Harris v. State

402 S.E.2d 62, 198 Ga. App. 503, 1991 Ga. App. LEXIS 158
CourtCourt of Appeals of Georgia
DecidedJanuary 17, 1991
DocketA90A1578
StatusPublished
Cited by31 cases

This text of 402 S.E.2d 62 (Harris v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Georgia primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Harris v. State, 402 S.E.2d 62, 198 Ga. App. 503, 1991 Ga. App. LEXIS 158 (Ga. Ct. App. 1991).

Opinion

Carley, Judge.

Appellant was tried before a jury on charges that he had committed child molestation and aggravated sodomy against two sisters. He was acquitted on the charges as to one of the sisters and found guilty on the charges as to the other sister. He appealed to the Supreme Court from the judgments of conviction and sentences entered by the trial court on the jury’s guilty verdicts. The case is now before this court pursuant to the Supreme Court’s order of transfer.

1. The denial of appellant’s motion for new trial on the ground that he was denied effective assistance of trial counsel is enumerated as error. The alleged deficiency is the failure of appellant’s trial counsel to call certain additional witnesses.

“The defendant must overcome the strong presumption that counsel’s conduct falls within the broad range of reasonable professional conduct.” Brogdon v. State, 255 Ga. 64, 68 (3) (335 SE2d 383) (1985). The determination as to which defense witnesses will be called is a matter of trial strategy and tactics. “Appellant did not subpoena his trial counsel to appear at the hearing on his motion for new trial. Thus, appellant made no affirmative showing that the purported deficiencies in his trial counsel’s representation were indicative of ineffectiveness and were not examples of a conscious and deliberate trial strategy.” Garrett v. State, 196 Ga. App. 872, 873 (1) (397 SE2d 205) (1990). “A trial court’s finding that a defendant has been afforded effective assistance of counsel must be upheld unless that finding is clearly erroneous. [Cit.] The trial court’s finding in the instant case is not clearly erroneous. ‘In fact, counsel was so successful that (appellant) was acquitted on two of the [four] counts against him.’ [Cit.]” Garrett v. State, supra at 874 (1).

*504 2. One ground of the motion for new trial was predicated upon the purported failure of certain jurors to answer truthfully and fully voir dire questions regarding whether they knew appellant. The denial of appellant’s motion for new trial on this ground is enumerated as error.

In support of this enumeration, appellant relies upon the testimony given by his wife at the hearing on the motion for new trial. However, in her testimony, appellant’s wife also conceded, that she had been present throughout the trial and had been sitting in the front row immediately behind the defense table and that she had not been hindered from, but rather had the opportunity of speaking to appellant and his lawyers during voir dire. Furthermore, she acknowledged that the defense may have preferred to have jurors who knew appellant.

“[T]his situation is controlled by Brown v. Holland, 228 Ga. 628, 629 (2) (187 SE2d 246) (1972), where it was held the acceptance of a juror with knowledge of any alleged disqualification was a waiver of such disqualification.” Sanders v. State, 246 Ga. 42, 43 (3) (268 SE2d 628) (1980). Moreover, “[i]n the absence of a showing of some prejudice other than the possible opportunity to exercise a knowledgeable peremptory, challenge, the court’s refusing to grant a new trial because of juror inaccuracy will not constitute an abuse of discretion. [Cit.] There was no showing of prejudice here. Further, there was no showing of bad faith or deliberate attempt to mislead on the part of the juror[s] who [knew appellant]. There was no abuse of discretion on the part of the trial judge in refusing to grant a new trial. [Cit.]” Mosley v. State, 257 Ga. 382, 384 (4) (359 SE2d 653) (1987). See also Brown v. Holland, supra at 629 (2).

3. In support of his motion for new trial, appellant presented evidence of the exculpatory results of his post-trial polygraph examination. The denial of appellant’s motion for new trial on the ground that the polygraph results constituted newly discovered evidence is enumerated as error.

Appellant has offered no explanation as to why he did not submit to a polygraph examination prior to trial. “There was no factual showing that this evidence could not have been discovered by the exercise of ordinary diligence. . . . More important, [because the State failed to so stipulate, the results of the polygraph examination are] not admissible evidence. . . .” Timberlake v. State, 246 Ga. 488, 491-92 (1) (271 SE2d 792) (1980). “ ‘Absent an express stipulation by the State and the accused that the results of a polygraph test will be admitted in evidence, the results are inadmissible.’ [Cits.]” Rucker v. State, 177 Ga. App. 779, 781 (4) (341 SE2d 228) (1986).

4. Appellant challenges the constitutionality of OCGA § 24-3-16. However, “[t]he transfer of the case by the Supreme Court to this *505 court is a final determination that no constitutional question was in fact properly raised or, if so raised, that it was not meritorious.” Egerton v. Jolly, 133 Ga. App. 805, 806 (1) (212 SE2d 462) (1975). See also In the Matter of J. S. S., 175 Ga. App. 361, 364 (1) (333 SE2d 417) (1985).

5. A physician was asked if, based upon his physical examination of the victim, he had an opinion whether she had been sexually molested. Over appellant’s objection that this question called for an opinion as to the ultimate issue to be decided by the jury, the physician was allowed to respond. This evidentiary ruling is enumerated as error.

The physician’s opinion was based upon his physical examination of the victim, not upon the child abuse accommodation syndrome. See State v. Butler, 256 Ga. 448 (349 SE2d 684) (1986). Compare Allison v. State, 256 Ga. 851 (353 SE2d 805) (1987). “The jury, having the benefit of [neither] extensive testimony as to the lineaments of the child abuse syndrome, [nor] testimony that [the victim] exhibited several symptoms that are consistent with the syndrome, was [not] fully capable of deciding — upon their own — whether the [victim] in fact was abused, and, if so, whether [appellant] did it. For that reason, the admission of this aspect of the expert’s testimony was [not] incorrect. ([See] State v. Butler, [supra].)” (Emphasis in original.) Allison v. State, supra at 853 (6).

6. The trial court did not err in ruling that another witness for the State was qualified as an expert as to the child abuse accommodation syndrome. See generally Baker v. State, 156 Ga. App. 283 (274 SE2d 678) (1980).

7. Appellant enumerates as error the admission into evidence of certain drawings made by the victim. The only objection that was raised at trial to the admission of these drawings was to their lack of authentication. On appeal, however, appellant relies upon other grounds for asserting that the drawings were not admissible. The objection that was raised below is, therefore, deemed abandoned and the grounds that are raised for the first time on appeal will not be considered.

8. The arrest warrant charged appellant with commission of the crimes on July 3, 1988, and he was originally indicted for having committed the crimes on that date.

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Bluebook (online)
402 S.E.2d 62, 198 Ga. App. 503, 1991 Ga. App. LEXIS 158, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/harris-v-state-gactapp-1991.