Hickman v. Tosco Corp.

840 F.2d 564, 1988 WL 12882
CourtCourt of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit
DecidedFebruary 24, 1988
DocketNo. 87-1330
StatusPublished
Cited by48 cases

This text of 840 F.2d 564 (Hickman v. Tosco Corp.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Hickman v. Tosco Corp., 840 F.2d 564, 1988 WL 12882 (8th Cir. 1988).

Opinion

McMILLIAN, Circuit Judge.

L.G. “Pat” Hickman and Paul Frazier appeal from a final judgment entered in the District Court1 for the Western District of Arkansas dismissing their complaint for failure to state a claim pursuant to Fed.R. Civ.P. 12(b)(6). Hickman v. Tosco Corp., No. 86-1132 (W.D.Ark. Feb. 9, 1987). Appellants alleged that the Tosco Corp. (Tosco), the Administrative Committee of the Tosco Corp. Pension Plan and three individual members of the Administrative Committee, John Drosdick, Erick Schwartz and James Cleary (collectively referred to as appellees), violated certain sections of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA), 29 U.S.C. § 1001 et seq., by refusing to “bridge”2 their periods [565]*565of employment until they reached the age of 55 and, as a result, denying them “full” early retirement benefits.

For reversal, appellants argue the district court erred in dismissing their complaint for failure to state a claim. Appellants argue that their complaint sufficiently alleged that the administrative committee was administering the pension plan in an arbitrary and discriminatory manner by granting “full” early retirement benefits to some employees but not to others. Appellants also argue that Tosco’s refusal to “bridge” their periods of employment until they reached age 55 was a breach of its duty as a plan fiduciary under ERISA. For the reasons discussed below, we affirm the judgment of the district court.

Appellants were employed as full-time salaried employees at Tosco’s El Dorado refinery. On April 30,1985, Tosco sold the refinery and terminated appellants. At the time of termination each appellant was 54 years old.3 As former Tosco employees, appellants are participants in the Tosco Corp. pension plan, which is administered by the administration committee. Under the terms of the pension plan, participants with 30 years of service who are 55 years old at the time of termination are entitled to “full ” early retirement benefits. However, participants with 30 years of service who are terminated before the age of 55 are entitled only to “reduced ” early retirement benefits. Because appellants were terminated before the age of 55, the administrative committee determined that they were entitled to receive only “reduced” early retirement benefits. Each appellant asked appellees to “bridge” his period of employment until he reached the age of 55 so that he would be entitled to receive “full” early retirement benefits. Appellees refused to do so.

Appellants then filed this action in federal district court, pursuant to ERISA § 502, 29 U.S.C. § 1132, asserting that appellees routinely “bridged” other salaried employees who were terminated less than one year before reaching age 55 and that this practice was a matter of common knowledge among Tosco employees. Appellants alleged that appellees’ refusal to “bridge” their periods of employment was arbitrary, capricious, an abuse of discretion, in bad faith, discriminatory, and a breach of appel-lees’ fiduciary duty to appellants as participants in the pension plan, in violation of certain ERISA provisions. Appellants sought injunctive relief and attorney’s fees and costs. Appellees filed a Rule 12(b)(6) motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim.

The district court dismissed the complaint with prejudice for failure to state a claim. Noting that appellants had themselves stated in their complaint that, under the terms of the pension plan, they were not entitled to “full” early retirement benefits, the district court held that the decision of the administrative committee to deny appellants’ request for “full” early retirement benefits was not arbitrary, capricious or an abuse of discretion. Slip op. at 4. The district court also held that Tosco’s refusal to “bridge” appellants’ employment to age 55 was an employment decision and not a fiduciary decision subject to ERISA. Id. at 7. This appeal followed.

Rule 12(b)(6) dismissals are not favored. “In appraising the sufficiency of the complaint we follow ... the accepted rule that a complaint should not be dismissed for failure to state a claim unless it appears beyond doubt that the plaintiff can prove no set of facts in support of [the] claim which would entitle [the plaintiff] to relief.” Conley v. Gibson, 355 U.S. 41, 45-46, 78 S.Ct. 99, 102, 2 L.Ed.2d 80 (1957). “A complaint must be viewed in the light most favorable to the plaintiff and should not be dismissed merely because the court doubts that a plaintiff will be able to prove all of the necessary factual allegations.” Fusco v. Xerox Corp., 676 F.2d 332, 334 (8th Cir.1982). In the present case, we [566]*566agree with the district court that appellants were not entitled to relief as a matter of law.

Appellants first challenge the decision of the administrative committee to deny them “full” early retirement benefits. Appellants receive “reduced” early retirement benefits. “Federal courts may overturn a decision of private pension fund fiduciaries only if the decision is arbitrary, capricious or an abuse of discretion.” Lawrence v. Westerhaus, 780 F.2d 1321, 1322 (8th Cir.1985); see also Wardle v. Central States, Southeast & Southwest Areas Pension Fund, 627 F.2d 820, 823-24 (7th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1112, 101 S.Ct. 922, 66 L.Ed.2d 841 (1981). “[B]enefit determinations cannot be arbitrary and capricious as a matter of law if those decisions contain no element of dis-cretion_ [A]n administrator who strictly adheres to the lawful terms of an employee benefit plan may not be found to have acted arbitrarily and capriciously.” Foltz v. U.S. News & World Report, Inc., 613 F.Supp. 634, 639 (D.D.C.1985).

Under the terms of the pension plan, entitlement to either “full” or “reduced” early retirement benefits was not subject to the discretion of the administrative committee. As noted by the district court, appellants acknowledged in their complaint that, according to the strict terms of the pension plan and associated administrative documents, they were not entitled to “full” early retirement benefits because they were terminated before the age of 55. Appellants also acknowledged that “bridging” was not within the express provisions of the pension plan. Because the denial of “full” early retirement benefits to appellants was in strict compliance with the terms of the pension plan, the decision of the administrative committee was not arbitrary, capricious or an abuse of discretion as a matter of law. See Moehle v. NL Industries, Inc., 646 F.Supp. 769, 777 (E.D.Mo.1986) (Moehle).

Appellants next argue that Tosco’s refusal to “bridge” their periods of employment until they reached age 55, when they would have been entitled to receive “full” early retirement benefits, was a breach of its duty as a plan fiduciary under ERISA.

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Bluebook (online)
840 F.2d 564, 1988 WL 12882, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/hickman-v-tosco-corp-ca8-1988.