Grooms v. Johnson

208 F.3d 488

• Court: Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit
• Decided: April 4, 2000
• Docket: 99-10379
• Status: Published

Opinion

IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT

No. 99-10379 Conference Calendar

RICHARD WILLIAM GROOMS,

Petitioner-Appellant,

versus

GARY L. JOHNSON, DIRECTOR, TEXAS DEPARTMENT OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE, INSTITUTIONAL DIVISION,

Respondent-Appellee.

-------------------- Appeal from the United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas

--------------------

December 14, 1999

Before JOLLY, HIGGINBOTHAM, and BARKSDALE, Circuit Judges.

PER CURIAM:

Richard William Grooms has appealed the district court’s

judgment dismissing his second federal application for a writ of

habeas corpus as time-barred under 28 U.S.C. § 2244(d). On

appeal from the denial of federal habeas relief, this court

reviews the district court’s factual determinations for clear

error and its legal conclusions are reviewed de novo. Thompson

v. Cain, 161 F.3d 802, 805 (5th Cir. 1998).

Section 2244(d)(1), as amended by the Antiterrorism and

Effective Death Penalty Act (“AEDPA”), provides that “[a] 1-year

period of limitation shall apply to an application for a writ of

1 habeas corpus by a person in custody pursuant to the judgment of

a State court.” § 2244(d)(1). Section 2244(d)(2) provides that

“[t]he time during which a properly filed application for State

post-conviction or other collateral review with respect to the

pertinent judgment or claim is pending shall not be counted

toward any period of limitation under this subsection.”

§ 2244(d)(2).

Prisoners whose convictions have become final prior to the

April 24, 1996, effective date of the AEDPA have one year after

that date in which to file for § 2254 relief. Flanagan v.

Johnson, 154 F.3d 196, 200-02 (5th Cir. 1998); see United States

v. Flores, 135 F.3d 1000, 1004-06 (5th Cir. 1998) (§ 2255 case),

cert. denied, 119 S. Ct. 846 (1999). Because Grooms’s conviction

became final prior to the effective date of the AEDPA, he had at

least until April 24, 1997, to file his § 2254 application.

In Fields v. Johnson, 159 F.3d 914, 916 (5th Cir. 1998),

this court held that the § 2244(d)(2) tolling provision applies

to the one-year limitations period. Noting that § 2244(d)(2)

provides that the limitation period applies to periods during

which a “State post-conviction proceeding or other collateral

review” is pending, Grooms contends that the limitation period

should tolled for the number of days during which his first

federal habeas petition was pending during the year following

April 24, 1996. Grooms argues that the quoted phrase should be

read in the disjunctive and that, accordingly, his first federal

habeas petition constituted “other collateral review” within the

meaning of the statute.

2 Recently, in Ott v. Johnson, ___ F.3d ___ (5th Cir. Oct. 21,

1999, No. 98-41211), 1999 WL 796160, *2, this court held that the

“a petition for writ of certiorari to the Supreme Court is not an

application for ‘State’ review that would toll the limitations

period.” Accordingly, the period is not tolled during the

ninety-day period within which a state habeas petitioner may file

a petition for writ of certiorari with the Supreme Court. Id.

In reaching this conclusion, the court adopted the reasoning of a

Tenth Circuit case in which the court concluded that the word

“State” in the phrase “State post-conviction proceeding or other

collateral review” modifies both the phrase “post-conviction

review” and the phrase “other collateral review.” Ott, 1999 WL

7961160 at *2 n.10 (citing Rhine v. Boone, 182 F.3d 1153, 1156

(10th Cir. 1999)). Ott is controlling in this case.

Grooms argues that he could not pursue state remedies during

the pendency of his first federal habeas proceeding. This

argument raises the question whether the limitations period was

equitably tolled. See Davis v. Johnson, 158 F.3d 806, 811-12

(5th Cir. 1998) (holding that the one-year limitations period is

subject to equitable tolling under appropriate exceptional

circumstances); cert. denied, 119 S. Ct. 1474 (1999). “Equitable

tolling applies principally where the plaintiff is actively

misled by the defendant about the cause of action or is prevented

in some extraordinary way from asserting his rights.” Coleman v.

Johnson, 184 F.3d 398, 402 (5th Cir. 1999) (internal quotation

marks omitted). More than one year expired after the first

federal habeas petition was dismissed for failure to exhaust

3 state remedies before Grooms filed his second federal habeas

application. Grooms did not attempt to exhaust his state

remedies during that period. Exceptional circumstances meriting

equitable tolling are not present in this case.

IT IS ORDERED that the respondent’s motion for leave to

supplement the record with documents from Grooms’s first federal

habeas proceeding is GRANTED;

IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the judgment of the district

court dismissing Grooms’s second federal habeas application as

time-barred is AFFIRMED.