In The
Court of Appeals Ninth District of Texas at Beaumont ________________
NO. 09-13-00394-CV ________________
HATEM EL-KHALIDI, Appellant
V.
ARABIAN AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT COMPANY, NICHOLAS CARTER, AND CHARLES W. GOEHRINGER JR., Appellees __________________________________________________________________
On Appeal from the 88th District Court Hardin County, Texas Trial Cause No. 52483 __________________________________________________________________
MEMORANDUM OPINION
In two appellate issues, appellant Hatem El-Khalidi appeals the trial court’s
judgment dismissing his case for want of prosecution. We affirm the trial court’s
judgment.
BACKGROUND
On August 2, 2011, El-Khalidi filed suit against Arabian American
Development Company (“AADC”) for breach of contract and defamation based
1 upon AADC’s alleged failure to provide El-Khalidi agreed-upon benefits when he
retired as president and CEO of AADC. AADC filed its first amended answer and
counterclaim on September 14, 2011. 1 In his first amended petition, El-Khalidi
added as defendants appellees Nicholas Carter and Charles W. Goehringer Jr.2,
against whom he asserted causes of action for tortious interference with a contract
and misrepresentation. 3 According to El-Khalidi, Carter made allegations against
El-Khalidi that Carter should have known were untrue, and “which were designed
to induce the other members of the Board of Directors to believe that El-Khalidi
was acting contrary to AADC’s interest and sought to interfere with the contract
between El-Khalidi and AADC.” AADC filed a counterclaim against El-Khalidi
for declaratory judgment.
On May 16, 2012, El-Khalidi filed a motion to quash his deposition, which
AADC had noticed for June 22, 2012. El-Khalidi attached as an exhibit a May 9,
2012, letter from AADC’s counsel, in which counsel stated, “[w]e have been
patiently working with you, waiting for [El-Khalidi’s] return to Dallas, Texas, in
1 The appellate record does not contain AADC’s original answer. 2 The amended petition also named Ghazi Sultan as a defendant. Sultan is not a party to this appeal, and the appellate record indicates that Sultan never appeared in the lawsuit. 3 El-Khalidi requested a jury trial. 2 keeping with the Rule 11 Agreement that was reached last year, in which we
dismissed our federal action in an effort to work cooperatively, and not within the
rigid timelines of a federal court’s scheduling order.” With this letter, AADC’s
counsel forwarded a notice of El-Khalidi’s deposition with subpoena duces tecum
for June 22, 2012. After conducting a hearing concerning the scheduling of
depositions and mediation, the trial court signed an order that provided, in
pertinent part, that El-Khalidi would appear for deposition on August 7, 2012, in
Dallas.
On September 12, 2012, AADC and the individual defendants filed a motion
for sanctions, based on “El-Khalidi’s refusal to present himself for deposition in
Dallas, Texas, as agreed to over one year ago, as ordered by this Court over two
months ago, and as required by . . . Tex. R. Civ. P. 199.2(b)(2)(c).” In the motion,
AADC and the other defendants acknowledged they were aware that before the
trial court could entertain a motion to dismiss El-Khalidi’s claims with prejudice, it
must first impose a lesser sanction aimed at obtaining El-Khalidi’s compliance
with the trial court’s orders.
On May 1, 2013, AADC and the individual defendants filed a second motion
for sanctions, which included a motion to dismiss El-Khalidi’s lawsuit for want of
prosecution. Specifically, AADC argued that the trial court has inherent power to
3 dismiss under Texas Rule of Civil Procedure 165a(2) when a case is not disposed
within the time limits set forth in the Rules of Judicial Administration. Attached to
the motion were numerous exhibits, including, in pertinent part, (1) a July 1, 2011,
letter from El-Khalidi’s counsel to AADC’s counsel, which memorialized the
parties’ Rule 11 agreement concerning dismissal of AADC’s then-pending lawsuit
in federal court, El-Khalidi’s agreement to AADC’s motion to transfer venue of the
case to Hardin county, and El-Khalidi’s agreement to present himself for
deposition in August or September of 2011; (2) El-Khalidi’s affidavit of May 11,
2011, in which he explained that he is an American citizen who has resided in
Saudi Arabia as a resident alien for forty-seven years while working for the U.S.
government, and he founded AADC during said employment; (3) the
aforementioned letter of May 9, 2012; (4) the notice of El-Khalidi’s deposition for
June 22, 2012; (5) the trial court’s June 2012 order requiring El-Khalidi to appear
for deposition on August 7, 2012; (6) an amended notice of El-Khalidi’s deposition
for August 7, 2012; (7) El-Khalidi’s July 26, 2012, letter to AADC’s counsel,
stating that El-Khalidi is unable to leave Saudi Arabia “due to the pendency of his
suit against AADC in the Saudi Arabian courts[,]” requesting that the deposition of
El-Khalidi, as well as other depositions, take place in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, and
“insist[ing] that the mediation scheduled for August 9, 2012[,] be canceled[;]” and
4 (8) AADC’s counsel’s August 7, 2012, letter in response, in which counsel refused
to conduct depositions in Saudi Arabia and advising that AADC intended to file a
motion for sanctions seeking dismissal of El-Khalidi’s claims with prejudice as a
result of El-Khalidi’s failure to appear for deposition as ordered by the trial court.
El-Khalidi filed a response to the motion, in which he alleged that his age
and health conditions precluded him from traveling from Saudi Arabia for his
deposition and contended that “[d]efendants’ request that the Court summarily
dismiss his claims has no validity under Texas law and [d]efendants have utterly
failed to show any basis which would justify such an order . . . .” In addition, El-
Khalidi asserted that “his ability to travel is controlled by [d]efendants as they must
authorize his exit from and re-entry into Saudi Arabia.” El-Khalidi’s response did
not address appellees’ argument concerning his alleged failure to comply with the
Texas Rules of Judicial Administration in prosecuting his claim or his alleged lack
of diligence in prosecuting his claim.
El-Khalidi filed an affidavit on July 17, 2013. In that affidavit, El-Khalidi
averred, among other things, that he discovered zinc, gold, silver, copper and
nickel after obtaining a mineral reconnaissance permit in Saudi Arabia as a cover
for his clandestine operations there as a member of the CIA. El-Khalidi also filed
an affidavit that purported to authenticate copies of numerous documents. After
5 conducting a hearing, the trial judge signed an amended order granting the motion
to dismiss for want of prosecution and dismissing without prejudice all of El-
Khalidi’s claims against appellees on July 24, 2013.
ISSUE ONE
In his first issue, El-Khalidi argues the trial court abused its discretion by
dismissing his claims for want of prosecution. We review a trial court’s decision to
dismiss a case for want of prosecution under an abuse of discretion standard.
MacGregor v. Rich, 941 S.W.2d 74, 75 (Tex. 1997). A trial court abuses its
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In The
Court of Appeals Ninth District of Texas at Beaumont ________________
NO. 09-13-00394-CV ________________
HATEM EL-KHALIDI, Appellant
V.
ARABIAN AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT COMPANY, NICHOLAS CARTER, AND CHARLES W. GOEHRINGER JR., Appellees __________________________________________________________________
On Appeal from the 88th District Court Hardin County, Texas Trial Cause No. 52483 __________________________________________________________________
MEMORANDUM OPINION
In two appellate issues, appellant Hatem El-Khalidi appeals the trial court’s
judgment dismissing his case for want of prosecution. We affirm the trial court’s
judgment.
BACKGROUND
On August 2, 2011, El-Khalidi filed suit against Arabian American
Development Company (“AADC”) for breach of contract and defamation based
1 upon AADC’s alleged failure to provide El-Khalidi agreed-upon benefits when he
retired as president and CEO of AADC. AADC filed its first amended answer and
counterclaim on September 14, 2011. 1 In his first amended petition, El-Khalidi
added as defendants appellees Nicholas Carter and Charles W. Goehringer Jr.2,
against whom he asserted causes of action for tortious interference with a contract
and misrepresentation. 3 According to El-Khalidi, Carter made allegations against
El-Khalidi that Carter should have known were untrue, and “which were designed
to induce the other members of the Board of Directors to believe that El-Khalidi
was acting contrary to AADC’s interest and sought to interfere with the contract
between El-Khalidi and AADC.” AADC filed a counterclaim against El-Khalidi
for declaratory judgment.
On May 16, 2012, El-Khalidi filed a motion to quash his deposition, which
AADC had noticed for June 22, 2012. El-Khalidi attached as an exhibit a May 9,
2012, letter from AADC’s counsel, in which counsel stated, “[w]e have been
patiently working with you, waiting for [El-Khalidi’s] return to Dallas, Texas, in
1 The appellate record does not contain AADC’s original answer. 2 The amended petition also named Ghazi Sultan as a defendant. Sultan is not a party to this appeal, and the appellate record indicates that Sultan never appeared in the lawsuit. 3 El-Khalidi requested a jury trial. 2 keeping with the Rule 11 Agreement that was reached last year, in which we
dismissed our federal action in an effort to work cooperatively, and not within the
rigid timelines of a federal court’s scheduling order.” With this letter, AADC’s
counsel forwarded a notice of El-Khalidi’s deposition with subpoena duces tecum
for June 22, 2012. After conducting a hearing concerning the scheduling of
depositions and mediation, the trial court signed an order that provided, in
pertinent part, that El-Khalidi would appear for deposition on August 7, 2012, in
Dallas.
On September 12, 2012, AADC and the individual defendants filed a motion
for sanctions, based on “El-Khalidi’s refusal to present himself for deposition in
Dallas, Texas, as agreed to over one year ago, as ordered by this Court over two
months ago, and as required by . . . Tex. R. Civ. P. 199.2(b)(2)(c).” In the motion,
AADC and the other defendants acknowledged they were aware that before the
trial court could entertain a motion to dismiss El-Khalidi’s claims with prejudice, it
must first impose a lesser sanction aimed at obtaining El-Khalidi’s compliance
with the trial court’s orders.
On May 1, 2013, AADC and the individual defendants filed a second motion
for sanctions, which included a motion to dismiss El-Khalidi’s lawsuit for want of
prosecution. Specifically, AADC argued that the trial court has inherent power to
3 dismiss under Texas Rule of Civil Procedure 165a(2) when a case is not disposed
within the time limits set forth in the Rules of Judicial Administration. Attached to
the motion were numerous exhibits, including, in pertinent part, (1) a July 1, 2011,
letter from El-Khalidi’s counsel to AADC’s counsel, which memorialized the
parties’ Rule 11 agreement concerning dismissal of AADC’s then-pending lawsuit
in federal court, El-Khalidi’s agreement to AADC’s motion to transfer venue of the
case to Hardin county, and El-Khalidi’s agreement to present himself for
deposition in August or September of 2011; (2) El-Khalidi’s affidavit of May 11,
2011, in which he explained that he is an American citizen who has resided in
Saudi Arabia as a resident alien for forty-seven years while working for the U.S.
government, and he founded AADC during said employment; (3) the
aforementioned letter of May 9, 2012; (4) the notice of El-Khalidi’s deposition for
June 22, 2012; (5) the trial court’s June 2012 order requiring El-Khalidi to appear
for deposition on August 7, 2012; (6) an amended notice of El-Khalidi’s deposition
for August 7, 2012; (7) El-Khalidi’s July 26, 2012, letter to AADC’s counsel,
stating that El-Khalidi is unable to leave Saudi Arabia “due to the pendency of his
suit against AADC in the Saudi Arabian courts[,]” requesting that the deposition of
El-Khalidi, as well as other depositions, take place in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, and
“insist[ing] that the mediation scheduled for August 9, 2012[,] be canceled[;]” and
4 (8) AADC’s counsel’s August 7, 2012, letter in response, in which counsel refused
to conduct depositions in Saudi Arabia and advising that AADC intended to file a
motion for sanctions seeking dismissal of El-Khalidi’s claims with prejudice as a
result of El-Khalidi’s failure to appear for deposition as ordered by the trial court.
El-Khalidi filed a response to the motion, in which he alleged that his age
and health conditions precluded him from traveling from Saudi Arabia for his
deposition and contended that “[d]efendants’ request that the Court summarily
dismiss his claims has no validity under Texas law and [d]efendants have utterly
failed to show any basis which would justify such an order . . . .” In addition, El-
Khalidi asserted that “his ability to travel is controlled by [d]efendants as they must
authorize his exit from and re-entry into Saudi Arabia.” El-Khalidi’s response did
not address appellees’ argument concerning his alleged failure to comply with the
Texas Rules of Judicial Administration in prosecuting his claim or his alleged lack
of diligence in prosecuting his claim.
El-Khalidi filed an affidavit on July 17, 2013. In that affidavit, El-Khalidi
averred, among other things, that he discovered zinc, gold, silver, copper and
nickel after obtaining a mineral reconnaissance permit in Saudi Arabia as a cover
for his clandestine operations there as a member of the CIA. El-Khalidi also filed
an affidavit that purported to authenticate copies of numerous documents. After
5 conducting a hearing, the trial judge signed an amended order granting the motion
to dismiss for want of prosecution and dismissing without prejudice all of El-
Khalidi’s claims against appellees on July 24, 2013.
ISSUE ONE
In his first issue, El-Khalidi argues the trial court abused its discretion by
dismissing his claims for want of prosecution. We review a trial court’s decision to
dismiss a case for want of prosecution under an abuse of discretion standard.
MacGregor v. Rich, 941 S.W.2d 74, 75 (Tex. 1997). A trial court abuses its
discretion when it acts in an arbitrary or unreasonable manner, or when it acts
without reference to guiding rules and principles. Downer v. Aquamarine
Operators, Inc., 701 S.W.2d 238, 241-42 (Tex. 1985). In determining whether a
trial court abused its discretion by dismissing a case for want of prosecution, we
examine the record in its entirety. Olin Corp. v. Coastal Water Auth., 849 S.W.2d
852, 856 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 1993, no writ).
A trial court can dismiss a case for want of prosecution when a party seeking
affirmative relief fails to appear at a hearing or at trial, the case is not disposed of
within the time standards established by the Texas Supreme Court, or the trial
court finds that the case has not been prosecuted with due diligence. Villareal v.
San Antonio Truck & Equip., 994 S.W.2d 628, 630 (Tex. 1999). Rule 6.1(b)(1) of
6 the Rules of Judicial Administration requires district court judges to dispose of
civil jury cases, other than family law matters, “[w]ithin 18 months from
appearance date.” Tex. R. Jud. Admin. 6.1(b)(1), reprinted in Tex. Gov’t Code
Ann., tit. 2, subtit. F app. (West 2013).
As discussed above, El-Khalidi filed his original petition on August 2, 2011.
AADC filed its first amended answer on September 14, 2011, and the trial court
signed its amended order dismissing El-Khalidi’s claims on July 24, 2013.
According to the time standards contained in Rule 6.1(b)(1) of the Rules of
Judicial Administration, El-Khalidi’s case against AADC should have been
disposed of within eighteen months from the date of AADC’s appearance. See id.
6.1(b)(1). Therefore, under Rule 6.1(b)(1) of the Rules of Judicial Administration,
El-Khalidi’s case should have been disposed of by March 14, 2013, i.e. eighteen
months from September 14, 2011. See id. Because more than eighteen months had
passed since AADC filed its answer, the trial court did not err by dismissing El-
Khalidi’s claims against AADC for want of prosecution. 4
We now turn to the dismissal of El-Khalidi’s claims against Carter and
Goehringer for want of prosecution. Under the common law, the trial court 4 Because AADC’s original answer is not contained in the appellate record, we use the date of AADC’s amended answer in addressing whether the case against AADC had been disposed of within the time standards set forth in Rule 6.1(b)(1) of the Rules of Judicial Administration. 7 possesses the inherent power to dismiss, independent of its authority under Rule
165a of the Texas Rules of Civil Procedure, when a plaintiff does not prosecute his
case with due diligence. Villarreal, 994 S.W.2d at 630. A plaintiff is “reasonably
diligent” if he acted as an ordinary, prudent person would have acted under the
same or similar circumstances. Manning v. North, 82 S.W.3d 706, 713 (Tex.
App.—Amarillo 2002, no pet.).
Goehringer filed his answer on June 11, 2012, and Carter filed his answer on
July 24, 2012. The record in this case reflects that with the exception of El-
Khalidi’s petition and response to the counterclaim, almost all of the activity in the
case consisted of the appellees’ efforts to mediate the case, to obtain written
discovery from El-Khalidi, to obtain sanctions against El-Khalidi, and to take El-
Khalidi’s deposition, and El-Khalidi’s attempts to avoid appearing for deposition
in Texas and to avoid answering discovery. On this record, the trial court could
reasonably have concluded that El-Khalidi had failed to prosecute his claims
against Goehringer and Carter with due diligence. See Villarreal, 994 S.W.2d at
630. Therefore, the trial court did not err by dismissing El-Khalidi’s claims against
Goehringer and Carter for want of prosecution. Accordingly, we overrule issue
one. Because we hold that the trial court did not err by dismissing El-Khalidi’s
claims against appellees for want of prosecution, we need not address El-Khalidi’s
8 second issue, in which he asserts that no other basis supports the trial court’s
decision. We affirm the trial court’s order dismissing El-Khalidi’s claims against
appellees for want of prosecution.
AFFIRMED.
________________________________ STEVE McKEITHEN Chief Justice
Submitted on May 1, 2014 Opinion Delivered May 22, 2014
Before McKeithen, C.J., Kreger and Horton, JJ.