Hicks v. Renner

CourtDistrict Court, D. South Dakota
DecidedMarch 18, 2025
Docket4:23-cv-04121
StatusUnknown

This text of Hicks v. Renner (Hicks v. Renner) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, D. South Dakota primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Hicks v. Renner, (D.S.D. 2025).

Opinion

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT DISTRICT OF SOUTH DAKOTA SOUTHERN DIVISION

LAPETE R. HICKS, SR., 4:23-CV-04121-CCT

Plaintiff, ORDER ON PENDING MOTIONS vs.

JUSTIN RENNER, Corrections Officer/Cpl. at Mike Durfee State Prison, in his individual and official capacity; ALEX REYES, Associate Warden and Acting Warden at Mike Durfee State Prison, in his official capacity,

Defendants.

Plaintiff, LaPete R. Hicks, Sr., an inmate at the Mike Durfee State Prison (MDSP), filed a pro se civil rights lawsuit under 42 U.S.C. § 1983. Docket 1. The Court granted Hicks’s motion for leave to proceed in forma pauperis, Docket 2, and Hicks timely paid his initial partial filing fee, Docket 5. The Court screened Hicks’s complaint under 28 U.S.C. § 1915A, dismissing it in part and directing service in part. Docket 6. Fluke1 and Reyes move for summary judgment. Docket 18. After the motion for summary judgment was

1 Fluke is no longer the Warden at MDSP. Docket 20 ¶ 1. Under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 25(d), “[a]n action does not abate when a public officer who is a party in an official capacity dies, resigns, or otherwise ceases to hold office while the action is pending. The officer’s successor is automatically substituted as a party.” Fluke’s successor, Alex Reyes, Docket 21 ¶ 1, is already named as a defendant in his official capacity as the associate warden, but he is now also sued his official capacity as the acting warden at MDSP. The Court has amended the caption in accordance with Rule 25(d). filed, Hicks filed a motion seeking leave to file a supplemental complaint, Docket 24, and requested that the Court defer ruling on the motion for summary judgment until he has an opportunity to conduct discovery, Docket

25. Hicks has also filed motions for discovery, a motion for appointment of counsel, motions to extend deadlines, a motion to compel, and a motion for mediation. Dockets 33, 34, 37, 38, 42, 45, 47. PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND In this case, the pending motions cannot be considered in a vacuum. Thus, the Court begins its consideration of the pending motions by outlining, in detail, the procedural history of this case. • August 16, 2023 – Hicks files a pro se § 1983 complaint. Hicks alleges that Renner, a corrections officer at MDSP, sprayed him twice with pepper spray and laughed while doing so when Hicks was talking with another inmate in a hallway. Docket 1 at 4. Hicks contends that Renner’s use of pepper spray violated the Department of Corrections’ policy prohibiting the use of excessive force without any legitimate penological purpose and, therefore, violated Hicks’s Eighth Amendment right to be free from cruel and unusual punishment. Id. In his complaint, Hicks claims that Fluke and Reyes implemented a policy permitting prison staff who violate a prison policy to resign instead of face termination, which permits staff who violate prison policy to be rehired later. Id. But for this policy, Hicks asserts, Renner would not have been at MDSP to injure Hicks by spraying him with pepper spray for no legitimate penological purpose. Id.

• December 13, 2023 – The Court issues its 1915A screening order. Docket 6. Hicks’s Eighth Amendment claim against Renner in his individual capacity for money damages and official capacity for injunctive relief survived § 1915A screening. Id. at 8. Hicks’s Eighth Amendment claims against Reyes and Fluke in their official capacities for injunctive relief also survived § 1915A screening. Id. The Court directed service on Renner, Fluke, and Reyes. Id.

• January 17, 2024 – Fluke and Reyes were served. Docket 8 at 3, 6. • January 17, 2024 – The summons for Renner was returned unexecuted because he no longer works at MDSP. Docket 9 at 1, 3.

• January 23, 2024 – The Court issues a Rule 4(m) notice advising Hicks that his claims against Renner would be dismissed without prejudice if Renner is not served on or before March 12, 2024. Docket 11 at 2.

• January 31, 2024 – Hicks filed a motion requesting that the Court direct the Department of Corrections to provide Renner’s last known address so that he could be served. Docket 12.

• February 6, 2024 – Fluke and Reyes file an answer to Hicks’s complaint. Docket 14.

• February 8, 2024 – The Court grants Hicks’s motion, Docket 12, and directs assistance with service, Docket 16.

• February 14, 2024 – Fluke and Reyes move for summary judgment. Docket 18.

• March 5, 2024 – Hicks files a motion for leave to file a supplemental complaint, Docket 24, and a motion requesting that Fluke and Reyes’s motion for summary judgment be denied or deferred until Hicks has had an opportunity to conduct discovery, Docket 25.2

• March 11, 2024 – Renner was served. Docket 26 at 2. • March 20, 2024 – An attorney appears on behalf of Renner, Docket 27, and files a separate answer, Docket 28. The South Dakota Attorney General’s Office, who is representing Fluke and Reyes, did not appear on behalf Renner. A private law firm is representing Renner. Dockets 27, 28.

• March 21, 2024 – The Court, on its own motion, entered a Scheduling Case Management Order. Docket 31. Per the scheduling order, the deadline to join parties and to amend pleadings was April 22, 2024; the discovery deadline was July 19, 2024; and the motion deadline was August 5, 2024. Id. at 1–2.

2 Hicks’s motions were docketed on March 11, 2024, but they are deemed filed on March 5, 2024, the date he certified that he deposited them in the prison legal mail system. See Docket 24 at 2; Docket 24-1-; Docket 25 at 3; see also Houston v. Lack, 487 U.S. 266, 270 (1988) (stating that a pleading filed by a pro se prisoner is deemed to be filed as of the date the prisoner delivered it to prison authorities for mailing to the court). In this procedural background section, the Court will include the date Hicks’s pleadings are deemed filed rather than the date that his pleadings are docketed. • June 18, 2024 – Hicks files a motion to depose defendants, Docket 33, and a motion for discovery, Docket 34, of “things that . . . attorney for defendants allege can be debunked and proven to be false by discovery.”

• July 17, 2024 – Hicks files a motion to extend deadlines, including for him to respond to the motion for summary judgment. Docket 38.

• September 4, 2024 – Hicks files a motion to compel “defendants to answer interrogatories, admissions, and document requests.” Docket 42.

• September 17, 2024 – Hicks files a motion for mediation. Docket 45.

• September 24, 2024 – Hicks files a motion to amend the scheduling order. Docket 47.

DISCUSSION I. Defendant Reyes’s Motion for Summary Judgment The United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit has instructed that “[a]lthough discovery does not have to be completed before a district court can grant summary judgment, ‘summary judgment is proper only after the nonmovant has had adequate time for discovery.’ ” Ray v. Am. Airlines, Inc., 609 F.3d 917, 923 (8th Cir. 2010) (quoting In re TMJ Litig., 113 F.3d 1484, 1490 (8th Cir. 1997)). Federal Rule of Civil Procedure

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Hicks v. Renner, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/hicks-v-renner-sdd-2025.