Harper v. State

850 S.W.2d 736, 1993 Tex. App. LEXIS 912, 1993 WL 94023
CourtCourt of Appeals of Texas
DecidedMarch 10, 1993
DocketNo. 07-92-0265-CR
StatusPublished
Cited by8 cases

This text of 850 S.W.2d 736 (Harper v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Texas primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Harper v. State, 850 S.W.2d 736, 1993 Tex. App. LEXIS 912, 1993 WL 94023 (Tex. Ct. App. 1993).

Opinion

REYNOLDS, Chief Justice.

After a jury found appellant Mike Harper guilty of a terroristic threat, the trial court assessed his punishment at confinement in the county jail for 30 days, probated for two years, and a fine of $500. Following the court’s overruling of appellant’s indigency motion, he perfected this appeal to contend the court erred (1) in overruling his indigency motion, and (2) by failing to charge the jury concerning the defense of a third person. On the rationale expressed, we will abate the appeal and remand the cause to the trial court for further proceedings.

As this appeal was postured by the briefs and presented by the argument of counsel, appellant contended that by the proof of his indigency, he was entitled to a free statement of facts and the appointment of appellate counsel, and that he could not assert his complaint of error in the charge without a statement of facts. The State replied that the court correctly found against appellant’s claim of indigency, but [738]*738that the cause should be remanded to the trial court for further development of the question of indigency, and determinations of the portion of the testimony necessary for the appeal and its cost. This posture of the appeal stems from the irregular indi-gency proceedings in the trial court.

Subsequent to the entry of judgment, appellant, represented by retained, albeit unpaid, trial counsel who is not the volunteer counsel representing him on appeal, filed a sworn motion by which he requested the appointment of counsel to represent him on appeal because of his alleged indigency. Although the motion was unnecessary if appellant was indigent, because an indigent who manifests a desire to appeal is entitled, without a request, to court-appointed counsel on appeal where assistance of counsel is constitutionally required, Ex parte Perez, 479 S.W.2d 283, 284 (Tex.Cr.App.1972), the motion sufficed to bring the matter to the court’s attention.

Yet, even though appellant’s motion contained a prayer “for such relief as he may show himself justly entitled to receive, either at law or in equity,” there was no request in the motion for a free statement of facts. Neither did appellant file an affidavit of inability to pay for the statement of facts, which is required by rule 53(j)(2), Texas Rules of Appellate Procedure, as the predicate for a hearing to determine whether appellant was entitled to be furnished a statement of facts without charge. Nor did appellant raise, in the hearing on his indigency motion, a claim that he was entitled to a statement of facts without charge.

During the hearing, the learned trial court inquired whether a proper written statement by appellant was before the court for a determination of indigency, and was informed by appellant’s trial counsel that, “I will file that, Judge ... and have Mr. Harper sign it.” The instrument filed was entitled “OATH REQUIRED UNDER ARTICLE 26.04 CCP,” was signed and sworn to by appellant, and adopted the allegations set out in the indigency motion without mentioning a request for a statement of facts without charge. Parenthetically, it is observed that article 26.04, Texas Code of Criminal Procedure Annotated (Vernon 1989), governs the appointment of counsel for an indigent charged with an offense punishable by imprisonment, not the appointment of counsel on appeal.

In this connection, we have not overlooked the State’s assertion that appellant has not complied with rule 53(a) or rule 54(b), Texas Rules of Appellate Procedure, the respective timetables for (1) requesting and designating the proceedings to be included in a statement of facts and (2) filing it. However, the record reveals that appellant filed his indigency motion before the time specified by rule 53(a) for requesting and designating the statement of facts and, consequently, he cannot be said to have in some manner waived his right to an in forma pauperis appellate record. Stephens v. State, 509 S.W.2d 363, 365 (Tex.Cr.App.1974). Moreover, the State did not raise these noncompliances, nor any other noncompliance with procedural requirements, in the trial court to defeat appellant’s indi-gency motion and, consequently, did not preserve them for appellate review. Tex. R.App.P. 52(a). Accord Skidmore v. State, 808 S.W.2d 708, 710 (Tex.App.—Texarkana 1991, no pet’n).

The State also submits, probably to show a deficiency in appellant's evidence of indigency, that there is no evidence in the record of the actual cost of the statement of facts or what testimony was required to perfect an appeal. There is, however, appellant’s indigency motion in which he alleges he has been informed by his trial attorney that approximately $1,500 of the total cost of an appeal is allocated to a statement of facts, and his affidavit in which he adopts the allegations of his indi-gency motion. Each document is strengthened by appellant’s sworn statement that “all the allegations set out” in the document “are true and correct.” Both documents were before the trial court for its consideration, without objection, of the question of indigency; and, therefore, for the purpose of our decision, we must consider the sworn allegation as some evidence of the cost of the statement of facts.

[739]*739Since this state provides appellate review of criminal convictions, an indigent defendant is entitled not only to the effective assistance of counsel on appeal, but to a transcription of the court reporter’s notes without charge. Williams v. State, 530 S.W.2d 582, 584 (Tex.Cr.App.1975). A defendant who claims indigency must sustain his allegations as to indigency at the hearing provided by rule 53(j)(2), supra. Abdnor v. State, 712 S.W.2d 136, 140-41 (Tex.Cr.App.1986).

The determination of indigency is not controlled by any rigid standards, but is made on a case-by-case basis as of the time of appeal, and in the sound discretion of the trial court. Rosales v. State, 748 S.W.2d 451, 455 (Tex.Cr.App.1987). Absent rigid standards of determination, certain factors are considered. Only defendant’s financial condition is considered, for the financial responsibility of his relatives, friends, and employer is of no moment. Id. The fact that defendant was represented by retained counsel at trial is immaterial, because retained counsel is not obligated to furnish defendant a statement of facts at his expense or to prosecute the appeal without fee. Abdnor v. State, 712 S.W.2d at 142. Given these considerations, a defendant is indigent when the testimony adduced in his behalf establishes a prima facie showing of indigency, and the State fails to undermine that showing. Snoke v. State, 780 S.W.2d 210, 213-14 (Tex.Cr.App.1989).

Reviewed in the light of these principles, the record reveals that at the time of the hearing, appellant was employed as a constable in Garza County at a monthly salary of $182, $100 of which was to subsidize insurance for his dependents, and he had unsuccessfully attempted to obtain additional employment.

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Related

Sammy Chavez v. State
Court of Appeals of Texas, 2004
in Re Eara John Nelson
Court of Appeals of Texas, 1999
Newman v. State
937 S.W.2d 1 (Court of Criminal Appeals of Texas, 1996)
Dwayne A. Wachel v. State
Court of Appeals of Texas, 1996

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
850 S.W.2d 736, 1993 Tex. App. LEXIS 912, 1993 WL 94023, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/harper-v-state-texapp-1993.