaton, Illinois, pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1441. Accordingly, our jurisdiction is based on diversity of citizenship as plaintiffs are citizens of the State of Illinois, defendant is an Indiana corporation, and the matter in controversy exceeds the sum of $10,000 exclusive of costs and interest.

The gravamen of the complaint is that plaintiffs were improperly charged a penalty for the prepayment of their mortgage loan in violation of Ill.Rev.Stat. ch. 74, § 4, as it existed prior to the amendment of 1976.1 Defendant argues that the charge was for interest owing under the terms of the contract rather than a prepayment penalty and, therefore, was expressly exempted from the Illinois Usury Statute by Ill.Rev. Stat. § 4(e), ch. 74.

The pending cross-motions for summary judgment raise the following issues:

1. The permissibility of this charge under the Illinois Usury Statute;
2. The permissibility of this charge under the mortgage agreement.

For the reasons stated herein, we grant defendant’s motion for summary judgment.

I. THE FACTS

The facts of this case are not in dispute. On November 18,1975, plaintiffs, by executing a Mortgage Note and Mortgage, borrowed $32,250.00 from Great America Funding Corporation to purchase residential real estate in Naperville, Illinois. The note and mortgage were subsequently assigned to defendant, and since December 1975, the mortgage has been insured by the Federal Housing Administration of the U. S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, pursuant to Title 12, chapter 13, of the United States Code. On June 7, 1977, in a request for a payoff letter from defendant, plaintiffs indicated their intent to pay the entire balance of their mortgage indebtedness from the proceeds of a sale which was to take place on June 27, 1977. In response, they received a payoff letter (a copy of which was attached to the complaint) which charged an amount, labeled [42]*42interest, calculated to 8/1/77. Plaintiffs’ attorney contacted defendant both by telephone and letter and objected to the charge for interest subsequent to the date on which the loan was actually to be paid on the grounds that it constituted an unearned charge or a prohibited penalty for prepayment of the loan.

Defendant, however, insisted on receiving the full amount indicated in the payoff letter before releasing the mortgage lien. On June 27,1977, plaintiffs paid the sum of $31,656.02 to defendant, with interest from June 27 to August 1 being paid under protest. This amount was received by defendant on or about June 30, 1977, as evidenced by the note and mortgage which were returned to plaintiffs stamped “PAID 6/30/77.”

Under the terms of the note and mortgage, interest was not payable in advance. Except for the interest from November 18, 1975 to November 30, 1975, the Horns had never been required to pay interest in advance.

II. THE STATUTES

The applicable provisions of the Illinois Usury Act, Ill.Rev.Stat. § 4, ch. 74, state:

“4. § 4. General Interest Rate.) In all written contracts it shall be lawful for the parties to stipulate or agree that 8% per annum, or any less sum of interest shall be taken and paid upon every $100 of money loaned or in any manner due and owing from any person to any other person or corporation in this state . . . except as herein provided. An interest rate of 9/2% or any lesser amount is lawful for loans that are (1) secured by residential real estate and (2) entered into on or after July 12, 1974 and before January 1, 1977: whenever such loan exceeds 8% per annum, it is unlawful to provide for a penalty or other charges for prepayment. * * * # * * It is lawful to charge, contract for, and receive any rate or amount of interest or compensation with respect to the following transactions:
* * * * * *
(e) Any mortgage loan insured or upon which a commitment to insure has been issued under the provisions of the National Housing Act, Chapter 13 of Title 12 of the United States Code; . .”

Plaintiffs contend that, because their loan was secured by residential real estate, entered into on or after July 12, 1974 and before January 1, 1977, and bore interest in excess of 8% per annum, it is controlled by the first paragraph of section 4 of chapter 74 rather than section 4(e) which, they contend, is to be treated as independent from the rest of section 4. In support of this theory, plaintiffs cite Schmidt v. Interstate Federal Savings and Loan Association, 421 F.Supp. 1016 (D.D.C.1976) wherein a lender charged a borrower full interest for the month in which the loan was prepaid because the note only allowed prepayment on the first day of each month. That court held that the charge of interest was an invalid prepayment penalty. Although factually similar to plaintiff’s case, the statutory basis on which the Schmidt decision was founded was totally dissimilar from the Illinois Usury Statute.2 That case is, therefore, inapposite to the instant dispute.

Plaintiffs also argue, without the benefit of cited authority, that the legislative intent underlying § 4 was to confer a protection and a benefit on all Illinois citizens, whether or not their mortgage was insured by FHA and to impose on the statute an interpretation inconsistent with this intent would be contrary to the Equal Protection clause as guaranteed by the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments.

Defendant argues that the mortgage note is exempt from the Illinois Usury Statute by the language of § 4(e) which expressly excludes all mortgages insured by the FHA, [43]*43under the National Housing Act, Title 12, U.S.C. ch. 13, from the usury restrictions established in § 4. In support of this argument, defendant cites a line of cases which have construed various subsections of § 4, ch. 74. Ross v. Lake City Equity Finance Corporation, 425 F.2d 1 (7th Cir. 1970); Metcoff v. Mutual Trust Life Ins. Co., 33 Ill.App.3d 1059, 339 N.E.2d 440 (1975); Koos v. First National Bank of Peoria, 496 F.2d 1162 (7th Cir. 1974). In each case, the court analyzed the specific problem based on the clearly implied premise that the various subsections of § 4 were exemptions from that section rather than independent clauses bearing no relation to the rest of the statutory scheme.

We agree with defendant. There.is no basis in logic or law to construe subsection (e) independently from the rest of section 4.

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Related

Horn v. National Homes Acceptance Corp
601 F.2d 595 (Seventh Circuit, 1979)

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Bluebook (online)
453 F. Supp. 40, 1978 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 17512, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/horn-v-national-homes-acceptance-corp-ilnd-1978.