Harmon v. Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Co.

642 A.2d 1042, 273 N.J. Super. 552, 1994 N.J. Super. LEXIS 253
CourtNew Jersey Superior Court Appellate Division
DecidedJune 3, 1994
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 642 A.2d 1042 (Harmon v. Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Co.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering New Jersey Superior Court Appellate Division primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Harmon v. Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Co., 642 A.2d 1042, 273 N.J. Super. 552, 1994 N.J. Super. LEXIS 253 (N.J. Ct. App. 1994).

Opinion

The opinion of the court was delivered by

SHEBELL, P.J.A.D.

This appeal involves a discovery issue which arises out of an age discrimination suit brought by plaintiffs, John Harmon, Ronald Gargano, and Michael Filler against defendant, The Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Company (A & P). The complaint alleges that plaintiffs’ employment with defendant was terminated in violation of the New Jersey Law Against Discrimination (LAD), N.J.S.A. 10:5-1 to -42. Plaintiffs’ complaint further alleges that they suffered and continue to suffer “severe mental anguish, stress, [554]*554humiliation and pain” as a result of the “wrongful acts” of defendant. Plaintiffs seek, among other relief, “[cjompensatory damages, including damages for pain and suffering ... [and] [p]unitive damages.”

As part of discovery, identical document requests were served on all plaintiffs. Plaintiffs objected to those portions of defendant’s requests which sought plaintiffs’ checkbook registers, bank statements and credit card bills, receipts and statements for the period “from January 1, 1990, to the present.” Following unsuccessful attempts to resolve the issue, defendant filed a motion to compel plaintiffs’ compliance. Without oral argument, the Law Division judge ordered plaintiffs to produce the documents. We granted plaintiffs’ motion for leave to appeal, and now reverse.

Plaintiffs were employees of A & P. On or about April 17,1991, plaintiffs were terminated in a company-wide layoff involving approximately 100 employees, as part of A & P’s “1991 capital plan.” Plaintiff Harmon, fifty-four years old at the time of the layoff, was National Director of Construction and had been an employee of A & P for thirty-eight years. Five employees of defendant had the same title and job duties of plaintiff Harmon. Two of these five were also laid off at the same time as plaintiff and a total of approximately twenty-one people were laid off in his department. Plaintiff Gargano, fifty-seven years old at the time of the layoff, was Director of Architecture. He had been employed by A & P for seven and one-half years. Plaintiff Filler, age sixty-four at the time of the layoff, was Director of Special Projects. He had been employed by defendant for seven years.

Defendant’s motion to compel the turnover of documents related specifically to the following two paragraphs contained in its request for production of documents that was served upon all three plaintiffs:

13. Plaintiffs checkbook registers and bank statements for the period January 1, 1990 to the present;
[555]*55517. All documents or tangible things which refer to or relate in any way to plaintiffs credit card activity for the period of January 1, 1990 to present, including, but not limited to, credit card statements, credit card bills and credit card receipt____

Plaintiffs objected to the discovery of their checkbook registers and bank statements because this request was “overbroad, burdensome, violative of [their] privacy, not reasonably related to the discovery of relevant evidence but rather to harass plaintiff[s].” Plaintiffs claimed that the request for credit card bills, receipts, and statements was “overbroad, burdensome and lacking in sufficient specificity.”

By letter dated April 2,1992, defendant informed plaintiffs that the objections were “unfounded” as plaintiffs had alleged that the emotional distress they suffered as a result of the termination had interfered with their normal life activities and the requested documents would provide “an objective measure of whether plaintiffs] suffered emotional distress so as to interfere with [their] normal life activities.”

Plaintiffs repeated their previous objections to producing their checkbook registers, bank statements and credit card bills and receipts. They wrote the following response:

Defendant has completely misapplied the law in the State of New Jersey. The law against discrimination was specifically amended to provide for damages for emotional stress in the amendments of 1991. [Plaintiffs’ counsel] participated in drafting those amendments and [is] very familiar with the committee reports relating to same. Those amendments were interpreted in a case called Rathemacher v. IBM in which the Court found that not only is it unnecessary to provide medical evidence of emotional stress damages, but that a plaintiffs testimony is enough to support such claim. See, also Levinson v. Prentice-Hall. It is clear that this Demand is designed to harass p!aintiff[s] and violate [their] right to privacy in order to make this litigation as unpleasant as possible. Plaintiffls] will testify at [their] deposition about the extent of [their] emotional stress and those damages. If during his deposition, he indicates specific areas of his life that have been interfered with, I Mill reconsider your discovery request specifically related to those claims. My client[s] have indicated to me, however, that although [they] have experienced significant distress, that distress has not interfered with his ability to pay his bilis, write cheeks, use his credit card or seek other employment. Not making a claim that those three areas have been affected, you are clearly not entitled to that discovery, even based on your one 1989 federal district court case.

[556]*556At his deposition in September 1992, plaintiff Harmon testified that since his employment with defendant was terminated, his lifestyle had changed and that his recreational activities had been curbed “[v]ery drastically.” Plaintiff Harmon also claimed that because of the termination, he had trouble sleeping and he “didn’t eat well.”

In his October 1992 deposition, plaintiff Filler testified that after termination, he didn’t sleep through the entire night anymore, he experienced a “shortness in temper,” and that he had begun to eat more since termination and had gained approximately ten pounds. When asked whether his emotional harm resulting from his termination caused a change in lifestyle, Filler responded that it “[diminished with lack of funds.” In regard to how his recreational activities had changed, he testified that he was no longer able to play as much golf because he “did not have the finances” and because it had been difficult to concentrate. Also, the termination resulted in less travelling because of “the financial end of it” and because the desire was not there.

Similar to the other two plaintiffs, plaintiff Gargano testified at his deposition of January 1993 that the termination caused him to “cut[ ] back on [his] lifestyle.” He described this “cut back” as follows:

You’re now walking through a supermarket and counting the change in your pocket, or whatever, saying I can’t afford these extras. Now, all of a sudden constantly juggling your finances and your bills, and all that. I mean you’re carrying that with you all the time during the 13-month period.

On appeal, plaintiffs argue that the Law Division’s order would “force disclosure of plaintiffs’ private financial matters without any clear showing of good cause and/or compelling need ...,” and “would only serve to harass these plaintiffs and to discourage others [from filing suit].” Plaintiffs also argue that the discovery order “is clearly contrary to the public policy embodied in the New Jersey Law Against Discrimination, N.J.S.A. 10:5-1 et seq. ...”

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Bluebook (online)
642 A.2d 1042, 273 N.J. Super. 552, 1994 N.J. Super. LEXIS 253, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/harmon-v-great-atlantic-pacific-tea-co-njsuperctappdiv-1994.