Griffin v. State

13 So. 3d 833, 2009 Miss. App. LEXIS 394, 2009 WL 1856692
CourtCourt of Appeals of Mississippi
DecidedJune 30, 2009
Docket2007-KA-01768-COA
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 13 So. 3d 833 (Griffin v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Mississippi primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Griffin v. State, 13 So. 3d 833, 2009 Miss. App. LEXIS 394, 2009 WL 1856692 (Mich. Ct. App. 2009).

Opinion

GRIFFIS, J.,

for the Court.

¶ 1. Dewaun O’Sha Griffin was convicted in the Leake County Circuit Court for the murder of Daphne Nicole Harper (“Daphne”). He was sentenced to life imprisonment in the custody of the Mississippi Department of Corrections. On appeal, Griffin asserts that: (1) the circuit court erred in denying his motion for a directed verdict; (2) the verdict is against the overwhelming weight of the evidence; and (3) the jury was improperly instructed to consider the lesser crime of manslaughter only after it considered the actual charge of murder. We find no error and affirm.

FACTS

¶ 2. Since 2001, Daphne and Griffin resided at 308 Smith Lane, Carthage, Leake County, Mississippi. They had an exclusive relationship for many years, and they had one son together. On March 28, 2007, at 7:30 p.m., Daphne, along with her sister, Kenyada Harper (“Kenyada”), went to the residence to collect her belongings. While loading items into the truck, Kenyada heard two shots fired from inside the trailer.

¶ 3. Willie Huffman (“Willie”), 1 who is Griffin’s uncle and was an occupant at 308 Smith Lane, was also outside when he heard the first shot. He immediately ran inside to get his fourteen-year-old son and his sister, Linda Huffman (“Linda”), out of the living room. While in the home, Willie observed Griffin in the doorway of a bedroom located down the hall, with his arm extended up and outward in front of his body. Willie heard one shot, saw Griffin “rack” 2 the pistol, and then heard the second shot.

*836 ¶ 4. Linda, Griffin’s aunt, who also resided at 308 Smith Lane, saw Griffin crying while Daphne gathered her belongings. Linda testified that she heard doors slamming just before she heard the two shots. Linda never saw Griffin with a pistol in his hand.

¶ 5. Prior to the shooting, Angela Smith, Griffin’s mother and owner of the trailer located at 308 Smith Lane, warned Daphne not to return to the trailer because of the frequent arguments between the couple. Smith was outside during the incident, and she never heard the shots or any arguing.

¶ 6. Later that evening, Griffin was arrested and interrogated at the Leake County Jail. Griffin voluntarily gave a verbal statement and responded to questions without a demand for counsel or cessation of further questioning. The three interrogating officers each testified that Griffin stated that he saw the gun while Daphne was packing, took the gun, and starting shooting Daphne. Griffin refused to commit his statement to writing without the presence and advice of counsel.

ANALYSIS

1. Whether there is sufficient evidence to support Griffin’s conviction for murder.

¶ 7. Griffin argues that his motion for a directed verdict should have been granted by the circuit court. Specifically, he asserts that he did not exhibit the deliberation required for deliberate-design murder; therefore, he could only be found guilty of manslaughter. The State responds that the testimony of the eyewitnesses, along with Griffin’s own statement that he picked up the gun and started shooting Daphne, constitute sufficient evidence to convince a reasonable juror that Griffin was guilty of murder.

¶ 8. When reviewing the denial of motion for a directed verdict on an objection to the legal sufficiency of the evidence, we examine the evidence in a light most favorable to the State to determine whether “any rational trier of fact could have found the essential elements of the crime beyond a reasonable doubt.” Bush v. State, 895 So.2d 836, 843(¶ 16) (Miss.2005) (citation omitted).

¶ 9. Mississippi Code Annotated section 97—3—19(1)(a) (Rev.2006) defines murder as “[t]he killing of a human being without authority of law by any means or in any manner ... [w]hen done with deliberate design to effect the death of the person killed, or of any human being.” “Deliberate design” is synonymous with malice aforethought. Hearvey v. State, 887 So.2d 836, 839(¶ 5) (Miss.Ct.App.2004). Manslaughter is defined by Mississippi Code Annotated section 97-3-35 (Rev. 2006) as “[t]he killing of a human being, without malice, in the heat of passion, but in a cruel or unusual manner, or by the use of a dangerous weapon, without authority of law, and not in necessary self-defense[.]”

¶ 10. Griffin bases his argument on the Weathersby rule, which states: “where the defendant or the defendant’s witnesses are the only eyewitnesses to the homicide, their version, if reasonable, must be accepted as true, unless substantially contradicted in material particulars by a credible witness or witnesses for the [SJtate, or by the physical facts or by the facts of common knowledge.” Weathersby v. State, 165 Miss. 207, 209, 147 So. 481, 482 (1933). Griffin claims that he shot Daphne in the heat of passion and without deliberate design. Heat of passion is defined as:

*837 A state of violent and uncontrollable rage engendered by a blow or certain other provocation given, which will reduce a homicide from the grade of murder to that of manslaughter. Passion or anger suddenly aroused at the time by some immediate and reasonable provocation, by words or acts of one at the time. The term includes an emotional state of mind characterized by anger, rage, hatred, furious resentment or terror.

Phillips v. State, 794 So.2d 1034, 1037(¶ 9) (Miss.2001) (citation omitted).

¶ 11. Griffin provides no evidence, or other argument, to show that this was a heat-of-passion killing. In fact, his argument does not fit the Weathersby rule because his claim is contradicted by the witnesses who testified at trial.

¶ 12. The interrogating officers all testified that, when Griffin was asked why he shot Daphne, Griffin stated that he just picked up the gun and started shooting. He made no statement about a struggle or argument that would indicate that the shooting occurred in the heat of passion.

¶ 13. Griffin’s own statement is coupled with the witnesses’ corroboration that Griffin was seen with his arm extended, pointing into the room where Daphne was packing, when two shots were fired. Forensic pathologist Dr. Steven Hayne, who performed the autopsy of Daphne, identified two gunshot wounds: one to the nose with “tatooing,” indicating close proximity of the weapon to the body, and one under the chin with “flame injury,” showing that the weapon made contact with Daphne’s skin. Dr. Hayne concluded that either wound would have immediately incapacitated Daphne, and either shot would have been fatal.

¶ 14. The only testimony that could arguably support Griffin’s claim is Linda’s statement that Griffin was visibly upset, wiping tears from his eyes. This testimony alone is not enough to prove that the killing occurred in the heat of passion. Griffin’s statement to the interrogating officers, the eyewitnesses’ testimonies, and the autopsy results are sufficient to materially contradict Griffin’s version of the killing.

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Related

Griffith v. State
123 So. 3d 472 (Court of Appeals of Mississippi, 2013)
Leggett v. State
54 So. 3d 317 (Court of Appeals of Mississippi, 2011)

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Bluebook (online)
13 So. 3d 833, 2009 Miss. App. LEXIS 394, 2009 WL 1856692, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/griffin-v-state-missctapp-2009.