Highlands Underwriters Insurance Co. v. Harris

530 S.W.2d 350
CourtCourt of Appeals of Texas
DecidedNovember 20, 1975
DocketNo. 883
StatusPublished
Cited by3 cases

This text of 530 S.W.2d 350 (Highlands Underwriters Insurance Co. v. Harris) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Texas primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Highlands Underwriters Insurance Co. v. Harris, 530 S.W.2d 350 (Tex. Ct. App. 1975).

Opinion

McKAY, Justice.

This is a workmen’s compensation case in which the jury found that appellee suffered total and permanent loss of use of his right leg below the knee, and the jury also found that appellee suffered a general bodily injury, other than the leg injury, which resulted in permanent partial incapacity. The trial court rendered judgment for appellee for both injuries and appellant brings this appeal.

The jury found that appellee’s loss of use of his right leg below the knee began May [351]*35130, 1974; and his recovery in the judgment was for 125 weeks at $63.00 per week. It was found that appellee’s general injury began on March 27,1974, and the judgment allowed recovery for 300 weeks at the rate of $33.33 per week. The total of the judgment was for $12,250.53, payable in a lump sum.

Appellant’s three points all pertain to whether the trial court’s judgment was contrary to Art. 8306, sec. 12, V.A.C.S. by allowing recovery for both permanent loss of use of a specific member and for permanent partial general incapacity.

Art. 8306, section 12, Specific Compensation, provides in part:

“For the injuries enumerated in the following schedule the employee shall receive in lieu of all other compensation except medical aid ⅜ * ⅜
“Where the employee sustains concurrent injuries resulting in concurrent inca-pacities, he shall receive compensation only for the injury which produces the longest period of incapacity; but this Section shall not affect liability for the concurrent loss or the loss of the use thereof of more than one (1) member, for which member compensation is provided in this schedule, compensation for specific injuries under this law shall be cumulative as to time and not concurrent.
“In all cases of permanent partial incapacity it shall be considered that the permanent loss of the use of the member is equivalent to, and shall draw the same compensation as, the loss of that member; but the compensation in and by said schedule provided shall be in lieu of all other compensation in such cases.” (Emphasis added.)

Section 10 of Art. 8306 pertains to total incapacity, and Section 11 is concerned with partial incapacity.

Appellee alleged that he suffered a general injury when a tree fell on his left shoulder and knocked him to the ground which caused total and permanent incapacity. In the alternative, appellee alleged that if his injury was not total and permanent, that he should receive whatever disabilities as the proof may show, or for any loss of use of a specific member. Pleading further in the alternative, appellee alleged that if the proof shows that his injury was confined to a specific member or members of his body, that he recover for whatever loss of use of such member or members as a preponderance of the evidence may show. There was no allegation that any specific injury extended to or affected the body generally.

The trial court submitted issues1 on specific and general injuries. As to the speeif[352]*352ic injury to appellee’s right leg below the knee, the jury found he suffered total and permanent loss of use of his right leg below the knee. The jury also found that appel-lee’s injury included an injury to his body generally other than his right leg below the knee and that his average weekly wage earning capacity was $50.00 per week after the injury whereas his average weekly wage before the injury was $100.00.

The court instructed the jury “that in determining Special Issues 6 through 10 as to whether Charles E. Harris has sustained any incapacity, partial or total, as those terms have been herein defined, you are not to take into consideration the effects of the condition of Mr. Harris’ right ankle or base any findings on such condition.”

Appellant argues that appellee cannot receive compensation for both a specific injury and a general injury, but must choose to take his recovery under the section which produces the longest period of incapacity or which gives him the greatest compensation. Appellant cites and relies upon Texas General Indemnity Co. v. Scott, 152 Tex. 1, 253 S.W.2d 651, 654 (1953); Hargrove v. Trinity Universal Ins. Co., 152 Tex. 243, 256 S.W.2d 73 (1953); and Muro v. Houston Fire & Casualty Ins. Co., 310 S.W.2d 420 (Tex.Civ.App.— San Antonio, 1958, writ ref’d, n. r. e.).

Scott holds (253 S.W.2d p. 654) that an employee cannot be compensated for both a specific injury and a general injury, while Hargrove holds that findings of both specific and general injuries were not in conflict, but such findings gave rise to alternative rights of recovery, and the workman should be awarded such recovery which produces the greatest benefits or the longest period of incapacity or the most compensation.

Both appellant and appellee rely upon Texas Employers’ Ins. Ass’n v. Moreno, 277 S.W. 84 (Tex.Comm’n App., 1925, judgment adopted). Moreno was carefully analyzed in Muro v. Houston Fire & Casualty Ins. Co., supra, a case with a fact situation almost identical with the instant one, and Justice Pope, speaking for the court and citing Hargrove and Scott, held that “an employee who seeks recovery under a general injury and also for a concurrent specific injury which is total and permanent loss of use, may only take under the section which gives him the most compensation.”

Appellee maintains Moreno stands for the proposition that a claimant may recover for both a general injury under Sections 10 or 11, Art. 8306, and also a permanent loss of a specific member under Section 12. Moreno does hold that a recovery under Section 10 for injuries not specified under Section 12, does not preclude recovery under the last paragraph of Section 12 for partial incapacity due to partial loss of use of the arm. If Moreno can be said to hold contrary to Hargrove, Scott and Muro, or any of them, it seems the later expressions of the Supreme Court would be controlling.

Appellee cites Texas Employers’ Ins. Ass’n v. Yother, 306 S.W.2d 730 (Tex.Civ.App.—Fort Worth, 1957, writ ref’d, n. r. e.) for its holding that an injury to a specific [353]*353member and also a concurrent general injury entitles a workman to recover for the injury which produces the longest period of disability, “and that where both injuries are permanent he is entitled to recover for the combined effects of both.” We do not understand Yother to be contra to Hargrove, Scott and

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Bluebook (online)
530 S.W.2d 350, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/highlands-underwriters-insurance-co-v-harris-texapp-1975.