NOT FOR PUBLICATION WITHOUT THE APPROVAL OF THE APPELLATE DIVISION This opinion shall not "constitute precedent or be binding upon any court." Although it is posted on the internet, this opinion is binding only on the parties in the case and its use in other cases is limited. R.1:36-3.
SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY APPELLATE DIVISION DOCKET NO. A-2899-15T4
HALINA PELCZAR,
Appellant,
v.
BOARD OF REVIEW, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR, and A&E CLOTHING CORPORATION,
Respondents. _____________________________
Submitted May 15, 2017 – Decided May 30, 2017
Before Judges Yannotti and Gilson.
On appeal from the Board of Review, Department of Labor, Docket No. 064,044.
Halina Pelczar, appellant pro se.
Christopher S. Porrino, Attorney General, attorney for respondent Board of Review, Department of Labor (Melissa Dutton Schaffer, Assistant Attorney General, of counsel; Emily M. Bisnauth, Deputy Attorney General, on the brief).
Ann F. Kiernan, attorney for respondent A&E Clothing Corporation.
PER CURIAM Halina Pelczar appeals from a February 11, 2016 final decision
of the Board of Review (Board), which reversed the determination
of the Appellant Tribunal and held that Pelczar was disqualified
for unemployment benefits under N.J.S.A. 43:21-5(a) because she
left her job voluntarily without good cause attributable to the
work. We remand this matter to the Board for further proceedings
because there were disputed issues concerning whether Pelczar
informed her employer that she could only return to light-duty
work due to a medical condition and whether such light-duty work
was available.
Pelczar was employed by A&E Clothing Corporation (A&E or
employer) as a clothing sorter from March 28, 2011, until May 31,
2015. Her job duties required her to push a cart full of clothing
weighing upwards of 180 pounds and to sort and fold items using
repetitive motions. On January 8, 2015, Pelczar suffered a medical
incident unrelated to her work.1 Thereafter, Pelczar never
returned to work.
Initially, A&E placed Pelczar on medical leave and Pelczar
obtained three notes from her treating physician. Each note
explained that Pelczar needed more time to recover before she
could return to work, with the final note stating that Pelczar
1 Pelczar states that she suffered a stroke, but there is no medical documentation establishing the nature of the medical incident.
2 A-2899-15T4 should be available to return to work on June 1, 2015. On May 28,
2015, Pelczar submitted a resignation form to her employer.
On June 7, 2015, Pelczar applied for unemployment benefits.
The Deputy Director of the Division of Unemployment and Disability
Insurance determined that Pelczar was disqualified for benefits
because she left work voluntarily without good cause attributable
to the work. Pelczar administratively appealed to the Appeal
Tribunal.
The Appeal Tribunal conducted a hearing on August 25, 2015,
and Pelczar appeared telephonically, but her employer did not
participate. Pelczar testified that while she was on medical
leave, she updated her employer with her doctor's instructions and
the employer did not request any further documentation. Pelczar
also testified that her physician informed her that she could
return to work in a light-duty capacity beginning on June 1, 2015.
According to Pelczar, her physician informed her that she was not
permitted to do any heavy lifting, standing for long periods of
time, or bending excessively. Pelczar went on to testify that in
May 2015, she spoke to the owner of A&E and related to her the
doctor's restrictions on her ability to perform heavy-duty work.
Pelczar then testified that her employer informed her that the
company did not have any light-duty work available for her.
Accordingly, Pelczar was directed to resign and she submitted a
3 A-2899-15T4 resignation form, which identified the reason for her leaving
employment as "health problem[.]"
At the request of the Appeal Tribunal, Pelczar later submitted
a note from her treating physician. That note, which was dated
August 25, 2015, stated that Pelczar "continue[d] to have headaches
and dizziness" related to her medical condition, and "should avoid
bending, heaving lifting, pushing or pulling, which are integral
to her work."
Based on Pelczar's testimony, the Appeals Examiner found that
Pelczar notified her employer of the work restrictions that her
doctor prescribed. The Examiner also found that A&E did not have
work available for Pelczar within her medical condition
restrictions. The Examiner then concluded that N.J.S.A. 43:21-
5(a) did not apply because Pelczar had not left work voluntarily.
The employer filed an appeal to the Board. In a letter, it
alleged that Pelczar did not inform anyone that she was able to
return to light-duty work. The employer also acknowledged that
had Pelczar made such request, it would have determined if a
position was available and may have been able to accommodate
Pelczar by offering her a position that would not aggravate her
health condition.
On February 11, 2016, the Board reversed the Appeal Tribunal's
decision. The Board stated that it was accepting the factual
4 A-2899-15T4 findings made by the Appeal Tribunal. The Board went on to explain
that because Pelczar's medical condition was not caused by the
work, and because she could not perform her job duties, she left
her employment without good cause attributable to the work. In
reaching that conclusion, the Board cited and relied on our
decision in Stauhs v. Bd. of Review, 93 N.J. Super. 451 (App. Div.
1967). The Board then held that Pelczar was disqualified from
receiving benefits under N.J.S.A. 43:21-5(a).
Pelczar appeals and argues that she left her work because her
medical condition prevented her from performing heavy-duty work
and A&E had informed her that it could not accommodate her because
there was no light-duty work available.
Our review of administrative agency decision is limited.
Bradley v. Bd. of Review, 152 N.J. 197, 210 (1997). "If the
Board's factual findings are supported 'by sufficient credible
evidence, [we] are obligated to accept them.'" Ibid. (quoting
Self v. Bd. of Review, 91 N.J. 453, 459 (1982)). "Unless . . .
the agency's action was arbitrary, capricious, or unreasonable,
the agency's ruling should not be disturbed." Ibid.
An individual is disqualified for unemployment benefits if
he or she has "left work voluntarily without good cause
attributable to such work[.]" N.J.S.A. 43:21-5(a). An employee
who has left work voluntarily bears the burden of proving that he
5 A-2899-15T4 or she "did so with good cause attributable to work." Bradley,
supra, 152 N.J. at 218 (citing Zielenski v. Bd. of Review, 85 N.J.
Super. 46, 52 (App. Div. 1964)); N.J.A.C. 12:17-9.1(c). "While
the statute does not define 'good cause,' our courts have construed
the statute to mean 'cause sufficient to justify an employee's
voluntarily leaving the ranks of the employed and joining the
ranks of the unemployed.'" Domenico v. Bd. of Review, 192 N.J.
Super. 284, 287 (App. Div. 1983) (quoting Condo v. Bd. of Review,
158 N.J. Super. 172, 174 (App. Div. 1978)).
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NOT FOR PUBLICATION WITHOUT THE APPROVAL OF THE APPELLATE DIVISION This opinion shall not "constitute precedent or be binding upon any court." Although it is posted on the internet, this opinion is binding only on the parties in the case and its use in other cases is limited. R.1:36-3.
SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY APPELLATE DIVISION DOCKET NO. A-2899-15T4
HALINA PELCZAR,
Appellant,
v.
BOARD OF REVIEW, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR, and A&E CLOTHING CORPORATION,
Respondents. _____________________________
Submitted May 15, 2017 – Decided May 30, 2017
Before Judges Yannotti and Gilson.
On appeal from the Board of Review, Department of Labor, Docket No. 064,044.
Halina Pelczar, appellant pro se.
Christopher S. Porrino, Attorney General, attorney for respondent Board of Review, Department of Labor (Melissa Dutton Schaffer, Assistant Attorney General, of counsel; Emily M. Bisnauth, Deputy Attorney General, on the brief).
Ann F. Kiernan, attorney for respondent A&E Clothing Corporation.
PER CURIAM Halina Pelczar appeals from a February 11, 2016 final decision
of the Board of Review (Board), which reversed the determination
of the Appellant Tribunal and held that Pelczar was disqualified
for unemployment benefits under N.J.S.A. 43:21-5(a) because she
left her job voluntarily without good cause attributable to the
work. We remand this matter to the Board for further proceedings
because there were disputed issues concerning whether Pelczar
informed her employer that she could only return to light-duty
work due to a medical condition and whether such light-duty work
was available.
Pelczar was employed by A&E Clothing Corporation (A&E or
employer) as a clothing sorter from March 28, 2011, until May 31,
2015. Her job duties required her to push a cart full of clothing
weighing upwards of 180 pounds and to sort and fold items using
repetitive motions. On January 8, 2015, Pelczar suffered a medical
incident unrelated to her work.1 Thereafter, Pelczar never
returned to work.
Initially, A&E placed Pelczar on medical leave and Pelczar
obtained three notes from her treating physician. Each note
explained that Pelczar needed more time to recover before she
could return to work, with the final note stating that Pelczar
1 Pelczar states that she suffered a stroke, but there is no medical documentation establishing the nature of the medical incident.
2 A-2899-15T4 should be available to return to work on June 1, 2015. On May 28,
2015, Pelczar submitted a resignation form to her employer.
On June 7, 2015, Pelczar applied for unemployment benefits.
The Deputy Director of the Division of Unemployment and Disability
Insurance determined that Pelczar was disqualified for benefits
because she left work voluntarily without good cause attributable
to the work. Pelczar administratively appealed to the Appeal
Tribunal.
The Appeal Tribunal conducted a hearing on August 25, 2015,
and Pelczar appeared telephonically, but her employer did not
participate. Pelczar testified that while she was on medical
leave, she updated her employer with her doctor's instructions and
the employer did not request any further documentation. Pelczar
also testified that her physician informed her that she could
return to work in a light-duty capacity beginning on June 1, 2015.
According to Pelczar, her physician informed her that she was not
permitted to do any heavy lifting, standing for long periods of
time, or bending excessively. Pelczar went on to testify that in
May 2015, she spoke to the owner of A&E and related to her the
doctor's restrictions on her ability to perform heavy-duty work.
Pelczar then testified that her employer informed her that the
company did not have any light-duty work available for her.
Accordingly, Pelczar was directed to resign and she submitted a
3 A-2899-15T4 resignation form, which identified the reason for her leaving
employment as "health problem[.]"
At the request of the Appeal Tribunal, Pelczar later submitted
a note from her treating physician. That note, which was dated
August 25, 2015, stated that Pelczar "continue[d] to have headaches
and dizziness" related to her medical condition, and "should avoid
bending, heaving lifting, pushing or pulling, which are integral
to her work."
Based on Pelczar's testimony, the Appeals Examiner found that
Pelczar notified her employer of the work restrictions that her
doctor prescribed. The Examiner also found that A&E did not have
work available for Pelczar within her medical condition
restrictions. The Examiner then concluded that N.J.S.A. 43:21-
5(a) did not apply because Pelczar had not left work voluntarily.
The employer filed an appeal to the Board. In a letter, it
alleged that Pelczar did not inform anyone that she was able to
return to light-duty work. The employer also acknowledged that
had Pelczar made such request, it would have determined if a
position was available and may have been able to accommodate
Pelczar by offering her a position that would not aggravate her
health condition.
On February 11, 2016, the Board reversed the Appeal Tribunal's
decision. The Board stated that it was accepting the factual
4 A-2899-15T4 findings made by the Appeal Tribunal. The Board went on to explain
that because Pelczar's medical condition was not caused by the
work, and because she could not perform her job duties, she left
her employment without good cause attributable to the work. In
reaching that conclusion, the Board cited and relied on our
decision in Stauhs v. Bd. of Review, 93 N.J. Super. 451 (App. Div.
1967). The Board then held that Pelczar was disqualified from
receiving benefits under N.J.S.A. 43:21-5(a).
Pelczar appeals and argues that she left her work because her
medical condition prevented her from performing heavy-duty work
and A&E had informed her that it could not accommodate her because
there was no light-duty work available.
Our review of administrative agency decision is limited.
Bradley v. Bd. of Review, 152 N.J. 197, 210 (1997). "If the
Board's factual findings are supported 'by sufficient credible
evidence, [we] are obligated to accept them.'" Ibid. (quoting
Self v. Bd. of Review, 91 N.J. 453, 459 (1982)). "Unless . . .
the agency's action was arbitrary, capricious, or unreasonable,
the agency's ruling should not be disturbed." Ibid.
An individual is disqualified for unemployment benefits if
he or she has "left work voluntarily without good cause
attributable to such work[.]" N.J.S.A. 43:21-5(a). An employee
who has left work voluntarily bears the burden of proving that he
5 A-2899-15T4 or she "did so with good cause attributable to work." Bradley,
supra, 152 N.J. at 218 (citing Zielenski v. Bd. of Review, 85 N.J.
Super. 46, 52 (App. Div. 1964)); N.J.A.C. 12:17-9.1(c). "While
the statute does not define 'good cause,' our courts have construed
the statute to mean 'cause sufficient to justify an employee's
voluntarily leaving the ranks of the employed and joining the
ranks of the unemployed.'" Domenico v. Bd. of Review, 192 N.J.
Super. 284, 287 (App. Div. 1983) (quoting Condo v. Bd. of Review,
158 N.J. Super. 172, 174 (App. Div. 1978)).
An employee who leaves work for good, but personal, reasons
is not deemed to have left work voluntarily with good cause.
Bradley, supra, 152 N.J. at 213. Thus, an employee who leaves
work for personal reasons is subject to disqualification under
N.J.S.A. 43:21-5(a). Morgan v. Bd. of Review, 77 N.J. Super. 209,
212-13 (App. Div. 1962). There is, however, a limited exception
to this general rule under the Board's regulations. N.J.A.C.
12:17-9.3(b) provides, in pertinent part:
An individual who leaves a job due to a physical and/or mental condition or state of health which does not have a work-connected origin but is aggravated by working conditions will not be disqualified for benefits for voluntarily leaving work without good cause "attributable to such work," provided there was no other suitable work available which the individual could have performed within the limits of the disability.
6 A-2899-15T4 An employee who is unable to work because of illness and "makes
an attempt to protect his or her employment" is not deemed to have
voluntarily quit without good cause attributable to the work.
Ardan v. Bd. of Review, 444 N.J. Super. 576, 585 (App. Div. 2016).
Here, A&E raised a factual dispute concerning whether Pelczar
informed her employer of the limitations on her ability to return
to work and whether alternative work or light-duty work was
available. That issue was not raised before the Appeal Tribunal.
Instead, the issue was raised in a letter appealing the decision
of the Appeal Tribunal to the Board. The Board did not conduct
further factual findings. Instead, the Board relied on the factual
findings made by the Appeal Tribunal, but reached a different
legal conclusion.
Under N.J.A.C. 1:12-14.3(a), the Board may consider an appeal
"upon the evidence in the record made before the appeal tribunal,"
or may direct the taking of further evidence before the Board.
N.J.A.C. 1:12-14.3(c) further provides that the Board may in its
discretion "remand any claim or any issue involved in a claim to
an appeal tribunal for the taking of such additional evidence as
the Board . . . deem necessary."
Our decision in Stauhs, supra, 93 N.J. Super. at 451, does
not support a purely legal conclusion that Pelczar is disqualified
from receiving benefits. Here, in contrast to the facts in Stauhs,
7 A-2899-15T4 Pelczar provided proof that she could return to light-duty work.
Moreover, there was no evidence in the record that the employer
could not accommodate Pelczar by allowing her to do light-duty
work. Furthermore, in Stauhs, we did not address N.J.A.C. 12:17-
9.3(b) because that regulation became effective in June 1998, and
Stauhs, supra, 93 N.J. Super. at 451, was issued in 1967.
Here, the Board needed to resolve several disputed issues
before it could make a ruling. Indeed, the employer raised factual
disputes in its appeal to the Board, but the Board made no further
factual determinations to resolve those disputes. Thus, we remand
this matter to the Board. The Board should refer the matter to
the Appeal Tribunal for taking further evidence so that the factual
issues can be resolved.
Reversed and remanded for further proceedings. We do not
retain jurisdiction.
8 A-2899-15T4